ExoOrg_NAI
... that pre-dated Solar System formation, along with material processed in the Solar Nebula.6 Aspects of such processing are illustrated in Figure 1.0. Detailed study of interstellar ices has advanced greatly in recent years7 with enhanced theoretical models and laboratory analogs, as well as with remo ...
... that pre-dated Solar System formation, along with material processed in the Solar Nebula.6 Aspects of such processing are illustrated in Figure 1.0. Detailed study of interstellar ices has advanced greatly in recent years7 with enhanced theoretical models and laboratory analogs, as well as with remo ...
Advances in exoplanet science from Kepler
... Kepler’s primary mission is to conduct a statistical census of the abundance of planets as a function of planetary size, orbital period and stellar type. Kepler has found that planets are common, with the number of planets in the extended solar neighborhood of our Galaxy being comparable to or large ...
... Kepler’s primary mission is to conduct a statistical census of the abundance of planets as a function of planetary size, orbital period and stellar type. Kepler has found that planets are common, with the number of planets in the extended solar neighborhood of our Galaxy being comparable to or large ...
Catch a Comet - Innovative Teachers BG
... became clear that composition of the motes is similar to material of asteroid from the Solar system. It is said, that tails are nothing visible, but they can be watched because of the illumination of the gas and dust. The illumination is connected with the ionization of the gas by the ultraviolet ra ...
... became clear that composition of the motes is similar to material of asteroid from the Solar system. It is said, that tails are nothing visible, but they can be watched because of the illumination of the gas and dust. The illumination is connected with the ionization of the gas by the ultraviolet ra ...
Reassessing the formation of the inner Oort cloud
... of the molecular cloud gas was 5000 M⊙ pc−3 . Their simulations formed a dense inner Oort cloud where the comets had semi-major axes of a few hundred to a few thousand astronomical units. The outer edge of this cloud was dependent on the density of gas and stars in the cluster. The most interesting ...
... of the molecular cloud gas was 5000 M⊙ pc−3 . Their simulations formed a dense inner Oort cloud where the comets had semi-major axes of a few hundred to a few thousand astronomical units. The outer edge of this cloud was dependent on the density of gas and stars in the cluster. The most interesting ...
Hands-On Activities
... whole universe. Today, we can observe the splendor of galaxies far beyond our own. We can see the estimated 100 billion galaxies that make up our “observable universe.” For more information on the “observable universe, refer to the Vocabulary section of this activity. A model is a simplified imitati ...
... whole universe. Today, we can observe the splendor of galaxies far beyond our own. We can see the estimated 100 billion galaxies that make up our “observable universe.” For more information on the “observable universe, refer to the Vocabulary section of this activity. A model is a simplified imitati ...
The Sun
... • The corona is very hot, but it is not very bright. – Its density is very low, only 106 atoms/cm3 in its lower regions. – That is about a trillion times less dense than the air you breathe. – In its outer layers, the corona contains only 1 to 10 atoms/cm3, less dense than the best vacuum on Earth. ...
... • The corona is very hot, but it is not very bright. – Its density is very low, only 106 atoms/cm3 in its lower regions. – That is about a trillion times less dense than the air you breathe. – In its outer layers, the corona contains only 1 to 10 atoms/cm3, less dense than the best vacuum on Earth. ...
The Occurrence and Architecture of Exoplanetary Systems
... the planetary orbit be oriented nearly perpendicular to the sky plane, there are strong biases favoring large planets in tight orbits. In an idealized wide-field imaging survey, the effective number of stars that can be searched for transits varies as the orbital distance to the 5/2 power and the pl ...
... the planetary orbit be oriented nearly perpendicular to the sky plane, there are strong biases favoring large planets in tight orbits. In an idealized wide-field imaging survey, the effective number of stars that can be searched for transits varies as the orbital distance to the 5/2 power and the pl ...
Former PARI students shine at AAS PARI Calendar
... Now, however, our fascination with comets is simply in the beauty of these visitors to our skies since we know what comets are, how they move, and what they are made of. Or do we? Obviously, we have come a long way from our views of comets as the swords of the gods. We know, for example, that these ...
... Now, however, our fascination with comets is simply in the beauty of these visitors to our skies since we know what comets are, how they move, and what they are made of. Or do we? Obviously, we have come a long way from our views of comets as the swords of the gods. We know, for example, that these ...
The Solar System - Royal Astronomical Society of Canada
... F IG . V III. For the sake of clearness we have shown the earth at the four special positions in the orbit and have indicated the celestial equator in each position by a small ellipse. Our position on the earth at this latitude is near the point where the arrows leave the earth. About March 21 the e ...
... F IG . V III. For the sake of clearness we have shown the earth at the four special positions in the orbit and have indicated the celestial equator in each position by a small ellipse. Our position on the earth at this latitude is near the point where the arrows leave the earth. About March 21 the e ...
Presolar Cloud Collapse and the Formation and Early Evolution of
... Field strengths are found to depend on the density to roughly the 1/2 power, as is predicted to be the case if ambipolar diffusion controls the cloud’s dynamics (Mouschovias, 1991). Ambipolar diffusion is the process of slippage of the primarily neutral gas molecules past the ions, to which the magn ...
... Field strengths are found to depend on the density to roughly the 1/2 power, as is predicted to be the case if ambipolar diffusion controls the cloud’s dynamics (Mouschovias, 1991). Ambipolar diffusion is the process of slippage of the primarily neutral gas molecules past the ions, to which the magn ...
Looking for planets with SPHERE in planetary systems with double
... Debris disks are optically thin, almost gas-free dusty disks observed around a significant fraction of main-sequence stars older than about 10 Myr. Since the circumstellar dust is short-lived, the very existence of these disks is considered as an evidence that dust-producing planetesimals are still ...
... Debris disks are optically thin, almost gas-free dusty disks observed around a significant fraction of main-sequence stars older than about 10 Myr. Since the circumstellar dust is short-lived, the very existence of these disks is considered as an evidence that dust-producing planetesimals are still ...
A Comment on “The Far Future of Exoplanet Direct Characterization
... dust particles in the solar neighborhood is not well constrained (Landgraf et al., 2000; Frisch et al., 2009; Krüger and Grün, 2009). Interstellar particles even larger than the largest inferred from the spacecraft dust detectors (of the order of 40µm in size) may have been detected by meteor radar ...
... dust particles in the solar neighborhood is not well constrained (Landgraf et al., 2000; Frisch et al., 2009; Krüger and Grün, 2009). Interstellar particles even larger than the largest inferred from the spacecraft dust detectors (of the order of 40µm in size) may have been detected by meteor radar ...
Life Beyond Earth Exhibition
... exhibits housed in the Our Place In Space area of the building. Major sections of the exhibition cover the vastness of the universe, places in the solar system where life could exist, the search for exoplanets, and questions that remain to be answered. The exhibit includes several iconic elements. A ...
... exhibits housed in the Our Place In Space area of the building. Major sections of the exhibition cover the vastness of the universe, places in the solar system where life could exist, the search for exoplanets, and questions that remain to be answered. The exhibit includes several iconic elements. A ...
Why is the Sun very dense on the inside?
... a) Yes, because Earth would quickly freeze over. b) Yes, because Earth would no longer be bound to the solar system and would drift into space. c) Yes, because the Sun would collapse and the planets would soon follow. d) No, it takes thousands of years for photons created in nuclear reactions at ...
... a) Yes, because Earth would quickly freeze over. b) Yes, because Earth would no longer be bound to the solar system and would drift into space. c) Yes, because the Sun would collapse and the planets would soon follow. d) No, it takes thousands of years for photons created in nuclear reactions at ...
THE EVOLUTION OF SOLAR FLUX FROM 0.1 nm TO 160μm
... where the scaling parameters α are given in Table 1, but cancel out here, due to the normalization to the modern Sun. It is important to note that Equation (2) is only one part of a competing set of physical process (including strong lines, photospheric models, and a “chromospheric excess”) that wil ...
... where the scaling parameters α are given in Table 1, but cancel out here, due to the normalization to the modern Sun. It is important to note that Equation (2) is only one part of a competing set of physical process (including strong lines, photospheric models, and a “chromospheric excess”) that wil ...
oC - geogreenapps
... pupil examined by the printed, or by extemporaDeoUIJ question&. Thill ia the usual method in tbose lCbools whicb have not the large maps. and in academies and eeminaries where the pupil. Itudy in tbeir rooms, and aee the large mapa ooly in the recitation-room. 2. Wherever the large maps can be obtai ...
... pupil examined by the printed, or by extemporaDeoUIJ question&. Thill ia the usual method in tbose lCbools whicb have not the large maps. and in academies and eeminaries where the pupil. Itudy in tbeir rooms, and aee the large mapa ooly in the recitation-room. 2. Wherever the large maps can be obtai ...
oC - Geogreenapps
... purchase the large maps, it is now issued with the large maps in miniature, interspersed among the leMOns. These being exact copies of the originals, though upon a smaller scale, we have not only a magnificent set of charts for lectures and illustrations in the school-room, but each learner has a se ...
... purchase the large maps, it is now issued with the large maps in miniature, interspersed among the leMOns. These being exact copies of the originals, though upon a smaller scale, we have not only a magnificent set of charts for lectures and illustrations in the school-room, but each learner has a se ...
Thinking Outside the Sphere
... Fludd presents the cosmos as a biblical allegory in this image. The globe of the earth is illustrated with the figures of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden; the narrative of Creation in Genesis is represented by the fish of the sea and birds of the air. The sun, moon, and planets created on the fou ...
... Fludd presents the cosmos as a biblical allegory in this image. The globe of the earth is illustrated with the figures of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden; the narrative of Creation in Genesis is represented by the fish of the sea and birds of the air. The sun, moon, and planets created on the fou ...
Seismic Observations of the Solar Interior
... helium, and heavy elements that survive the Hayashi phase have been suggested (199); these could have had a profound effect on the present structure of the sun. Gravitational settling leading to a helium-rich core has also been discussed (79, 92, 245, 323, 328, 329). Large-scale macroscopic motion i ...
... helium, and heavy elements that survive the Hayashi phase have been suggested (199); these could have had a profound effect on the present structure of the sun. Gravitational settling leading to a helium-rich core has also been discussed (79, 92, 245, 323, 328, 329). Large-scale macroscopic motion i ...
Galactic Chemical Evolution and the Oxygen Isotopic Composition
... clouds may be self-enriched by the very massive stars they spawn. Malinie et al. (1993) proposed that star formation was both heterogeneous and bursting (episodic), and different parts of the galactic disk mix only after 0.1-1 Gyr had elapsed. Thomas et al. (1998) relaxed the IMA, dividing the ISM i ...
... clouds may be self-enriched by the very massive stars they spawn. Malinie et al. (1993) proposed that star formation was both heterogeneous and bursting (episodic), and different parts of the galactic disk mix only after 0.1-1 Gyr had elapsed. Thomas et al. (1998) relaxed the IMA, dividing the ISM i ...
Meteorites: Fragments of Asteroids
... The recovery of 1 Ceres was the beginning of a series of discoveries made over the next 7 years that culminated in the discovery of three additional asteroids: 2 Pallas, 3 Juno, and 4 Vesta. It became apparent that the space between Mars and Jupiter was not the home of a single planet but of several ...
... The recovery of 1 Ceres was the beginning of a series of discoveries made over the next 7 years that culminated in the discovery of three additional asteroids: 2 Pallas, 3 Juno, and 4 Vesta. It became apparent that the space between Mars and Jupiter was not the home of a single planet but of several ...
Meteorites: Fragments of Asteroids - Beck-Shop
... The recovery of 1 Ceres was the beginning of a series of discoveries made over the next 7 years that culminated in the discovery of three additional asteroids: 2 Pallas, 3 Juno, and 4 Vesta. It became apparent that the space between Mars and Jupiter was not the home of a single planet but of several ...
... The recovery of 1 Ceres was the beginning of a series of discoveries made over the next 7 years that culminated in the discovery of three additional asteroids: 2 Pallas, 3 Juno, and 4 Vesta. It became apparent that the space between Mars and Jupiter was not the home of a single planet but of several ...
Other Planetary Systems
... used in star catalogs made by different people at different times in history. A few hundred of the brightest stars in the sky carry names from ancient times. Many of these names are Arabic—such as Betelgeuse, Algol, and Aldebaran—because of the work of the Arabic scholars of the Middle Ages [Section ...
... used in star catalogs made by different people at different times in history. A few hundred of the brightest stars in the sky carry names from ancient times. Many of these names are Arabic—such as Betelgeuse, Algol, and Aldebaran—because of the work of the Arabic scholars of the Middle Ages [Section ...
... Chondrites are meteorites that contain millimeter-sized objects called chondrules. In the 1960s and 70s, there was great hope that chondrules formed directly from the cloud of gas and dust that surrounded the Sun as it was still forming. The intellectual battle was between direct condensation from t ...
Dynamical evolution of planetary systems
... et al., 1996) and becomes a giant planet. The second mechanism invokes the gravitational instability of the gaseous component of the disk (Cameron, 1978): a cold, massive proto-planetary disk can break into a number of self-gravitating gas-clumps, which then contract forming giant gaseous planets (C ...
... et al., 1996) and becomes a giant planet. The second mechanism invokes the gravitational instability of the gaseous component of the disk (Cameron, 1978): a cold, massive proto-planetary disk can break into a number of self-gravitating gas-clumps, which then contract forming giant gaseous planets (C ...
Solar System
The Solar System comprises the Sun and the planetary system that orbits it, either directly or indirectly. Of those objects that orbit the Sun directly, the largest eight are the planets, with the remainder being significantly smaller objects, such as dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies such as comets and asteroids. Of those that orbit the Sun indirectly, two are larger than the smallest planet.The Solar System formed 4.6 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of a giant interstellar molecular cloud. The vast majority of the system's mass is in the Sun, with most of the remaining mass contained in Jupiter. The four smaller inner planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars, are terrestrial planets, being primarily composed of rock and metal. The four outer planets are giant planets, being substantially more massive than the terrestrials. The two largest, Jupiter and Saturn, are gas giants, being composed mainly of hydrogen and helium; the two outermost planets, Uranus and Neptune, are ice giants, being composed largely of substances with relatively high melting points compared with hydrogen and helium, called ices, such as water, ammonia and methane. All planets have almost circular orbits that lie within a nearly flat disc called the ecliptic.The Solar System also contains smaller objects. The asteroid belt, which lies between Mars and Jupiter, mostly contains objects composed, like the terrestrial planets, of rock and metal. Beyond Neptune's orbit lie the Kuiper belt and scattered disc, populations of trans-Neptunian objects composed mostly of ices, and beyond them a newly discovered population of sednoids. Within these populations are several dozen to possibly tens of thousands of objects large enough to have been rounded by their own gravity. Such objects are categorized as dwarf planets. Identified dwarf planets include the asteroid Ceres and the trans-Neptunian objects Pluto and Eris. In addition to these two regions, various other small-body populations, including comets, centaurs and interplanetary dust, freely travel between regions. Six of the planets, at least three of the dwarf planets, and many of the smaller bodies are orbited by natural satellites, usually termed ""moons"" after the Moon. Each of the outer planets is encircled by planetary rings of dust and other small objects.The solar wind, a stream of charged particles flowing outwards from the Sun, creates a bubble-like region in the interstellar medium known as the heliosphere. The heliopause is the point at which pressure from the solar wind is equal to the opposing pressure of interstellar wind; it extends out to the edge of the scattered disc. The Oort cloud, which is believed to be the source for long-period comets, may also exist at a distance roughly a thousand times further than the heliosphere. The Solar System is located in the Orion Arm, 26,000 light-years from the center of the Milky Way.