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Amiodarone - Downriver Cardiology Consultants, PC
Amiodarone - Downriver Cardiology Consultants, PC

... rhythm problems that exists, as far as effectiveness, its multiple and sometimes serious side effects limit its use. Many of these side effects are dose related, meaning that there are more frequent side effects as higher dosages are utilized. Generally higher doses are needed in the ventricular arr ...
Module I E.C.G. RHYTHM INTERPRETATION
Module I E.C.G. RHYTHM INTERPRETATION

... branches and purkinje fibers) can also produce impulses at rates of 20 to 40 per minute. ...
Welcome to Renton Technical College
Welcome to Renton Technical College

...  Same criteria as NSR except heart rate is less than 60 bpm ...
- Keele Research Repository
- Keele Research Repository

... prolongation is relatively rare amongst the younger population (1% among those age <60 years) it becomes much more common after the age of ≥60 years, with prevalence rising to 6%.[3] Whilst it has been suggested that enhanced vagal tone underlies the etiology of 1°HB in young people, organic heart d ...
Management of arrhythmias in heart failure. What a practicing
Management of arrhythmias in heart failure. What a practicing

... the underlying arrhythmia [43]. Patients who receive appropriate shocks were noted to have substantially higher ventricular arrhythmia burden and poor survival compared to patients treated with ATP-alone [44]. Adjunctive pharmacotherapy, in addition to ATP, was shown to reduce the incidence of shock ...
Name of presentation
Name of presentation

... Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ...
Pulmonary Venous Flow in Large, Uncomplicated Atrial Septal Defect
Pulmonary Venous Flow in Large, Uncomplicated Atrial Septal Defect

... Because the pulmonary vein ostia lack valves, the blood is propelled with each atrial contraction into the pulmonary veins as well as into the left ventricle. The average peak velocity of the retrograde (AR) wave in healthy young persons (aged < 41 years) is 18 ± 3 cm/s. In middle-aged persons, it a ...
Sick Sinus Syndrome after Surgery for Congenital Heart
Sick Sinus Syndrome after Surgery for Congenital Heart

... the sulcus terminalis and fixation of the intra-atrial baffle away from the superior vena cava have been suggested as preventive measures in avoiding dysrhythmias.6 Modification in repair of sinus venosus atrial septal defect might include swinging of the superior margin of the patch posteriorly int ...
Teixeira
Teixeira

... “Normal for age”: rightward axis > 100 degrees, but within normal limits for age (e.g. 2 week old with axis of +140) Suggestive of RVH ...
Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Is Closely Associated With
Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Is Closely Associated With

... (P=0.012) and risk of stroke, estimated by the CHADS2 score (P=0.008). The parameters reflecting electroanatomical remodeling of the LA and invasive hemodynamic data are summarized in Table 2. Upon close analysis, the LA anterior-posterior diameter was found to be significantly greater among patient ...
Training - faculty at Chemeketa
Training - faculty at Chemeketa

... Have a heart, and have no fear, The SA node is over here. Beating at a constant rate, 60 – 100 is really great. The AV node can make a show, If SA node has gone too slow. 40 – 60 is not too bad If it’s all you’ve got, you will be glad. Should the whole thing drop it’s speed, His and bundle branches ...
BME 311: BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION I Lecturer: Ali Işın
BME 311: BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION I Lecturer: Ali Işın

... This causes the heart to beat in a normal rhythm again. • Similar to pacemakers, these devices typically include electrode wire(s) that pass through a vein to the right chambers of the heart, usually lodging in the apex of the right ventricle. The difference is that pacemakers are more often tempora ...
Outpatient Cardiovascular Telemetry
Outpatient Cardiovascular Telemetry

... symptoms; however, 49 (18%) patients were at centers that had autotriggered recording of cardiac events. During monitoring, clinically significant arrhythmias were detected in 55 (41%) patients in the MCOT Group versus 19 (14%) patients in the Loop Group, a statistically significant difference. For ...
Accelerated idioventricular rhythm associated
Accelerated idioventricular rhythm associated

... One year after the first SVT episode, when she was asymptomatic, routine 24-hour continuous ECG monitoring showed short PR intervals (< 0.06 s) and wide QRS complexes (0.14 s) especially during sleep/night hours. Then episodes of ventricular arrhythmia occurred with absent P waves and wide QRS compl ...
What`s new in diagnosis and therapy of atrial fibrillation?
What`s new in diagnosis and therapy of atrial fibrillation?

... burden. For treatment, pulmonary vein (PV) isolation has evolved an accepted, effective treatment with ~75-85% of patients in stable sinus rhythm. Since the rate of major complications of 2.5% is relatively low, PV isolation is nowadays the first choice therapy for symptomatic patients with drug-res ...
the left atrium in hypertension: a symbol of mortality and morbidity?
the left atrium in hypertension: a symbol of mortality and morbidity?

... thin-walled structure, its size would therefore increase with the increase in left atrial pressure. Thus left atrial enlargement is probably the result of the chronicity of a high left atrial pressure, and echocardiographic left atrial enlargement has been considered to be an early sign of hypertens ...
Understanding Stroke Risk and Treatment
Understanding Stroke Risk and Treatment

... the carotid blood vessels in the neck is thought to be the cause of the stroke, these vessels can be operated on to open them up. This has been shown to reduce recurrent stroke. • If atrial fibrillation is thought to be the cause of the stroke, patients are treated with anti-coagulant (blood thinnin ...
pacemakercomp
pacemakercomp

... myocytes. They possess some contractile filaments, though they do not contract. Cells in the SA node will naturally discharge (create action potentials) at about 70-80 times/minute. Because the sinoatrial node is responsible for the rest of the heart's electrical activity, it is sometimes called the ...
Swallow syncope associated with complete atrioventricular
Swallow syncope associated with complete atrioventricular

... bradycardia was induced by carotid sinus massage, Valsalva manoeuvre, and gag reflex, but AV block was not induced by any of these. Figure 1 shows complete AV block, of which the maximum RR interval was three seconds, and was induced by swallowing large amounts of carbonated beverages. Intravenous a ...
Risk Factors for Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
Risk Factors for Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

... review of EKG and telemetry strips and confirmed with physician’s notes. Postoperative period was defined as the time spent in the hospital after the open heart surgery. ...
Risk Factors for Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
Risk Factors for Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

... review of EKG and telemetry strips and confirmed with physician’s notes. Postoperative period was defined as the time spent in the hospital after the open heart surgery. ...
The conduction system • In today`s lecture we will discuss the
The conduction system • In today`s lecture we will discuss the

...  The difference between these parts is their ability to produce impulses at different rates: 1. SA node: is able to produce intrinsic impulses at the rate of 60-80 impulse/min up to 100. 2. AV node: is able to produce intrinsic impulses at the rate of 40-60 impulse/min. 3. Purkinje fibers: (the las ...
Ventricular Fibrillation: A Pediatric Problem
Ventricular Fibrillation: A Pediatric Problem

... septal defects will have problems with congestive In lone atrial fibrillation, the cause is often unclear, and serious complications are rare. Control of ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation: Ventricular arrhythmias in children include: Premature ventricular Ventricular fibrillation arrhythmia is ...
Part 5
Part 5

... therapy to prevent arrhythmia recurrences. It is thus important to understand, and be able to apply, some basic concepts relating to mechanisms of tachyarrhythmias. At its simplest, a tachycardia is a heart rate exceeding 100/min, lasting for at least 3 beats. Some are nonsustained, terminating spon ...
Fontan conversion to total cavopulmonary connection - Heart
Fontan conversion to total cavopulmonary connection - Heart

... clamp, which was limited to the atrial septectomy and suture of the right atriotomy. With the exception of one patient in whom induced ventricular fibrillation was used, the aortic cross clamp was removed only when the right atrial incisions were sutured. Air was evacuated from the left atrium and v ...
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Atrial fibrillation



Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating. Often it starts as brief periods of abnormal beating which become longer and possibly constant over time. Most episodes have no symptoms. Occasionally there may be heart palpitations, fainting, shortness of breath, or chest pain. The disease increases the risk of heart failure, dementia, and stroke.Hypertension and valvular heart disease are the most common alterable risk factors for AF. Other heart-related risk factors include heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disease. In the developing world valvular heart disease often occurs as a result of rheumatic fever. Lung-related risk factors include COPD, obesity, and sleep apnea. Other factors include excess alcohol intake, diabetes mellitus, and thyrotoxicosis. However, half of cases are not associated with one of these risks. A diagnosis is made by feeling the pulse and may be confirmed using an electrocardiogram (ECG). The typical ECG shows no P waves and an irregular ventricular rate.AF is often treated with medications to slow the heart rate to a near normal range (known as rate control) or to convert the rhythm to normal sinus rhythm (known as rhythm control). Electrical cardioversion can also be used to convert AF to a normal sinus rhythm and is often used emergently if the person is unstable. Ablation may prevent recurrence in some people. Depending on the risk of stroke either aspirin or anti-clotting medications such as warfarin or a novel oral anticoagulant may be recommended. While these medications reduce this risk, they increase rates of major bleeding.Atrial fibrillation is the most common serious abnormal heart rhythm. In Europe and North America, as of 2014, it affects about 2% to 3% of the population. This is an increase from 0.4 to 1% of the population around 2005. In the developing world about 0.6% of males and 0.4% of females are affected. The percentage of people with AF increases with age with 0.14% under 50 years old, 4% between 60 and 70 years old, and 14% over 80 years old being affected. A-fib and atrial flutter resulted in 112,000 deaths in 2013, up from 29,000 in 1990. The first known report of an irregular pulse was by John Baptist Senac in 1749. This was first documented by ECG in 1909 by Thomas Lewis.
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