The Formation of Planetary Systems
... The origin of the planets and their moons is a complex and as yet incompletely solved puzzle, although the basic outlines of the processes involved are becoming understood. • (Sec. 6.7) Most of our knowledge of the solar system’s formative stages has emerged from studies of interstellar gas clouds, ...
... The origin of the planets and their moons is a complex and as yet incompletely solved puzzle, although the basic outlines of the processes involved are becoming understood. • (Sec. 6.7) Most of our knowledge of the solar system’s formative stages has emerged from studies of interstellar gas clouds, ...
Document
... • A Bok globule discovered in 1919 by Barnard • Contains a few solar masses of molecular gas and is gravitationally bound ...
... • A Bok globule discovered in 1919 by Barnard • Contains a few solar masses of molecular gas and is gravitationally bound ...
The Neptune Trojans – a new source for the
... dynamically cold orbits, trapped in Neptune’s 1:1 MMR at the start of the integrations) and a vast swathe of objects located in a trans-Neptunian disk, tracking each individual test particle until it was either ejected from the system or collided with one of the massive bodies. For more detail on th ...
... dynamically cold orbits, trapped in Neptune’s 1:1 MMR at the start of the integrations) and a vast swathe of objects located in a trans-Neptunian disk, tracking each individual test particle until it was either ejected from the system or collided with one of the massive bodies. For more detail on th ...
Main-belt comets as tracers of ice in the inner Solar system
... be highly improbable for impacts to occur on the same object on three separate occasions in just 11 years, each time at a similar location in the object’s orbit, when impacts are not seen to occur at anywhere near that frequency or regularity on other main-belt asteroids. The ability to accurately i ...
... be highly improbable for impacts to occur on the same object on three separate occasions in just 11 years, each time at a similar location in the object’s orbit, when impacts are not seen to occur at anywhere near that frequency or regularity on other main-belt asteroids. The ability to accurately i ...
Astronomy
... yrs so why are they still here? • They are replenished from the Kuiper belt • This has been directly observed • It is a reservoir of objects outside the orbit of Neptune (30 AU) to beyond Pluto (55 AU) • Objects can live here indefinitely – It’s cold enough out there – Sun’s heat doesn’t break them ...
... yrs so why are they still here? • They are replenished from the Kuiper belt • This has been directly observed • It is a reservoir of objects outside the orbit of Neptune (30 AU) to beyond Pluto (55 AU) • Objects can live here indefinitely – It’s cold enough out there – Sun’s heat doesn’t break them ...
Lecture 15: Small Solar System Bodies
... • Each year Earth sweeps up ~80,000 tons of extraterrestrial matter, from microscopic dust particles to large rocks • Some are identifiable pieces of the Moon, Mars, or Vesta; most are pieces of asteroids • Meteorites were broken off their parent bodies 10 s to 100 s of million years ago (recentl ...
... • Each year Earth sweeps up ~80,000 tons of extraterrestrial matter, from microscopic dust particles to large rocks • Some are identifiable pieces of the Moon, Mars, or Vesta; most are pieces of asteroids • Meteorites were broken off their parent bodies 10 s to 100 s of million years ago (recentl ...
Pluto and the Galactic Center
... ever closer to the Sun.5 According to this hypothesis, evidently cosmic evolution began with Pluto – or with the entire Kuiper belt of which Pluto is a part – and began contracting from here. In light of this hypothesis, Pluto and the Plutinos and all other objects belonging to the Kuiper belt and b ...
... ever closer to the Sun.5 According to this hypothesis, evidently cosmic evolution began with Pluto – or with the entire Kuiper belt of which Pluto is a part – and began contracting from here. In light of this hypothesis, Pluto and the Plutinos and all other objects belonging to the Kuiper belt and b ...
Document
... Conclusions on migration JCOs and TNOs to the Earth • Results of our runs testify in favor of at least one of these conclusions: •1) the fraction of 1-km former trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) among nearEarth objects (NEOs) can exceed several tens of percents, •2) the number of TNOs migrating inside ...
... Conclusions on migration JCOs and TNOs to the Earth • Results of our runs testify in favor of at least one of these conclusions: •1) the fraction of 1-km former trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) among nearEarth objects (NEOs) can exceed several tens of percents, •2) the number of TNOs migrating inside ...
CONCEPT 1 Inner versus Outer Planets
... and the Sun. These planets are much larger than the inner planets and are made primarily of gases and liquids, so they are also called gas giants. The gas giants are made up primarily of hydrogen and helium, the same elements that make up most of the Sun. Astronomers think that hydrogen and helium g ...
... and the Sun. These planets are much larger than the inner planets and are made primarily of gases and liquids, so they are also called gas giants. The gas giants are made up primarily of hydrogen and helium, the same elements that make up most of the Sun. Astronomers think that hydrogen and helium g ...
Former PARI students shine at AAS PARI Calendar
... they swing far out in the solar system, spend a long time in the cold, dark depths of space, and then, under the influence of the gravity of the sun, periodically fall into the inner solar system to quickly whip around the sun and once again disappear into the depths of space. Some come back in a s ...
... they swing far out in the solar system, spend a long time in the cold, dark depths of space, and then, under the influence of the gravity of the sun, periodically fall into the inner solar system to quickly whip around the sun and once again disappear into the depths of space. Some come back in a s ...
Chapter9- Asteroids, Comets, Dwarf Planets-pptx
... What have we learned? • How big can a comet be? – The Kuiper Belt from which comets come contains objects as large as Pluto. – Pluto and other "dwarf planets" are more like large comets than like major planets. • What are Pluto and other large objects of the Kuiper Belt like? – Large objects in the ...
... What have we learned? • How big can a comet be? – The Kuiper Belt from which comets come contains objects as large as Pluto. – Pluto and other "dwarf planets" are more like large comets than like major planets. • What are Pluto and other large objects of the Kuiper Belt like? – Large objects in the ...
Chapter 1 LONG-TERM VARIATIONS IN THE GALACTIC
... the star formation in the vicinity of the moving solar system. This should record passages through galactic spiral arms. On longer time scales, of order 109 yr or longer, mixing is efficient enough to homogenize the azimuthal distribution in the Galaxy (Wielen, 1977). In other words, the long-term s ...
... the star formation in the vicinity of the moving solar system. This should record passages through galactic spiral arms. On longer time scales, of order 109 yr or longer, mixing is efficient enough to homogenize the azimuthal distribution in the Galaxy (Wielen, 1977). In other words, the long-term s ...
Gresham College
... Solar System, it will start to accelerate under the influence of the Sun’s powerful gravity. Faster and faster it moves, plunging down towards the Sun. Some comets collide with the Sun. The majority of “first time” comets manage to get back whence they came. But a few are trapped close to the Sun wh ...
... Solar System, it will start to accelerate under the influence of the Sun’s powerful gravity. Faster and faster it moves, plunging down towards the Sun. Some comets collide with the Sun. The majority of “first time” comets manage to get back whence they came. But a few are trapped close to the Sun wh ...
Binary Star Formation Part 2
... ¤ Create binaries with separations of 3-300AU ¤ When initial clouds have larger magnetic energies in relation to the rotational energies ¤ Fragmentation occurs only in the high density phase ¤ Create very close binaries 0.007–0.3 AU ¤ No fragmentation occurs in the case of sufficiently str ...
... ¤ Create binaries with separations of 3-300AU ¤ When initial clouds have larger magnetic energies in relation to the rotational energies ¤ Fragmentation occurs only in the high density phase ¤ Create very close binaries 0.007–0.3 AU ¤ No fragmentation occurs in the case of sufficiently str ...
isaac newton`s historia cometarum and the quest for elliptical orbits
... paths, and the approximate anti-solar nature of the tail, presaged arguments placing comets in the midst of the planetary region. Since Flamsteed and nearly all of their contemporaries agreed with that placement, it is likely Newton was contemplating a private demonstration against those who had ign ...
... paths, and the approximate anti-solar nature of the tail, presaged arguments placing comets in the midst of the planetary region. Since Flamsteed and nearly all of their contemporaries agreed with that placement, it is likely Newton was contemplating a private demonstration against those who had ign ...
How we found about COMETS
... planets go around the Sun in ellipses instead of circles (or some other curve)? Why did planets move faster when they were nearer the Sun than when they were further away? These questions and many others were answered by the English scientist Isaac Newton. In 1687, he published a book in which he de ...
... planets go around the Sun in ellipses instead of circles (or some other curve)? Why did planets move faster when they were nearer the Sun than when they were further away? These questions and many others were answered by the English scientist Isaac Newton. In 1687, he published a book in which he de ...
OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
... define a star’s “habitable zone” — a range of orbital distances where liquid water potentially could exist — as a way to identify exoplanets that may be capable of supporting life as we understand it. While we can quibble with the definition — perhaps there’s a biology that uses solvents other than ...
... define a star’s “habitable zone” — a range of orbital distances where liquid water potentially could exist — as a way to identify exoplanets that may be capable of supporting life as we understand it. While we can quibble with the definition — perhaps there’s a biology that uses solvents other than ...
Chapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems
... collisions. Need formation theory that explains this. •! Condensation theory is the current favorite—large cloud of interstellar gas and dust starts to collapse, the Sun forms at the center, residual gas and dust remain in a rotating disk. Dust particles act as accretion nuclei to form the planets, ...
... collisions. Need formation theory that explains this. •! Condensation theory is the current favorite—large cloud of interstellar gas and dust starts to collapse, the Sun forms at the center, residual gas and dust remain in a rotating disk. Dust particles act as accretion nuclei to form the planets, ...
Chapter 15 The Formation of Planetary Systems
... collisions. Need formation theory that explains this. • Condensation theory is the current favorite—large cloud of interstellar gas and dust starts to collapse, the Sun forms at the center, residual gas and dust remain in a rotating disk. Dust particles act as accretion nuclei to form the planets, b ...
... collisions. Need formation theory that explains this. • Condensation theory is the current favorite—large cloud of interstellar gas and dust starts to collapse, the Sun forms at the center, residual gas and dust remain in a rotating disk. Dust particles act as accretion nuclei to form the planets, b ...
the magellanic clouds newsletter - Keele University Astrophysics
... Symbiotic stars are long-orbital-period interacting-binaries characterized by extended emission over the whole electromagnetic range and by complex photometric and spectroscopic variability. In this paper, the first of a series, we present OGLE light curves of all the confirmed symbiotic stars in th ...
... Symbiotic stars are long-orbital-period interacting-binaries characterized by extended emission over the whole electromagnetic range and by complex photometric and spectroscopic variability. In this paper, the first of a series, we present OGLE light curves of all the confirmed symbiotic stars in th ...
On the chaotic orbit of comet 29P/Schwassmann
... (Cochran et al., 2000; Cochran, 2002; Korsun et al., 2008; Ivanova et al., 2016). We cannot exclude either the CO2 variant as a source of the comet activity. But the abundance of gaseous CO2 appears to be much lower than that of CO, as shown by Woodney & Fernandez (2006) who used the Spitzer in a se ...
... (Cochran et al., 2000; Cochran, 2002; Korsun et al., 2008; Ivanova et al., 2016). We cannot exclude either the CO2 variant as a source of the comet activity. But the abundance of gaseous CO2 appears to be much lower than that of CO, as shown by Woodney & Fernandez (2006) who used the Spitzer in a se ...
MESSIER - EarthLink
... 1758, whilst observing the comet of that year. This nebula had such a resemblance to a comet in its form and brightness that I endeavored to find others, so that astronomers would no more confuse these same nebulae with comets just beginning to appear. I observed further with suitable refractors for ...
... 1758, whilst observing the comet of that year. This nebula had such a resemblance to a comet in its form and brightness that I endeavored to find others, so that astronomers would no more confuse these same nebulae with comets just beginning to appear. I observed further with suitable refractors for ...
Professor Comet: March, 2017
... These are nearby comets that reside between the boundary of the inner and outer planetary solar system with orbital periods between 3 – 20 years. There current orbits are influenced by the strong gravitational field of Jupiter which can adjust all or most of the orbital parameters of these bodies ar ...
... These are nearby comets that reside between the boundary of the inner and outer planetary solar system with orbital periods between 3 – 20 years. There current orbits are influenced by the strong gravitational field of Jupiter which can adjust all or most of the orbital parameters of these bodies ar ...
Asteroids and Meteoroids
... has been suggested that asteroids are the remains of a planet that was destroyed in a massive collision, it is more likely that they represent material that never coalesced into a planet. If the estimated total mass of all asteroids was gathered into a single object, the object would be less than ha ...
... has been suggested that asteroids are the remains of a planet that was destroyed in a massive collision, it is more likely that they represent material that never coalesced into a planet. If the estimated total mass of all asteroids was gathered into a single object, the object would be less than ha ...
The star-forming content of the W3 giant molecular cloud
... variations in the stellar IMF (Massey 2003). Turbulent fragmentation models of star formation (e.g. Padoan & Nordlund 2002) predict that complete Salpeterlike mass functions of gravitationally bound dense clumps will form spontanously in molecular clouds with driven turbulence. Such models also sugg ...
... variations in the stellar IMF (Massey 2003). Turbulent fragmentation models of star formation (e.g. Padoan & Nordlund 2002) predict that complete Salpeterlike mass functions of gravitationally bound dense clumps will form spontanously in molecular clouds with driven turbulence. Such models also sugg ...
Oort cloud
The Oort cloud (/ˈɔrt/ or /ˈʊərt/) or Öpik–Oort cloud, named after Dutch astronomer Jan Oort and Estonian astronomer Ernst Öpik, is a theoretical spherical cloud of predominantly icy planetesimals believed to surround the Sun at a distance of up to around 100,000 AU (2 ly). This places it at almost half of the distance to Proxima Centauri, the nearest star to the Sun, and in interstellar space. The Kuiper belt and the scattered disc, the other two reservoirs of trans-Neptunian objects, are less than one thousandth as far from the Sun as the Oort cloud. The outer limit of the Oort cloud defines the cosmographical boundary of the Solar System and the region of the Sun's gravitational dominance.The Oort cloud is thought to comprise two regions: a spherical outer Oort cloud and a disc-shaped inner Oort cloud, or Hills cloud. Objects in the Oort cloud are largely composed of ices, such as water, ammonia, and methane.Astronomers conjecture that the matter composing the Oort cloud formed closer to the Sun and was scattered far into space by the gravitational effects of the giant planets early in the Solar System's evolution. Although no confirmed direct observations of the Oort cloud have been made, it may be the source of all long-period and Halley-type comets entering the inner Solar System, and many of the centaurs and Jupiter-family comets as well. The outer Oort cloud is only loosely bound to the Solar System, and thus is easily affected by the gravitational pull both of passing stars and of the Milky Way itself. These forces occasionally dislodge comets from their orbits within the cloud and send them towards the inner Solar System. Based on their orbits, most of the short-period comets may come from the scattered disc, but some may still have originated from the Oort cloud.