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Osmotic-Controlled Release Oral Delivery System
Osmotic-Controlled Release Oral Delivery System

... technology that uses osmotic pressure as the driving force to deliver pharmacotherapy, usually once-daily, in several therapeutic areas. Oral route is one of the most extensively used routes of drug administration because of its obvious advantages of ease of administration, improved patient complian ...
Peer-reviewed Article PDF
Peer-reviewed Article PDF

... Linearity is usually expressed in terms of the variance around the slope of regression line, and is calculated according to an established mathematical relationship from test results obtained by the analysis of samples with varying concentrations of analyte. Under the established experimental condit ...
Studies
Studies

... and Hall, 1997; Physician’s Desk Reference, 2000). Naloxone is an opiate antagonist, and is thought to displace heroin at the Mu2 receptors. Physicians and emergency personnel treat patients suspected of heroin overdose by administering an initial dose of naloxone parenterally. While 2 mg is almost ...
UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation
UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation

... of standard A (1%, 1 cm) or E values are used in order to determine its absorptivity. It is advantageous in situations where it is difficult or expensive to obtain a sample of the reference substance. In calibration graph method, the absorbances of a number of standard solutions of the reference sub ...
PDF - Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science
PDF - Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science

... concentration not only causes increased bioavailability but also leads to the toxicity to the nasal epithelium (Ohwaki 1985). Drugs distribution and deposition The drug distribution in the nasal cavity is one of the important factors, which affect the efficiency of nasal absorption. The mode of drug ...
Chapter-3 Drug and excipients profile
Chapter-3 Drug and excipients profile

... Administration of Pantoprazole with food may delay its absorption up to 2 hours or longer; however, the Cmax and the extent of pantoprazole absorption (AUC) are not altered. Thus, Pantoprazole Tablets may be taken without regard to timing of meals. 3.1.4.2. Distribution Pantoprazole is highly bound ...
History of Antimicrobial Agents and Resistant Bacteria
History of Antimicrobial Agents and Resistant Bacteria

... and their antimicrobial activity is strong. The monobactam antibiotic aztreonam exerts an antimicrobial effect only on Gram-negative bacteria. Continuing improvements have been made for antimicrobial agents in various aspects in addition to the antimicrobial spectrum and activity. The drugs have bee ...
study of formulation, characterisation and wound healing potential of
study of formulation, characterisation and wound healing potential of

... The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of Curcumin patches formulation (CPF) as a transdermal therapeutic system for wound healing potential. A combination of Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) and Ethyl Cellulose (EC) most strongly enhanced the permeation of Curcumin patch which permeat ...
Urine Drug Testing Clinical Practice
Urine Drug Testing Clinical Practice

... challenge of utilizing UDT with complex chronic pain patients whose pharmacotherapy can overlap with many drugs of abuse. The technologies used by these laboratories are described on pages 4-6. However, the aim is not to test for every drug that is available for analysis, but to do medically necessa ...
Airways Register Search update 2008
Airways Register Search update 2008

... Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with 'Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops' in D. farinae allergic asthma and/or rhinitis patients. METHODS: A 25-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centered trail was conducted in 278 children (aged 4 - 18 yr) ...
Moxy® drug-coated balloon: a novel device for the treatment of
Moxy® drug-coated balloon: a novel device for the treatment of

... TIPS AND TRICKS FOR USE The following comments about tips and tricks for use of the Moxy DCB are based on current evidence but also in the personal experience of the main operators involved in the different clinical studies. In order to minimise the transit time and hence the loss of paclitaxel, sys ...
VALIDATED HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS QUANTITATION OF BENFOTIAMINE AND
VALIDATED HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS QUANTITATION OF BENFOTIAMINE AND

... Fig. 2: Structure of Metformin Hydrochloride Literature review reveals that methods have been reported for analysis of Benfotiamine and Metformin Hydrochloride. HPLC method for determination of Benfotiamine alone or in combination with other drugs in pharmaceutical dosage form has been reported[3,4, ...
A New Crescent-shaped Spindle for Drug Dissolution Testing—But
A New Crescent-shaped Spindle for Drug Dissolution Testing—But

... and stable environment for dissolution testing. Further studies are in progress to support the general applicability of the new spindle in place of the USP Paddle (and possibly the Basket spindle) for improved drug dissolution testing. An interesting and useful application of the crescent-shaped spi ...
Artiaga Nicole Artiaga Professor David Wirthlin Writing 39C 12
Artiaga Nicole Artiaga Professor David Wirthlin Writing 39C 12

... painkiller could look to other outlets to alleviate their pain is a safer manner. Although not as popular in the United States but should make its way from Europe and China are acupuncture, ...
biochemical pharmacology - WatCut
biochemical pharmacology - WatCut

... This book deals with drugs and their biochemical mechanisms of action. The term “drug” is used here in an inclusive sense, and we will neglect the following possible distinctions: (1) Some drugs are legal, others are not. This difference will not matter for the purpose of this book—we will look at e ...
LYOPHILIZED GLICLAZIDE­POLOXAMER SOLID DISPERSIONS FOR ENHANCEMENT OF  IN­ VITRO DISSOLUTION AND IN­VIVO BIOAVAILABILITY 
LYOPHILIZED GLICLAZIDE­POLOXAMER SOLID DISPERSIONS FOR ENHANCEMENT OF  IN­ VITRO DISSOLUTION AND IN­VIVO BIOAVAILABILITY 

... approximate lengths of the two PEG blocks is 101 repeat units while  the  approximate  length  of  the  propylene  glycol  block  is  56  repeat  units.  PXMs  have  been  recently  widely  used  as  wetting  and  solubilizing  agents  as  well  as  surface  adsorption  excipients.  They  have  been ...
Full Text
Full Text

... drug manufacturers can make in comparison with manufacturers of foods, cosmetics, or dietary supplements. While manufacturers of articles not classified as prescription drugs must still comply with the advertising standards of the Lanham Act, they have much more flexibility in terms of the uses they ...
Medical Emergencies in the Dental Surgery
Medical Emergencies in the Dental Surgery

... safe from the risk of loss or theft. Access to all emergency drugs in the dental surgery should be restricted to members of staff. Members of staff must ensure that patients or their carers or members of the public do not interfere with emergency drugs or equipment stored in the surgery. However, w ...
An Overview of Cannabis
An Overview of Cannabis

... dangers of cannabis. This vast research enterprise has completely failed to provide a scientific basis for prohibition. Although evidence against toxicity continues to accumulate, the government persists in escalating its war on marijuana users, most cruelly on those who use it for medicinal purpose ...
Medication Administration
Medication Administration

... – Compare name and medical record number on MAR with information on armband. ...
Medication Administration
Medication Administration

... – Compare name and medical record number on MAR with information on armband. ...
Zentel - FiloBase
Zentel - FiloBase

... higher when 8 mg dexamethasone was coadministered with each dose of albendazole (15 mg/kg/day) in eight neurocysticercosis patients. Praziquantel: In the fed state, praziquantel (40 mg/kg) increased mean maximum plasma concentration and area under the curve of albendazole sulfoxide by about 50% in h ...
Biomimetic Chemistry
Biomimetic Chemistry

... High enantioselectivity requires only small differentiation in ∆∆G‡ among competing pathways Chemical investigations of biological systems can offer unique insights into their mechanistic understanding Nature has optimized her synthetic toolbox over eons and we would do well to try to imitate her ...
- KoreaMed Synapse
- KoreaMed Synapse

... According to the guidelines of MFDS, “active pharmaceutical ingredients contraindicated for use at certain age groups are those that should not be used because safety has not been established or there is concern for risk of serious adverse drug reactions in the given age groups.”[10] The dictionary ...
chapter 1 anti-inflammatory drugs in the 21st century
chapter 1 anti-inflammatory drugs in the 21st century

... the entire class of coxibs – a class effect – that may account for the mortality or non-fatal myocardial infarctions and elevation of blood pressure associated with these drugs, possibly in at risk subjects (as yet undetermined). The US FDA has subsequently specified a black box warning on the use o ...
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Drug design



Drug design, sometimes referred to as rational drug design or simply rational design, is the inventive process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of a biological target. The drug is most commonly an organic small molecule that activates or inhibits the function of a biomolecule such as a protein, which in turn results in a therapeutic benefit to the patient. In the most basic sense, drug design involves the design of molecules that are complementary in shape and charge to the biomolecular target with which they interact and therefore will bind to it. Drug design frequently but not necessarily relies on computer modeling techniques. This type of modeling is often referred to as computer-aided drug design. Finally, drug design that relies on the knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of the biomolecular target is known as structure-based drug design. In addition to small molecules, biopharmaceuticals and especially therapeutic antibodies are an increasingly important class of drugs and computational methods for improving the affinity, selectivity, and stability of these protein-based therapeutics have also been developed.The phrase ""drug design"" is to some extent a misnomer. A more accurate term is ligand design (i.e., design of a molecule that will bind tightly to its target). Although design techniques for prediction of binding affinity are reasonably successful, there are many other properties, such as bioavailability, metabolic half-life, side effects, etc., that first must be optimized before a ligand can become a safe and efficacious drug. These other characteristics are often difficult to predict with rational design techniques. Nevertheless, due to high attrition rates, especially during clinical phases of drug development, more attention is being focused early in the drug design process on selecting candidate drugs whose physicochemical properties are predicted to result in fewer complications during development and hence more likely to lead to an approved, marketed drug. Furthermore, in vitro experiments complemented with computation methods are increasingly used in early drug discovery to select compounds with more favorable ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) and toxicological profiles.
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