history of astro outline 2014
... Ancient Babylonians develop number system based on 60 (led to time-keeping and angular measurements) and 12month calendar. Ancient Egyptians separated a day-night period into 24 separate hours and the year into 365 days ...
... Ancient Babylonians develop number system based on 60 (led to time-keeping and angular measurements) and 12month calendar. Ancient Egyptians separated a day-night period into 24 separate hours and the year into 365 days ...
Introduction to cosmology I
... Reflecting telescope Light made up of components (1666) Lucasian professor of mathematics (1668) Halley : FG α 1/r2 Newton (1684): theoretical basis for Kepler’s laws 1687: Principia published Law 1 Every body continues in its state of rest, or uniform motion in a straight line, unless compelleed to ...
... Reflecting telescope Light made up of components (1666) Lucasian professor of mathematics (1668) Halley : FG α 1/r2 Newton (1684): theoretical basis for Kepler’s laws 1687: Principia published Law 1 Every body continues in its state of rest, or uniform motion in a straight line, unless compelleed to ...
Kepler File
... private sessions, he used to teach Copernicus, while in public lectures at the university; he used to teach the old Ptolemaic model. Kepler embraced the Copernican system and remained a firm Copernican all his life. He embraced it even though there was no evidence for helio-centrism at this point. ...
... private sessions, he used to teach Copernicus, while in public lectures at the university; he used to teach the old Ptolemaic model. Kepler embraced the Copernican system and remained a firm Copernican all his life. He embraced it even though there was no evidence for helio-centrism at this point. ...
Habitable zone - Penn State University
... • Caveat: For planets with low volcanic outgassing rates and with low stellar insolation, it may not be possible to maintain warm climates all the time. Instead, one may get limit cycling behavior, in which the climate alternates between warm and globally glaciated states (see, e.g., Kadoya and Taji ...
... • Caveat: For planets with low volcanic outgassing rates and with low stellar insolation, it may not be possible to maintain warm climates all the time. Instead, one may get limit cycling behavior, in which the climate alternates between warm and globally glaciated states (see, e.g., Kadoya and Taji ...
Decline of Western Civilization (extended) knowledge of ancient
... regular observations of Sun, Moon and Planets large number of observations greatest precision to date did not detect any stellar parallax [parallax.avi] heliocentric model rejected due to lack of observed stellar parallax Tycho Brahe’s geocentric model [figure 4-12] Sun and Moon orbit Earth, while p ...
... regular observations of Sun, Moon and Planets large number of observations greatest precision to date did not detect any stellar parallax [parallax.avi] heliocentric model rejected due to lack of observed stellar parallax Tycho Brahe’s geocentric model [figure 4-12] Sun and Moon orbit Earth, while p ...
Topic 2 Assignment - Science 9 Portfolio
... lenses to gather and focus the light from the stars. A process called ‘spin-casting’ today makes mirrors, by pouring molten glass into a spinning mould. The glass is forced to the edges, cooled and solidified. Mirrors as large as 6m across have been made using this method. An innovation for ground-b ...
... lenses to gather and focus the light from the stars. A process called ‘spin-casting’ today makes mirrors, by pouring molten glass into a spinning mould. The glass is forced to the edges, cooled and solidified. Mirrors as large as 6m across have been made using this method. An innovation for ground-b ...
Lecture 1: The Universe: a Historical Perspective
... Galileo Galilei Galileo (1564 – 1642); died year Newton was born ● first astronomical user of the telescope (1609); read about the Dutch invention (1608) and made his own ● published The Starry Messenger (1610) ● lunar surface full of irregularities ● Milky Way composed of faint stars ● four moons ...
... Galileo Galilei Galileo (1564 – 1642); died year Newton was born ● first astronomical user of the telescope (1609); read about the Dutch invention (1608) and made his own ● published The Starry Messenger (1610) ● lunar surface full of irregularities ● Milky Way composed of faint stars ● four moons ...
Hunting for Extrasolar Planets: Methods and Results
... How to define a “planet”?? By mass, but what mass? By how it formed, but how would we know how something formed? ...
... How to define a “planet”?? By mass, but what mass? By how it formed, but how would we know how something formed? ...
Exam Name___________________________________
... A) A theory can never be proved beyond all doubt; we can only hope to collect more and more evidence that might support it. B) A theory cannot be taken seriously by scientists if it contradicts other theories developed by scientists over the past several hundred years. C) If even a single new ...
... A) A theory can never be proved beyond all doubt; we can only hope to collect more and more evidence that might support it. B) A theory cannot be taken seriously by scientists if it contradicts other theories developed by scientists over the past several hundred years. C) If even a single new ...
From Big bang to lives on planets
... –About 85% of known exoplanets are detected by the technique –The Doppler method is sensitive to massive planets around relatively nearby stars Advantages of Transits –Transits offer the only way we currently have to make a direct measurement of the radii of exoplanets –Gives an estimate of the dens ...
... –About 85% of known exoplanets are detected by the technique –The Doppler method is sensitive to massive planets around relatively nearby stars Advantages of Transits –Transits offer the only way we currently have to make a direct measurement of the radii of exoplanets –Gives an estimate of the dens ...
Teacher notes and student sheets
... their Universe. If they could detect remote planets then they might have discovered that the Sun has a family of planets. If they can then explore the radiation reflected or emitted by these planets they might be able to begin to work out some details, such as temperature, nature of atmosphere, seas ...
... their Universe. If they could detect remote planets then they might have discovered that the Sun has a family of planets. If they can then explore the radiation reflected or emitted by these planets they might be able to begin to work out some details, such as temperature, nature of atmosphere, seas ...
Chapter 4
... • Tycho thought he knew the distances to stars, so lack of parallax meant Earth stands still. • Galileo showed stars must be much farther than Tycho thought — used his telescope to show that the Milky Way is countless individual stars. ...
... • Tycho thought he knew the distances to stars, so lack of parallax meant Earth stands still. • Galileo showed stars must be much farther than Tycho thought — used his telescope to show that the Milky Way is countless individual stars. ...
Planets Beyond the Solar System
... Van de Kamp’s planet finding was overturned, but, after years of searching, NASA astronomers at Palomar Observatory identified an exoplanet using astrometry in 2009. It is a gas giant (about 6x Jupiter’s mass) called VB 10b and is about 20 light-years away in the constellation Aquila. It is orbit ...
... Van de Kamp’s planet finding was overturned, but, after years of searching, NASA astronomers at Palomar Observatory identified an exoplanet using astrometry in 2009. It is a gas giant (about 6x Jupiter’s mass) called VB 10b and is about 20 light-years away in the constellation Aquila. It is orbit ...
Planets Beyond the Solar System
... Van de Kamp’s planet finding was overturned, but, after years of searching, NASA astronomers at Palomar Observatory identified an exoplanet using astrometry in 2009. It is a gas giant (about 6x Jupiter’s mass) called VB 10b and is about 20 light-years away in the constellation Aquila. It is orbit ...
... Van de Kamp’s planet finding was overturned, but, after years of searching, NASA astronomers at Palomar Observatory identified an exoplanet using astrometry in 2009. It is a gas giant (about 6x Jupiter’s mass) called VB 10b and is about 20 light-years away in the constellation Aquila. It is orbit ...
1. dia - uri=members.iif
... Brahe`s catalogue was the key for Kepler. Now calles Kepler`s three laws, discribing the planetary orbits. The most significant law states that rather than moving in Sun-centered circles, each planet moves in a Sun-focused ellipse. 8. Activity Together with members of your class, lay out the sca ...
... Brahe`s catalogue was the key for Kepler. Now calles Kepler`s three laws, discribing the planetary orbits. The most significant law states that rather than moving in Sun-centered circles, each planet moves in a Sun-focused ellipse. 8. Activity Together with members of your class, lay out the sca ...
ppt-file 2.4 MB
... have a better chance." The 47 UMa system intrigues experts because the star has roughly the same mass, age and spectrum as the Sun. Moreover, it hosts two giant gas planets, analogous to Jupiter and Saturn. It is thought that such large planets help to shelter Earth from bombardment by comets and as ...
... have a better chance." The 47 UMa system intrigues experts because the star has roughly the same mass, age and spectrum as the Sun. Moreover, it hosts two giant gas planets, analogous to Jupiter and Saturn. It is thought that such large planets help to shelter Earth from bombardment by comets and as ...
• “Libration” We`re seeing a bit more than one hemisphere because
... Aristotle: Sun, Moon, Planets and Stars rotate around fixed Earth. Aristarchus: Used geometry of eclipses to show Sun bigger than Earth (and Moon smaller), so guessed that Earth orbits the Sun. Also guessed Earth spins on its axis once a day => apparent motion of stars. Aristotle: But there's no win ...
... Aristotle: Sun, Moon, Planets and Stars rotate around fixed Earth. Aristarchus: Used geometry of eclipses to show Sun bigger than Earth (and Moon smaller), so guessed that Earth orbits the Sun. Also guessed Earth spins on its axis once a day => apparent motion of stars. Aristotle: But there's no win ...
What makes a planet habitable?
... So how is the search going? In just over 20 years of exploration, ground and space-based observations have turned up more than 3,200 confirmed planets, and these were found in just the few slices of the Milky Way we’ve been able to search. Add unconfirmed planetary candidates and the number jumps to m ...
... So how is the search going? In just over 20 years of exploration, ground and space-based observations have turned up more than 3,200 confirmed planets, and these were found in just the few slices of the Milky Way we’ve been able to search. Add unconfirmed planetary candidates and the number jumps to m ...
Astronomy 360 - indstate.edu
... football field is about 1 arc minute across. • Each minute of arc is divided into 60 seconds of arc • The ball in the tip of a ballpoint pen viewed from across the length of a football field is about 1 arc second across. • The Sun and Moon are both about 0.5 degrees. • Bowl of the Big Dipper is abou ...
... football field is about 1 arc minute across. • Each minute of arc is divided into 60 seconds of arc • The ball in the tip of a ballpoint pen viewed from across the length of a football field is about 1 arc second across. • The Sun and Moon are both about 0.5 degrees. • Bowl of the Big Dipper is abou ...
Spectroscopy
... If we see the star wiggle between red and blueshift over a period of years, we know planets must be orbiting the star. ...
... If we see the star wiggle between red and blueshift over a period of years, we know planets must be orbiting the star. ...
here - Stargazers Club
... Wobble method - an orbiting planet will pull on its star, causing it to wobble as it rotates. We can detect this wiggle in the light we receive from it Most planets found are the size of Jupiter Big dog/small dog pulling on owner is like the Earth on sun - extremely hard to detect Transit Method - a ...
... Wobble method - an orbiting planet will pull on its star, causing it to wobble as it rotates. We can detect this wiggle in the light we receive from it Most planets found are the size of Jupiter Big dog/small dog pulling on owner is like the Earth on sun - extremely hard to detect Transit Method - a ...
Chapter 3 The Science of Astronomy In what ways do all humans
... arcminute) naked eye measurements ever made of planetary positions. • Still could not detect stellar parallax, and thus still thought Earth must be at center of solar system (but recognized that other planets go around Sun) • Hired Kepler, who used Tycho’s observations to discover the truth about pl ...
... arcminute) naked eye measurements ever made of planetary positions. • Still could not detect stellar parallax, and thus still thought Earth must be at center of solar system (but recognized that other planets go around Sun) • Hired Kepler, who used Tycho’s observations to discover the truth about pl ...
Lecture 1
... Rapidly developing subject - first extrasolar planet around an ordinary star only discovered in 1995 by Mayor & Queloz. Observations are secure, but theory is still developing ... http://star-www.st-and.ac.uk/~srk1/as3012/ ...
... Rapidly developing subject - first extrasolar planet around an ordinary star only discovered in 1995 by Mayor & Queloz. Observations are secure, but theory is still developing ... http://star-www.st-and.ac.uk/~srk1/as3012/ ...
Astronomy Library wk 4 .cwk (WP)
... However, because the orbits are actually elliptical, the Also, provides natural explanations for many aspects of the planetary motions which are puzzling in model still used some small epicycles. Ptolemy’s system: Why does the sun’s period (1 year) show up in all of the other planet’s motions in Pto ...
... However, because the orbits are actually elliptical, the Also, provides natural explanations for many aspects of the planetary motions which are puzzling in model still used some small epicycles. Ptolemy’s system: Why does the sun’s period (1 year) show up in all of the other planet’s motions in Pto ...
Observing the Solar System
... – They can be moved close together or far apart – They are linked together, so they can be used individually or as one giant telescope 25km in diameter. ...
... – They can be moved close together or far apart – They are linked together, so they can be used individually or as one giant telescope 25km in diameter. ...
Kepler (spacecraft)
Kepler is a space observatory launched by NASA to discover Earth-like planets orbiting other stars. The spacecraft, named after the German Renaissance astronomer Johannes Kepler, was launched on March 7, 2009.Designed to survey a portion of our region of the Milky Way to discover dozens of Earth-size extrasolar planets in or near the habitable zone and estimate how many of the billions of stars in the Milky Way have such planets, Kepler's sole instrument is a photometer that continually monitors the brightness of over 145,000 main sequence stars in a fixed field of view. This data is transmitted to Earth, then analyzed to detect periodic dimming caused by extrasolar planets that cross in front of their host star.Kepler is part of NASA's Discovery Program of relatively low-cost, focused primary science missions. The telescope's construction and initial operation were managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, with Ball Aerospace responsible for developing the Kepler flight system. The Ames Research Center is responsible for the ground system development, mission operations since December 2009, and scientific data analysis. The initial planned lifetime was 3.5 years, but greater-than-expected noise in the data, from both the stars and the spacecraft, meant additional time was needed to fulfill all mission goals. Initially, in 2012, the mission was expected to last until 2016, but this would only have been possible if all remaining reaction wheels used for pointing the spacecraft remained reliable. On May 11, 2013, a second of four reaction wheels failed, disabling the collection of science data and threatening the continuation of the mission.On August 15, 2013, NASA announced that they had given up trying to fix the two failed reaction wheels. This meant the current mission needed to be modified, but it did not necessarily mean the end of planet-hunting. NASA had asked the space science community to propose alternative mission plans ""potentially including an exoplanet search, using the remaining two good reaction wheels and thrusters"". On November 18, 2013, the K2 ""Second Light"" proposal was reported. This would include utilizing the disabled Kepler in a way that could detect habitable planets around smaller, dimmer red dwarfs. On May 16, 2014, NASA announced the approval of the K2 extension.As of January 2015, Kepler and its follow-up observations had found 1,013 confirmed exoplanets in about 440 stellar systems, along with a further 3,199 unconfirmed planet candidates. Four planets have been confirmed through Kepler 's K2 mission. In November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way. It is estimated that 11 billion of these planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 3.7 parsecs (12 ly) away, according to the scientists.On January 6, 2015, NASA announced the 1000th confirmed exoplanet discovered by the Kepler Space Telescope. Four of the newly confirmed exoplanets were found to orbit within habitable zones of their related stars: three of the four, Kepler-438b, Kepler-442b and Kepler-452b, are near-Earth-size and likely rocky; the fourth, Kepler-440b, is a super-Earth.