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BDC`s 2016 Annual Report
BDC`s 2016 Annual Report

Fiscal 2016 Form 10-K - General Mills
Fiscal 2016 Form 10-K - General Mills

Ally Financial Inc. ( GOM ) 10−K
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... Certain matters we discuss in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in other public statements may constitute forward-looking statements. You can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimat ...
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... away from dividends (Nessa 2016). Trapped cash can also result in internal financing frictions when the U.S. parent company has to access funds through alternative means (e.g., short-term inter-company loans, third-party financing). Despite the significant amount of cash held by foreign subsidiaries ...
Skandia Annual Report
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... our unit linked and mutual fund businesses, together rising a total of 25% in Swedish kronor. New sales of unit linked assurance rose 20% in Swedish kronor, and mutual fund deposits increased by 29% in Swedish kronor. Funds under management increased by 18% to SEK 668 billion, thanks to net inflows ...
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... free writing prospectus prepared by or on our behalf. Neither we, nor the selling shareholders, have authorized any other person to provide you with different or additional information. Neither we, nor the selling shareholders, take responsibility for, nor can we provide assurance as to the reliabil ...
FORM 20-F Annual Report 2016
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< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ... 178 >

Present value

In economics, present value, also known as present discounted value, is the value of an expected income stream determined as of the date of valuation. The present value is always less than or equal to the future value because money has interest-earning potential, a characteristic referred to as the time value of money, except during times of negative interest rates, when the present value will be greater than the future value. Time value can be described with the simplified phrase, “A dollar today is worth more than a dollar tomorrow”. Here, 'worth more' means that its value is greater. A dollar today is worth more than a dollar tomorrow because the dollar can be invested and earn a day's worth of interest, making the total accumulate to a value more than a dollar by tomorrow. Interest can be compared to rent. Just as rent is paid to a landlord by a tenant, without the ownership of the asset being transferred, interest is paid to a lender by a borrower who gains access to the money for a time before paying it back. By letting the borrower have access to the money, the lender has sacrificed the exchange value of this money, and is compensated for it in the form of interest. The initial amount of the borrowed funds (the present value) is less than the total amount of money paid to the lender.Present value calculations, and similarly future value calculations, are used to value loans, mortgages, annuities, sinking funds, perpetuities, bonds, and more. These calculations are used to make comparisons between cash flows that don’t occur at simultaneous times. The idea is much like algebra, where variable units must be consistent in order to compare or carry out addition and subtraction; time dates must be consistent in order to make comparisons between values or carry out simple calculations. When deciding between projects in which to invest, the choice can be made by comparing respective present values of such projects by means of discounting the expected income streams at the corresponding project interest rate, or rate of return. The project with the highest present value, i.e. that is most valuable today, should be chosen.
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