Ch. 27
... Because the outer planets are far from the sun, they are much colder. This allowed them to keep their lighter gasses, plus their accumulated the gasses that ...
... Because the outer planets are far from the sun, they are much colder. This allowed them to keep their lighter gasses, plus their accumulated the gasses that ...
15_LectureOutline
... 15.6 Planets Beyond the Solar System Planets orbiting within 0.1 AU of their stars are called “hot Jupiters”; they are not included in the previous figure but are numerous. Stars with composition like our Sun are much more likely to have planets, showing that the “dusty disk” theory is plausible. S ...
... 15.6 Planets Beyond the Solar System Planets orbiting within 0.1 AU of their stars are called “hot Jupiters”; they are not included in the previous figure but are numerous. Stars with composition like our Sun are much more likely to have planets, showing that the “dusty disk” theory is plausible. S ...
Astro 27 Solar System Formation and ExoPlanets Slide Show
... So, the Doppler Shifts of the parent star would be tiny. Even mighty Jupiter is only 1/1000 the mass of the sun. It moves at a speed of 12.7 km/sec in its orbit, so the sun moves only 1/1000 of that, or 13 meters/sec So v/c is 4x10-8 or 40 billionths or 1 part in 25 million!! Wavelength shifts of on ...
... So, the Doppler Shifts of the parent star would be tiny. Even mighty Jupiter is only 1/1000 the mass of the sun. It moves at a speed of 12.7 km/sec in its orbit, so the sun moves only 1/1000 of that, or 13 meters/sec So v/c is 4x10-8 or 40 billionths or 1 part in 25 million!! Wavelength shifts of on ...
Testing
... another object. B. The gravity of the other object forces the planet to move inward. C. It gains mass from the other object, causing its gravitational pull to become stronger. ...
... another object. B. The gravity of the other object forces the planet to move inward. C. It gains mass from the other object, causing its gravitational pull to become stronger. ...
From Dust to Planets - International Space Science Institute
... first (Figure 8). It is therefore important that the seed body reaches critical mass rapidly hence relatively high surface densities of solids are required. This explains why giant planets were believed to form only sufficiently far away from the star where ices and not just silicates are present. ...
... first (Figure 8). It is therefore important that the seed body reaches critical mass rapidly hence relatively high surface densities of solids are required. This explains why giant planets were believed to form only sufficiently far away from the star where ices and not just silicates are present. ...
Slide 1
... K-M stars: ~90% of all stars Timescales Life span of 20-600 billion years; 2-60 times the Sun’s lifespan! Radiation Sterilizing ultraviolet radiation produced in dangerous flares that may be blocked by a resultant ozone. Most of the radiation is produced at low energies (red, infrared) that does not ...
... K-M stars: ~90% of all stars Timescales Life span of 20-600 billion years; 2-60 times the Sun’s lifespan! Radiation Sterilizing ultraviolet radiation produced in dangerous flares that may be blocked by a resultant ozone. Most of the radiation is produced at low energies (red, infrared) that does not ...
Planets of Our, and Other, Solar Systems
... • Once the core grows past ~0.5-1 mile across, gravity becomes significant and accelerates the process. • Growth rate goes as radius to the 4th power (for constant density). • So, those cores which get to the self-gravity point first, quickly run away and dominate the growth, accreting the rest. • T ...
... • Once the core grows past ~0.5-1 mile across, gravity becomes significant and accelerates the process. • Growth rate goes as radius to the 4th power (for constant density). • So, those cores which get to the self-gravity point first, quickly run away and dominate the growth, accreting the rest. • T ...
Spectral fingerprinting student project
... scientists may soon be hot on its trail. In 1995, the first planet around another sun-like star was discovered by astronomers using Doppler detection—a method that scientists have used to reveal Saturn-sized (or larger) planets close to their parent suns. Today, astronomers know of more than 100 can ...
... scientists may soon be hot on its trail. In 1995, the first planet around another sun-like star was discovered by astronomers using Doppler detection—a method that scientists have used to reveal Saturn-sized (or larger) planets close to their parent suns. Today, astronomers know of more than 100 can ...
Chapter 20
... four closely spaced stars (or brown dwarfs) in it, while a system with one star and three planets is reasonable. One of Upsilon Andromedae’s planets even has an orbit that corresponds to Venus’s in our Solar System, not as elliptical as the orbits of the planets around other stars. ...
... four closely spaced stars (or brown dwarfs) in it, while a system with one star and three planets is reasonable. One of Upsilon Andromedae’s planets even has an orbit that corresponds to Venus’s in our Solar System, not as elliptical as the orbits of the planets around other stars. ...
Circumstellar habitable zone
In astronomy and astrobiology, the circumstellar habitable zone (CHZ), or simply the habitable zone, is the region around a star within which planetary-mass objects with sufficient atmospheric pressure can support liquid water at their surfaces. The bounds of the CHZ are calculated using the known requirements of Earth's biosphere, its position in the Solar System and the amount of radiant energy it receives from the Sun. Due to the importance of liquid water to life as it exists on Earth, the nature of the CHZ and the objects within is believed to be instrumental in determining the scope and distribution of Earth-like extraterrestrial life and intelligence.The habitable zone is also called the Goldilocks zone, a metaphor of the children's fairy tale of Goldilocks and the Three Bears, in which a little girl chooses from sets of three items, ignoring the ones that are too extreme (large or small, hot or cold, etc.), and settling on the one in the middle, which is ""just right"".Since the concept was first presented in 1953, stars have been confirmed to possess a CHZ planet, including some systems that consist of multiple CHZ planets. Most such planets, being super-Earths or gas giants, are more massive than Earth, because such planets are easier to detect. On November 4, 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs in the Milky Way. 11 billion of these may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists. The CHZ is also of particular interest to the emerging field of habitability of natural satellites, because planetary-mass moons in the CHZ might outnumber planets.In subsequent decades, the CHZ concept began to be challenged as a primary criterion for life. Since the discovery of evidence for extraterrestrial liquid water, substantial quantities of it are now believed to occur outside the circumstellar habitable zone. Sustained by other energy sources, such as tidal heating or radioactive decay or pressurized by other non-atmospheric means, the basic conditions for water-dependent life may be found even in interstellar space, on rogue planets, or their moons. In addition, other circumstellar zones, where non-water solvents favorable to hypothetical life based on alternative biochemistries could exist in liquid form at the surface, have been proposed.