night watch - Warren Astronomical Society
									
... Pluto will reach perihelion, its closest possible distance from the Sun in 1989. Its orbit is so eccentric that for many years at the end of this century, up to 1998, the planet will be on the part of its orbit that is inside the orbit of Neptune. So in a sense, Pluto will be the eighth planet for a ...
                        	... Pluto will reach perihelion, its closest possible distance from the Sun in 1989. Its orbit is so eccentric that for many years at the end of this century, up to 1998, the planet will be on the part of its orbit that is inside the orbit of Neptune. So in a sense, Pluto will be the eighth planet for a ...
									PH607lec11-4gal2
									
... Low Surface brightness galaxies (LSB)  Very difficult to detect!  Need dedicated surveys ...
                        	... Low Surface brightness galaxies (LSB)  Very difficult to detect!  Need dedicated surveys ...
									Stellar Evolution of low and intermediate mass stars
									
... A convection zone appears and dredges up processes material to the envelope -- C and O rich stars – reduces the mass of the core ...
                        	... A convection zone appears and dredges up processes material to the envelope -- C and O rich stars – reduces the mass of the core ...
									55-80 BIOGRAPHY_of_A STAR
									
... enough for helium fusion to begin? A. Helium fusion slowly starts up B. Hydrogen fusion stops C. Helium fusion (triple alpha) starts very sharply Hint: this is a strong reaction (no neutrinos) once the temperature is hot enough to overcome ...
                        	... enough for helium fusion to begin? A. Helium fusion slowly starts up B. Hydrogen fusion stops C. Helium fusion (triple alpha) starts very sharply Hint: this is a strong reaction (no neutrinos) once the temperature is hot enough to overcome ...
									Identifying the rotation rate and the presence of dynamic
									
... Several considerations need to be taken into account before we can realistically analyze our simulations in terms of the Earth as an exoplanet. A space telescope intending to the search for exoplanets will have a long list of target stars to observe during the planned mission life time (of order a f ...
                        	... Several considerations need to be taken into account before we can realistically analyze our simulations in terms of the Earth as an exoplanet. A space telescope intending to the search for exoplanets will have a long list of target stars to observe during the planned mission life time (of order a f ...
									Migration of giant planets in planetesimal discs
									
... orbits of planets could become unstable if the orbital radii evolve secularly at different rates or if the masses increase significantly as the planets accrete their gaseous envelopes (Lissauer 1993). In this model, the gravitational interaction between two planets, during evolution, (Gladman 1993; ...
                        	... orbits of planets could become unstable if the orbital radii evolve secularly at different rates or if the masses increase significantly as the planets accrete their gaseous envelopes (Lissauer 1993). In this model, the gravitational interaction between two planets, during evolution, (Gladman 1993; ...
									ppt document - FacStaff Home Page for CBU
									
... the different galaxies, it appears that they do NOT evolve from one type into another. Some of the galaxies appear to “collide” with other galaxies as they move, and such a collision may affect the shape. Some of the bigger galaxies may actually “eat” or absorb smaller nearby galaxies. ...
                        	... the different galaxies, it appears that they do NOT evolve from one type into another. Some of the galaxies appear to “collide” with other galaxies as they move, and such a collision may affect the shape. Some of the bigger galaxies may actually “eat” or absorb smaller nearby galaxies. ...
									A cloaking device for transiting planets
									
... A detailed discussion of the engineering requirements is beyond the scope of this work, which merely aims to investigate the first-order feasibility of a cloak. Nevertheless, here we briefly discuss some obvious technical concerns and suggest they are tractable. The monochromatic nature of lasers at ...
                        	... A detailed discussion of the engineering requirements is beyond the scope of this work, which merely aims to investigate the first-order feasibility of a cloak. Nevertheless, here we briefly discuss some obvious technical concerns and suggest they are tractable. The monochromatic nature of lasers at ...
									Neutron star masses: dwarfs, giants and neighbors
									
... consistent with estimates of the formation rate of magnetars. However, our analysis of the binarity of newly-born compact objects with short rotational periods indicates that the fraction of binaries among them substantially exceeds the observational estimates. To bring this fraction into agreement ...
                        	... consistent with estimates of the formation rate of magnetars. However, our analysis of the binarity of newly-born compact objects with short rotational periods indicates that the fraction of binaries among them substantially exceeds the observational estimates. To bring this fraction into agreement ...
									Hertzsprung–Russell diagram - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
									
... conflict over the age of the Solar System between astronomers, and biologists and geologists who had evidence that the Earth was far older than that. This conflict was only resolved in the 1930s when nuclear fusion was identified as the source of stellar energy. However, following Russell's presenta ...
                        	... conflict over the age of the Solar System between astronomers, and biologists and geologists who had evidence that the Earth was far older than that. This conflict was only resolved in the 1930s when nuclear fusion was identified as the source of stellar energy. However, following Russell's presenta ...
									Distance Measures: Parallax
									
... parallaxes of stars and thus calculate their distances, we use a "baseline" of the diameter of the Earth's orbit (actually, one-half of this distance or the Astronomical Unit). The background is usually stars much farther away than the star or object in question. From ground-based telescopes, we can ...
                        	... parallaxes of stars and thus calculate their distances, we use a "baseline" of the diameter of the Earth's orbit (actually, one-half of this distance or the Astronomical Unit). The background is usually stars much farther away than the star or object in question. From ground-based telescopes, we can ...
									Application Exercise: Distances to Stars Using Measured Parallax
									
... immediately determine about the relative distances of the two stars? Explain how we know this. ...
                        	... immediately determine about the relative distances of the two stars? Explain how we know this. ...
									31-2 - Fremont Peak Observatory
									
... So if these are not planets and they are not “bright” then what are they? As bright nebulae herald the birth of stars, these herald the death of a star (at least a sun-sized) star. When a solar mass star approaches the end of its life it grows to a red giant in a last attempt to balance gravity and ...
                        	... So if these are not planets and they are not “bright” then what are they? As bright nebulae herald the birth of stars, these herald the death of a star (at least a sun-sized) star. When a solar mass star approaches the end of its life it grows to a red giant in a last attempt to balance gravity and ...
									Delineating the Evolution of Organic Molecular Synthesis
									
... the Sun, and a radius two orders of magnitude greater than the solar radius. The combination of high luminosity and large size causes stellar envelope pulsation [15]. When coupled with pulsation pressure, this results in outer layer ejection in the form of a stellar wind. An AGB star can therefore u ...
                        	... the Sun, and a radius two orders of magnitude greater than the solar radius. The combination of high luminosity and large size causes stellar envelope pulsation [15]. When coupled with pulsation pressure, this results in outer layer ejection in the form of a stellar wind. An AGB star can therefore u ...
									Galileo`s The Starry Messenger
									
... Great indeed are the things which in this brief treatise I propose for observation and consideration by all students of nature. I say great, because of the excellence of the subject itself, the entirely unexpected and novel character of these things, and finally because of the instrument by means of ...
                        	... Great indeed are the things which in this brief treatise I propose for observation and consideration by all students of nature. I say great, because of the excellence of the subject itself, the entirely unexpected and novel character of these things, and finally because of the instrument by means of ...
									Catching Andromeda`s Light
									
... The Earth moves fast around the Sun. But if the Sun had much more mass than it does, the Earth would move much faster. So the very high speed of the stars and gas near Andromeda’s center means there must be so much mass that it’s a black hole! Astronomers calculate that Andromeda’s central black hol ...
                        	... The Earth moves fast around the Sun. But if the Sun had much more mass than it does, the Earth would move much faster. So the very high speed of the stars and gas near Andromeda’s center means there must be so much mass that it’s a black hole! Astronomers calculate that Andromeda’s central black hol ...
									200 THE COPERNICAN REVOLUTION the opposition to
									
... investigated and corrected many errors that developed in using these instruments, establishing a whole series of new techniques for the collection of accurate information about the position of planets and stars. Most important of all, he began the practice of making regular observations of planets a ...
                        	... investigated and corrected many errors that developed in using these instruments, establishing a whole series of new techniques for the collection of accurate information about the position of planets and stars. Most important of all, he began the practice of making regular observations of planets a ...
									ph600-12 - University of Kent
									
... a singular isothermal sphere as the initial state of the core that undergoes collapse, as described by Shu. We include the evolution of a first hydrostatic core at early times and allow a disk to grow, as predicted by Adams & Shu. We use a onedimensional radiative transfer code to calculate the spec ...
                        	... a singular isothermal sphere as the initial state of the core that undergoes collapse, as described by Shu. We include the evolution of a first hydrostatic core at early times and allow a disk to grow, as predicted by Adams & Shu. We use a onedimensional radiative transfer code to calculate the spec ...
									33-3 - Fremont Peak Observatory
									
... This is the time of the year we ask our annual members and those Life Members with Observer Privileges to renew their membership. Membership remains a principal source of income for the Association. The Association remains strong. Our programs were well attended. During 2016 we invested in new and u ...
                        	... This is the time of the year we ask our annual members and those Life Members with Observer Privileges to renew their membership. Membership remains a principal source of income for the Association. The Association remains strong. Our programs were well attended. During 2016 we invested in new and u ...
									PH607lec12-5gal3
									
... Low Surface brightness galaxies (LSB)  Very difficult to detect!  Need dedicated surveys  Recent automated CCD surveys suggest there may be more LSB galaxies than all the other types of galaxy put together Peculiar Galaxies  In particular, interacting galaxies  Many cataloged by Arp in 1966 ...
                        	... Low Surface brightness galaxies (LSB)  Very difficult to detect!  Need dedicated surveys  Recent automated CCD surveys suggest there may be more LSB galaxies than all the other types of galaxy put together Peculiar Galaxies  In particular, interacting galaxies  Many cataloged by Arp in 1966 ...
									Direct Imaging and Spectroscopy of a Candidate Companion Below
									
... data (Currie et al. 2012b, 2013a). As we later found, Ratzka et al. (2005) identified the same 3rd member as a point source from speckle imaging data obtained in 2001. Although they did not estimate the object’s mass, their K-band flux ratio (0.002 ± 0.001) implied a mass below the deuterium-burning ...
                        	... data (Currie et al. 2012b, 2013a). As we later found, Ratzka et al. (2005) identified the same 3rd member as a point source from speckle imaging data obtained in 2001. Although they did not estimate the object’s mass, their K-band flux ratio (0.002 ± 0.001) implied a mass below the deuterium-burning ...