Morgan, Thomas H. The Theory of the Gene. The American
... been said that since the hypothesis does not deal with known chemical substances, it has no future before it, that it is merely a kind of symbolism. It has been said that it is not a real scientific hypothesis for it merely restates its facts as factors, and then by juggling with numbers pretends th ...
... been said that since the hypothesis does not deal with known chemical substances, it has no future before it, that it is merely a kind of symbolism. It has been said that it is not a real scientific hypothesis for it merely restates its facts as factors, and then by juggling with numbers pretends th ...
Gene Section IGH (Immunoglobulin Heavy) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... IGHC genes. Eighty-two to 88 IGHV genes belong to 7 subgroups, whereas 41 pseudogenes, which are too divergent to be assigned to subgroups, have been assigned to 4 clans. Seven non-mapped IGHV genes have been described as insertion/deletion polymorphism but have not yet been precisely located. The m ...
... IGHC genes. Eighty-two to 88 IGHV genes belong to 7 subgroups, whereas 41 pseudogenes, which are too divergent to be assigned to subgroups, have been assigned to 4 clans. Seven non-mapped IGHV genes have been described as insertion/deletion polymorphism but have not yet been precisely located. The m ...
The Sexual Nature of the Eukaryote Genome
... This paper supports a previous conjecture that the sexual cycle of eukaryotes arose from the infection of cells by genome parasites. The finding are as follows. (1) In prokaryotes, conjugative plasmids ensure their own spread by directing partial cell fusion. (2) Conjugative plasmids permit gene tra ...
... This paper supports a previous conjecture that the sexual cycle of eukaryotes arose from the infection of cells by genome parasites. The finding are as follows. (1) In prokaryotes, conjugative plasmids ensure their own spread by directing partial cell fusion. (2) Conjugative plasmids permit gene tra ...
Dosage compensation: do birds do it as well?
... Making reference to genes shared between the opposite sex chromosomes, yet representing independently evolving entities, is not a simple matter. Given the common ancestry of the genes, that is, they were represented by a single gene before the sex chromosomes started to diverge, they are obviously h ...
... Making reference to genes shared between the opposite sex chromosomes, yet representing independently evolving entities, is not a simple matter. Given the common ancestry of the genes, that is, they were represented by a single gene before the sex chromosomes started to diverge, they are obviously h ...
Edward B. Lewis - National Academy of Sciences
... an abstract sense the overall genetic constitution of the cis and trans combinations is the same: both carry two mutant alleles, a and b, and two wild-type alleles, + and +. They differ, however, in their position relative to each other. In practice, it can be very difficult to obtain the double-mut ...
... an abstract sense the overall genetic constitution of the cis and trans combinations is the same: both carry two mutant alleles, a and b, and two wild-type alleles, + and +. They differ, however, in their position relative to each other. In practice, it can be very difficult to obtain the double-mut ...
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... flowering plants (angiosperms), including many major crops [5]. Polyploid plants are often larger and have larger organs than their diploid relatives, including higher yield, larger leaves, larger fruit, more robustness, and some other agronomic characters [6–8], which makes polyploids quite appeali ...
... flowering plants (angiosperms), including many major crops [5]. Polyploid plants are often larger and have larger organs than their diploid relatives, including higher yield, larger leaves, larger fruit, more robustness, and some other agronomic characters [6–8], which makes polyploids quite appeali ...
Comparative genomics and the evolution of prokaryotes
... Although biologists have long recognized the importance of studying evolution to understand the organization of living organisms, only with the development of genomics have evolutionary studies become part of their routine toolkit. Placing genomes into an evolutionary framework has proved useful for ...
... Although biologists have long recognized the importance of studying evolution to understand the organization of living organisms, only with the development of genomics have evolutionary studies become part of their routine toolkit. Placing genomes into an evolutionary framework has proved useful for ...
Biol 1309 - Adaptations Adaptation – what does it mean?
... • Even though a trait may not be visible in the young, it may be expressed later in life – Different adaptations may be required at different points of an organism’s life ...
... • Even though a trait may not be visible in the young, it may be expressed later in life – Different adaptations may be required at different points of an organism’s life ...
The Pax and large Maf families of genes in mammalian eye development Vertebrate eye development is dependent on the coordinated action of thousands of genes. A specific group of over one hundred of regulatory genes is both responsible for ocular cell
... Pax6(5a) (see Fig. 2). The Pax6(5a) variant is encoded by an alternatively spliced exon 5a (Epstein et al. 1994). Biochemical studies of Pax6(5a) revealed that this insertion disrupts the ability of the PAI subdomain to bind DNA (Epstein et al. 1994; Kozmik et al. 1997). In the majority of tissu ...
... Pax6(5a) (see Fig. 2). The Pax6(5a) variant is encoded by an alternatively spliced exon 5a (Epstein et al. 1994). Biochemical studies of Pax6(5a) revealed that this insertion disrupts the ability of the PAI subdomain to bind DNA (Epstein et al. 1994; Kozmik et al. 1997). In the majority of tissu ...
AP Biology Chapter 15 Notes The Chromosomal - Pomp
... iii. he observed much higher proportion of the parental phenotypes than would be expected iv. Morgan concluded that body color and wing size are usually inherited together because the genes for these ...
... iii. he observed much higher proportion of the parental phenotypes than would be expected iv. Morgan concluded that body color and wing size are usually inherited together because the genes for these ...
The Genetics of SLE
... lupus and the genes of their unaffected family members) scientists are locating “hot spots” within the human genome worthy of more specific study. Multiplex lupus studies have also benefited from the sub grouping of families, or grouping families according to certain characteristics that they share ...
... lupus and the genes of their unaffected family members) scientists are locating “hot spots” within the human genome worthy of more specific study. Multiplex lupus studies have also benefited from the sub grouping of families, or grouping families according to certain characteristics that they share ...
Expressed sequence tag (EST) - Washington State University
... database is searchable by the name of the protein or the name of the organism with the closest homolog. The data in PipeOnline can also be browsed to examine contigs with high scoring pairs, expectation, or bit-score criteria. We chose to consider only those contigs that had matches to identified ge ...
... database is searchable by the name of the protein or the name of the organism with the closest homolog. The data in PipeOnline can also be browsed to examine contigs with high scoring pairs, expectation, or bit-score criteria. We chose to consider only those contigs that had matches to identified ge ...
Gene duplication and divergence in the early evolution of
... expansion during early vertebrate evolution of many of the gene families that were involved in vertebrate development. ...
... expansion during early vertebrate evolution of many of the gene families that were involved in vertebrate development. ...
Tandem and segmental gene duplication and
... of the NBS, or the LRR region, or consist only of a TIRdomain. In grass species, TIR-NBS-LRR genes have not yet been identified, but the CC-type is very common [5]. In different plants, NBS-LRR loci are found both as isolated genes (singletons) and as tightly linked arrays of related genes (gene clu ...
... of the NBS, or the LRR region, or consist only of a TIRdomain. In grass species, TIR-NBS-LRR genes have not yet been identified, but the CC-type is very common [5]. In different plants, NBS-LRR loci are found both as isolated genes (singletons) and as tightly linked arrays of related genes (gene clu ...
Methods S1
... Wheat and rye lines which were used for Southern blot analysis, Pm8 cloning or were tested with the Pm8-marker sfr43(Pm8) for the presence or absence of the Pm8 gene are listed in Table S1. Wheat-rye recombinant lines T8, T9, T16, T18, 1B+14 and 1B+37 along with their parental lines Pavon 76 and Pav ...
... Wheat and rye lines which were used for Southern blot analysis, Pm8 cloning or were tested with the Pm8-marker sfr43(Pm8) for the presence or absence of the Pm8 gene are listed in Table S1. Wheat-rye recombinant lines T8, T9, T16, T18, 1B+14 and 1B+37 along with their parental lines Pavon 76 and Pav ...
Characteristic Features of the Nucleotide Sequences of Yeast
... protein genes, MRP-S5, MRP-S9, MRP-L27, MRP-L36 and YKL141w were not predicted to be likely genes at and MRP-L37, are assigned to ORF's, termed YBR251w, all (Fig. lb). Interestingly, the likelihood prediction usYBR146w, YBR282w, YBR122c and YBR268w, respec- ing the MRP-27 mat. 4 matrix for ORF YKL14 ...
... protein genes, MRP-S5, MRP-S9, MRP-L27, MRP-L36 and YKL141w were not predicted to be likely genes at and MRP-L37, are assigned to ORF's, termed YBR251w, all (Fig. lb). Interestingly, the likelihood prediction usYBR146w, YBR282w, YBR122c and YBR268w, respec- ing the MRP-27 mat. 4 matrix for ORF YKL14 ...
Carroll 2006 Fossil Genes
... T h e best explanation for why the gene became fossilized comes from consideration of the animals' ecology Surely, there must be some ...
... T h e best explanation for why the gene became fossilized comes from consideration of the animals' ecology Surely, there must be some ...
Essential gene
Essential genes are those genes of an organism that are thought to be critical for its survival. However, being essential is highly dependent on the circumstances in which an organism lives. For instance, a gene required to digest starch is only essential if starch is the only source of energy. Recently, systematic attempts have been made to identify those genes that are absolutely required to maintain life, provided that all nutrients are available. Such experiments have led to the conclusion that the absolutely required number of genes for bacteria is on the order of about 250-300. These essential genes encode proteins to maintain a central metabolism, replicate DNA, translate genes into proteins, maintain a basic cellular structure, and mediate transport processes into and out of the cell. Most genes are not essential but convey selective advantages and increased fitness.