Alternative states and positive feedbacks in restoration ecology
... system can shift abruptly between two or more states (Figure Ia) [after 20 –21,35,56]. SYSTEM STATE VARIABLES (see Box Glossary) refer to characteristics such as species diversity, abundance, composition or some desired ecosystem service. These state variables are determined by a combination of fact ...
... system can shift abruptly between two or more states (Figure Ia) [after 20 –21,35,56]. SYSTEM STATE VARIABLES (see Box Glossary) refer to characteristics such as species diversity, abundance, composition or some desired ecosystem service. These state variables are determined by a combination of fact ...
Nature-based Solutions: New Influence for
... new assemblages of organisms for green roofs and walls to mitigate city warming and clean polluted air). Type 3 is linked to concepts like green and blue infrastructures 4 (Benedict and McMahon 2006) and objectives like restoration of heavily degraded or polluted areas. Within this type, novel appro ...
... new assemblages of organisms for green roofs and walls to mitigate city warming and clean polluted air). Type 3 is linked to concepts like green and blue infrastructures 4 (Benedict and McMahon 2006) and objectives like restoration of heavily degraded or polluted areas. Within this type, novel appro ...
Do herbivores exert top-down effects in Neotropical savannas
... 2004). The higher nest densities in the cerrado are probably why our estimates of biomass consumption by Atta spp. are far greater than those reported for other tropical ecosystems – they are substantially higher than the 0.5 -1.7 nests per ha reported in tropical forests (Cherrett 1989; Wirth et al ...
... 2004). The higher nest densities in the cerrado are probably why our estimates of biomass consumption by Atta spp. are far greater than those reported for other tropical ecosystems – they are substantially higher than the 0.5 -1.7 nests per ha reported in tropical forests (Cherrett 1989; Wirth et al ...
Plant genotype and nitrogen loading influence seagrass productivity
... compared them to trait measurements of 20 haphazardly collected genotypes from the field (Hughes et al. 2009). The range of trait variation in the four genotypes used in this study was within the range of the field sample of 20 genotypes, suggesting that the trait variation in these genotypes is repre ...
... compared them to trait measurements of 20 haphazardly collected genotypes from the field (Hughes et al. 2009). The range of trait variation in the four genotypes used in this study was within the range of the field sample of 20 genotypes, suggesting that the trait variation in these genotypes is repre ...
Communication in the Age of Globalization
... • Defects and damages • Recession; high unemployment (1.3 million in 1979 to 2.6 million in 1981); deterioration in social services; growing gap between the rich and the poor (22% increase in the population under the poverty line during 11 years of Mrs. T in power; 75% rise in the Gini Coefficient) ...
... • Defects and damages • Recession; high unemployment (1.3 million in 1979 to 2.6 million in 1981); deterioration in social services; growing gap between the rich and the poor (22% increase in the population under the poverty line during 11 years of Mrs. T in power; 75% rise in the Gini Coefficient) ...
The Mechanistic Approach of `The Theory of Island Biogeography
... paleontologist and most biogeographers tend to be history oriented. The historian often pays attention to differences between phenomena, since this may shed light on history. By contrast, the “machinery person” is more focused on similarities among phenomena, because these reveal regularities (MacAr ...
... paleontologist and most biogeographers tend to be history oriented. The historian often pays attention to differences between phenomena, since this may shed light on history. By contrast, the “machinery person” is more focused on similarities among phenomena, because these reveal regularities (MacAr ...
Anthropology, Cultural and Archaeology
... areas where early agriculture is evidenced, but will also contrast these areas with those where agriculture was a later development. Emphasis will be on the environmental, technological, biological, social, and cultural processes associated with the "Neolithic Revolution." This course is offered as ...
... areas where early agriculture is evidenced, but will also contrast these areas with those where agriculture was a later development. Emphasis will be on the environmental, technological, biological, social, and cultural processes associated with the "Neolithic Revolution." This course is offered as ...
astrologer gordon psychic rochelle
... If you wish to subscribe to the email mailing list, you can do it by sending an email to the following address: [email protected] The publisher has no financial sources. It is supported by many in the form of voluntary work and gifts. We kindly appreciate your gifts. ...
... If you wish to subscribe to the email mailing list, you can do it by sending an email to the following address: [email protected] The publisher has no financial sources. It is supported by many in the form of voluntary work and gifts. We kindly appreciate your gifts. ...
curriculum vitae - University of Maryland Center for Environmental
... distributions among primary, secondary and tertiary consumers. Oikos, In press. Boon, P., P.L.M. Cook, and R.J. Woodland. 2015. The Gippsland Lakes: management challenges posed by long-term environmental change. Marine & Freshwater Research, In press. ...
... distributions among primary, secondary and tertiary consumers. Oikos, In press. Boon, P., P.L.M. Cook, and R.J. Woodland. 2015. The Gippsland Lakes: management challenges posed by long-term environmental change. Marine & Freshwater Research, In press. ...
Using Stream Leaf Packs to Explore Community Assembly
... Three components are useful in thinking about this question (Belyea and Lancaster 1999). Dispersal - Can the organism get there? Organisms can’t live in a specific time and location if they can’t get there; we call this “dispersal,” the ability to travel to a new habitat (e.g., direct organism movem ...
... Three components are useful in thinking about this question (Belyea and Lancaster 1999). Dispersal - Can the organism get there? Organisms can’t live in a specific time and location if they can’t get there; we call this “dispersal,” the ability to travel to a new habitat (e.g., direct organism movem ...
From Cyber to Digital Anthropology to an Anthropology of the
... change – not simply a change in attitude, but even a change in understanding of what an attitude is”. Cybernetics for him is crucial to understand complex systems, human-non-human interaction, communication within larger environments and ecologies, and also the human mind. How this developed into c ...
... change – not simply a change in attitude, but even a change in understanding of what an attitude is”. Cybernetics for him is crucial to understand complex systems, human-non-human interaction, communication within larger environments and ecologies, and also the human mind. How this developed into c ...
Hard and Soft Selection Revisited: How Evolution by Natural
... is that genetic variation is expensive because there is 1 best genotype, which is the genotype with the highest fitness. The presence of alternative alleles and additional genotypes reduces population mean fitness (Haldane 1937). Haldane’s concept of the difference between the fitness of the best ge ...
... is that genetic variation is expensive because there is 1 best genotype, which is the genotype with the highest fitness. The presence of alternative alleles and additional genotypes reduces population mean fitness (Haldane 1937). Haldane’s concept of the difference between the fitness of the best ge ...
Long-term ecological dynamics: reciprocal
... varied as treatments. This type of space-for-time substitution is particularly valuable when it is possible to examine ecosystem processes across climate gradients for which geology and plant species are constant (e.g. Vitousek et al. 1994; Austin 2002; Vitousek 2004). Gradient studies such as these ...
... varied as treatments. This type of space-for-time substitution is particularly valuable when it is possible to examine ecosystem processes across climate gradients for which geology and plant species are constant (e.g. Vitousek et al. 1994; Austin 2002; Vitousek 2004). Gradient studies such as these ...
What is Archaeology? - Georgia Council of Professional
... the strengths of archaeology that it has so successfully absorbed so many ideas from other kinds of research in both the hard and social sciences. Moreover, archaeologists work in many arenas including academic departments, government offices, national and state parks, cultural resource management f ...
... the strengths of archaeology that it has so successfully absorbed so many ideas from other kinds of research in both the hard and social sciences. Moreover, archaeologists work in many arenas including academic departments, government offices, national and state parks, cultural resource management f ...
Xestospongia muta (Giant or Caribbean Barrel
... are the size of bacteria. A large population of cyanobacteria belonging to the Synechococcus group, such as Synechococcus spongiarum, are found in their peripheral tissues. These rod-shaped, unicellular bacteria serve as both a direct food source by consumption of the bacteria through filter feeding ...
... are the size of bacteria. A large population of cyanobacteria belonging to the Synechococcus group, such as Synechococcus spongiarum, are found in their peripheral tissues. These rod-shaped, unicellular bacteria serve as both a direct food source by consumption of the bacteria through filter feeding ...
Full Text
... Box 2. Scavenging in the African savannah. A recent study conducted in the African savannah has pointed out that the structure and functioning of vertebrate scavenging assemblages is largely dependent on carcass size (Moleón et al. 2015). The relationship between the particle size of the food resour ...
... Box 2. Scavenging in the African savannah. A recent study conducted in the African savannah has pointed out that the structure and functioning of vertebrate scavenging assemblages is largely dependent on carcass size (Moleón et al. 2015). The relationship between the particle size of the food resour ...
Special Feature
... is a community?’’ They also raise the more recent question, ‘‘Should we expect selection to act often at levels above the individual, including the community?’’ Both papers led me to ask: ‘‘What can these studies in community genetics tell us about how we do ecology?’’ WHY COMMUNITY GENETICS? Neuhau ...
... is a community?’’ They also raise the more recent question, ‘‘Should we expect selection to act often at levels above the individual, including the community?’’ Both papers led me to ask: ‘‘What can these studies in community genetics tell us about how we do ecology?’’ WHY COMMUNITY GENETICS? Neuhau ...
Subject benchmark statement: Anthropology
... forms and systems of meaning. This divergence was greatest in the mid-twentieth century, since when the interests and concerns of both British and American anthropology have tended to merge. The boundaries between social and cultural anthropology are accordingly neither specific nor distinct, and in ...
... forms and systems of meaning. This divergence was greatest in the mid-twentieth century, since when the interests and concerns of both British and American anthropology have tended to merge. The boundaries between social and cultural anthropology are accordingly neither specific nor distinct, and in ...
Anthropology Course Catalog
... ANTH 32700 - Environment And Culture: Credit Hours: 3.00. This course provides a general overview to the field of environmental anthropology, and surveys key methods, and theories that anthropologists use to interpret human-environment interactions. Topics include culture ecology, agro ecology, ethn ...
... ANTH 32700 - Environment And Culture: Credit Hours: 3.00. This course provides a general overview to the field of environmental anthropology, and surveys key methods, and theories that anthropologists use to interpret human-environment interactions. Topics include culture ecology, agro ecology, ethn ...
Generalities in grazing and browsing ecology du Toit, Johan T
... Received: 11 June 2013 / Accepted: 11 December 2013 / Published online: 4 January 2014 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 ...
... Received: 11 June 2013 / Accepted: 11 December 2013 / Published online: 4 January 2014 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 ...
Eco-evolutionary feedbacks in community and ecosystem ecology
... Interactions between natural selection and environmental change are well recognized and sit at the core of ecology and evolutionary biology. Reciprocal interactions between ecology and evolution, eco-evolutionary feedbacks, are less well studied, even though they may be critical for understanding th ...
... Interactions between natural selection and environmental change are well recognized and sit at the core of ecology and evolutionary biology. Reciprocal interactions between ecology and evolution, eco-evolutionary feedbacks, are less well studied, even though they may be critical for understanding th ...
Evolutionary ecology of mountain birch in subarctic stress gradients
... responses to be weakest in populations locally adapted to withstand high abiotic stress. This thesis is based on six experiments, conducted both in greenhouses and in the field in Russia, Norway and Finland, with mountain birch (Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii) as the model species. The aims we ...
... responses to be weakest in populations locally adapted to withstand high abiotic stress. This thesis is based on six experiments, conducted both in greenhouses and in the field in Russia, Norway and Finland, with mountain birch (Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii) as the model species. The aims we ...
AG. 518 BOTANY\RANGE SCIENCE
... Describe ecosystem stability and give examples of stable ecosystems If you were to examine a mature ecosystem over the course of 30 years at the same time each year, discuss why you would expect the number of species in the ecosystem and the population size of each of these species to be the same fr ...
... Describe ecosystem stability and give examples of stable ecosystems If you were to examine a mature ecosystem over the course of 30 years at the same time each year, discuss why you would expect the number of species in the ecosystem and the population size of each of these species to be the same fr ...
260 KB - Hawaii Biological Survey
... Hawaiian streams directly influence mechanistic factors impacting stream biota. Not the least of these factors include nutrient regimes, flow regimes, and residence time. The minimized hyporheic zone is a result of the islands’ volcanic origins and the limited amount of sediment covering this volcan ...
... Hawaiian streams directly influence mechanistic factors impacting stream biota. Not the least of these factors include nutrient regimes, flow regimes, and residence time. The minimized hyporheic zone is a result of the islands’ volcanic origins and the limited amount of sediment covering this volcan ...