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Secondary Functions 1 - Appoquinimink High School
Secondary Functions 1 - Appoquinimink High School

... #1. Is the altered chord a major triad or major-minor seventh chord? If not, than it is not a secondary dominant #2. Find the note a P5 below the root of the altered chord #3. Would a major or minor triad built on that note be a diatonic triad in this key? If so, the altered chord is a secondary dom ...
AP Theory Syllabus - Pequannock Township High School
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... The mentioned addition of the sus = s main value as 4 can be obtained by replacing s with s/4. Placing our imaginary capo or cape anywhere, will create a possible key choice on the guitar. The rule for basic chords is to use only three kinds from the seven basic notes above. Namely, having black and ...
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... harmony is the vertical aspect. Harmony is the instantaneous use of two or more simultaneous tones. All chords are in fact a musical harmony. There are infinite amounts of harmonies that can be achieved through any number of discrete tones. In music theory, there are several harmonic combinations th ...
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... the oscillation is triggered by a vibrating object, such as a singer’s vocal cords, a trumpet player’s lips, the reed in a clarinet, a violin string, or the cone of an audio speaker. In many musical instruments, the sound waves are amplified or modulated by internal resonance. For example, a standin ...
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Consonance and dissonance



In music, consonance and dissonance form a structural dichotomy in which the terms define each other by mutual exclusion: a consonance is what is not dissonant, and reciprocally. However, a finer consideration shows that the distinction forms a gradation, from the most consonant to the most dissonant. Consonance and dissonance define a level of sweetness / harshness, pleasantness / unpleasantness, acceptability / unacceptability, of the sounds or intervals under consideration. As Hindemith stressed, ""The two concepts have never been completely explained, and for a thousand years the definitions have varied"" (Hindemith 1942, p. 85).The opposition can be made in different contexts:In acoustics or psychophysiology, the distinction may be objective. In modern times, it usually is based on the perception of harmonic partials of the sounds considered, to such an extent that the distinction really holds only in the case of harmonic sounds (i.e. sounds with harmonic partials).In music, even if the opposition often is founded of the preceding, objective distinction, it more often is subjective, conventional, cultural, and style-dependent. Dissonance can then be defined as a combination of sounds that does not belong to the style under consideration; in recent music, what is considered stylistically dissonant may even correspond to what is said consonant in the context of acoustics (e.g. a major triad in atonal music).In both cases, the distinction mainly concerns simultaneous sounds; if successive sounds are considered, their consonance or dissonance depends on the memorial retention of the first sound while the second is heard. For this reason, consonance and dissonance have been considered particularly in the case of polyphonic Occidental music, and the present article is concerned mainly with this case.Most historical definitions of consonance and dissonance since about the 16th century have stressed their pleasant/unpleasant, or agreeable/disagreeable character. This may be justifiable in a psychophysiological context, but much less in a musical context properly speaking: dissonances often play a decisive role in making music pleasant, even in a generally consonant context – which is one of the reasons why the musical definition of consonance/dissonance cannot match the psychophysiologic definition. In addition, the oppositions pleasant/unpleasant or agreeable/disagreeable evidence a confusion between the concepts of 'dissonance' and of 'noise'. (See also Noise in music, Noise music and Noise (acoustic).)While consonance and dissonance exist only between sounds and therefore necessarily describe intervals (or chords), Occidental music theory often considers that, in a dissonant chord, one of the tones alone is in itself the dissonance: it is this tone in particular that needs ""resolution"" through a specific voice leading.
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