DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF ANTIFUNGAL TOPICAL NIOSOMAL GEL FORMULATION Research Article
... form vesicles, capable of entrapping hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules. In our present study we incorporated Nystatin into niosome by using ether injection method by applying 32 factorial design. The niosomes were characterized for size distribution, drug entrapment efficiency, zeta potential an ...
... form vesicles, capable of entrapping hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules. In our present study we incorporated Nystatin into niosome by using ether injection method by applying 32 factorial design. The niosomes were characterized for size distribution, drug entrapment efficiency, zeta potential an ...
Chapter-2 Review of Literature
... The bioavailability of ontazolast was significantly and substantially enhanced by all of the lipid-based formulations. Abu.T.M.Serajuddin et al. (2008) investigated the solution of a poorly water-soluble drug in a liquid lipid–surfactant mixture, which served as a microemulsion preconcentrate, was c ...
... The bioavailability of ontazolast was significantly and substantially enhanced by all of the lipid-based formulations. Abu.T.M.Serajuddin et al. (2008) investigated the solution of a poorly water-soluble drug in a liquid lipid–surfactant mixture, which served as a microemulsion preconcentrate, was c ...
Formulation and evaluation of delayed-onset extended
... of 99–102 % of MT in all formulations. All the formulations (TM1-TM9) subjected to the in vitro dissolution study were swollen. When Methocel K4M alone was used as a press coat polymer (TM1, TM2 and TM3), it was unable to provide the desirable lag period and sustainability with respect to release (F ...
... of 99–102 % of MT in all formulations. All the formulations (TM1-TM9) subjected to the in vitro dissolution study were swollen. When Methocel K4M alone was used as a press coat polymer (TM1, TM2 and TM3), it was unable to provide the desirable lag period and sustainability with respect to release (F ...
RECCR WebPDB pdb pre-processing web tool
... To accomplish this, we created a script called WebPDB, which repairs many of the errors in PDBs, and then uses homology modeling to replace the missing regions. After using forcefields to energy minimize sidechains and complete the refining process (Rudrabhatla 2004), descriptors are calculated base ...
... To accomplish this, we created a script called WebPDB, which repairs many of the errors in PDBs, and then uses homology modeling to replace the missing regions. After using forcefields to energy minimize sidechains and complete the refining process (Rudrabhatla 2004), descriptors are calculated base ...
Dr. Schaaf - National Academies
... § Be aware of different drug groups and cross-resistance § 2nd-line drugs are generally more toxic than 1st-line drugs § Adverse events more difficult to assess in children ...
... § Be aware of different drug groups and cross-resistance § 2nd-line drugs are generally more toxic than 1st-line drugs § Adverse events more difficult to assess in children ...
Antiamoebic Drugs
... confined to specific geographic locales. Protozoa are eukaryotes, the unicellular protozoal cells have metabolic processes closer to those of the human host than to prokaryotic bacterial pathogens. ...
... confined to specific geographic locales. Protozoa are eukaryotes, the unicellular protozoal cells have metabolic processes closer to those of the human host than to prokaryotic bacterial pathogens. ...
English - emcdda
... 4-MA belongs to the group of synthetic phenethylamines and is closely related to amphetamine. On the illicit market, it appears to be sold as amphetamine or mixed with it. This suggests that, while there is little evidence of a specific demand for 4-MA, amphetamine users may be at greater risk of ex ...
... 4-MA belongs to the group of synthetic phenethylamines and is closely related to amphetamine. On the illicit market, it appears to be sold as amphetamine or mixed with it. This suggests that, while there is little evidence of a specific demand for 4-MA, amphetamine users may be at greater risk of ex ...
Second-line anti
... Ofloxacin is widely distributed in body fluids, including the CSF, and tissue penetration is good. It crosses the placenta and is distributed into breast milk. It ...
... Ofloxacin is widely distributed in body fluids, including the CSF, and tissue penetration is good. It crosses the placenta and is distributed into breast milk. It ...
Pharmacodynamics: How Drugs Work
... effect. However, in so doing, it may prevent the action of other agonists, and may thus appear to be acting as an antagonist. It is this mixture of actions that is called partial agonism. For example, oxprenolol, which is a β-adrenoceptor antagonist, is also a partial agonist. Thus, it may have less ...
... effect. However, in so doing, it may prevent the action of other agonists, and may thus appear to be acting as an antagonist. It is this mixture of actions that is called partial agonism. For example, oxprenolol, which is a β-adrenoceptor antagonist, is also a partial agonist. Thus, it may have less ...
Relation Extraction for Drug-Drug Interactions using Ensemble Learning
... deletion costs are 1 (one) and the substitution cost is 0 (zero) for equal features with equal values, and 1 (one) otherwise. However, we have also defined specific costs for the part-of-speech tag feature which were based on the ones used in the MaSTerClass system. We decided to select those cases wh ...
... deletion costs are 1 (one) and the substitution cost is 0 (zero) for equal features with equal values, and 1 (one) otherwise. However, we have also defined specific costs for the part-of-speech tag feature which were based on the ones used in the MaSTerClass system. We decided to select those cases wh ...
... in one second (FEV1) as one would expect. It is difficult, therefore, to be absolutely sure that oxitropium, or any other drug for that matter, has been responsible for changing the sensation of breathlessness directly, either at the peripheral or central processing level. In other words, the way in ...
EDULISS: a small-molecule database with data
... used as input for structure-based virtual screening (7–9) or pharmacophore searching (10). The idea of relating the activity of a molecule to the spatial distribution of a number of functional groups (11) has been widely used in QSAR (12) and structure-based studies as implemented in programs like G ...
... used as input for structure-based virtual screening (7–9) or pharmacophore searching (10). The idea of relating the activity of a molecule to the spatial distribution of a number of functional groups (11) has been widely used in QSAR (12) and structure-based studies as implemented in programs like G ...
Titrimetric and Spectrophotometric Determinations of
... N-substituted phenothiazine derivatives have a profound psychotherapeutic activity 1 and hence are used in the treatment of various mental illnesses. They also possess sedative, antihistaminic, antiemetic, antipruritic and anaesthetic properties2 . The importance of phenothiazine tranquillisers has ...
... N-substituted phenothiazine derivatives have a profound psychotherapeutic activity 1 and hence are used in the treatment of various mental illnesses. They also possess sedative, antihistaminic, antiemetic, antipruritic and anaesthetic properties2 . The importance of phenothiazine tranquillisers has ...
Biopharmaceutics / lecture 12 Dr. Aymen Bash Intravenous Infusion
... concentrations are equal when fully equilibrated, kinetic models predict only that the rates of drug transfer into and out of the compartments are equal at steady state. In other words, drug concentrations in the tissue are also constant, but may differ from plasma concentrations. The time needed to ...
... concentrations are equal when fully equilibrated, kinetic models predict only that the rates of drug transfer into and out of the compartments are equal at steady state. In other words, drug concentrations in the tissue are also constant, but may differ from plasma concentrations. The time needed to ...
Lecture 13, Inhibitors - Cal State LA
... •Resemble the substrate, so targeted to binding site; •Contain an electrophilic group (below, or alpha-halo ketones, or diazoketones) that reacts with a nucleophilic group of the enzyme in or near the active site to form a covalent bond. ...
... •Resemble the substrate, so targeted to binding site; •Contain an electrophilic group (below, or alpha-halo ketones, or diazoketones) that reacts with a nucleophilic group of the enzyme in or near the active site to form a covalent bond. ...
Protein structure-function relationship: Recognition
... 5. This variation is common among antibody molecules. ...
... 5. This variation is common among antibody molecules. ...
NURSING PROCESS FOCUS Clients Receiving Conventional
... severe side effect than with phenothiazines, but there is a greater incidence of EPS with nonphenothiazine antipsychotics. A possible life-threatening adverse effect of antipsychotic drugs is NMS. Because of the anticholinergic side effects of these drugs, monitor for dry mouth, urinary retention, c ...
... severe side effect than with phenothiazines, but there is a greater incidence of EPS with nonphenothiazine antipsychotics. A possible life-threatening adverse effect of antipsychotic drugs is NMS. Because of the anticholinergic side effects of these drugs, monitor for dry mouth, urinary retention, c ...
BLIND A condition imposed on an individual (or group of individuals
... The first stage in testing a new drug in humans. Performed as part of an approved Investigational New Drug Application under Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The studies are usually done to generate preliminary information on the chemical action and safety of the drug using normal healthy vo ...
... The first stage in testing a new drug in humans. Performed as part of an approved Investigational New Drug Application under Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The studies are usually done to generate preliminary information on the chemical action and safety of the drug using normal healthy vo ...
Chemistry in every day life - Kendriya Vidyalaya, Bailey Road, Patna
... ENZYMES AS DRUG TARGETS CATALYTIC ACTION OF EN ZYMESEnzymes have active sites which hold the substrate molecule .it can be attracted by reacting molecules. (b) Substrate is bonded to active sites through hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, Vander Waal or dipole – dipole interactions. (ii) DRUG- ENZYME INTE ...
... ENZYMES AS DRUG TARGETS CATALYTIC ACTION OF EN ZYMESEnzymes have active sites which hold the substrate molecule .it can be attracted by reacting molecules. (b) Substrate is bonded to active sites through hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, Vander Waal or dipole – dipole interactions. (ii) DRUG- ENZYME INTE ...
Pharynx, larynx, trachea
... Proton pump inhibitors Omeprazole Side effects: • diarrhoea, constipation, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, abdominal pain or colic • headache, vertigo, dizziness, somnolence (aggravated by CNS suppressants) or insomnia • Uncommon: taste disturbances, photosensitivity, rash, oedema, blurred vision, in ...
... Proton pump inhibitors Omeprazole Side effects: • diarrhoea, constipation, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, abdominal pain or colic • headache, vertigo, dizziness, somnolence (aggravated by CNS suppressants) or insomnia • Uncommon: taste disturbances, photosensitivity, rash, oedema, blurred vision, in ...
Generic Drugs: Questions and Answers
... companies gained restoration of patent life of their products lost during FDA's approval process. New drugs, like other new products, are developed under patent protection. The patent protects the investment in the drug's development by giving the company the sole right to sell the drug while the pa ...
... companies gained restoration of patent life of their products lost during FDA's approval process. New drugs, like other new products, are developed under patent protection. The patent protects the investment in the drug's development by giving the company the sole right to sell the drug while the pa ...
Torreya Insights
... basis. There are a number of companies that specialize in the distribution of such drugs. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_patient_programs ...
... basis. There are a number of companies that specialize in the distribution of such drugs. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_patient_programs ...
Relationship Between CB1 and S1P Receptors in the Central
... there was no significant difference between SIP-stimulated [ 3 5 ~ ] ~ ~ ~ y ~ binding in the presence of SR141716A or SR144528 compared to vehicle control. This shows that S 1P produced stimulation independent of the CBl or CB2 receptor. In addition WIN-stimulated [ 3 5 ~ ] binding ~ ~ ~ was y ~not ...
... there was no significant difference between SIP-stimulated [ 3 5 ~ ] ~ ~ ~ y ~ binding in the presence of SR141716A or SR144528 compared to vehicle control. This shows that S 1P produced stimulation independent of the CBl or CB2 receptor. In addition WIN-stimulated [ 3 5 ~ ] binding ~ ~ ~ was y ~not ...
Drug design
Drug design, sometimes referred to as rational drug design or simply rational design, is the inventive process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of a biological target. The drug is most commonly an organic small molecule that activates or inhibits the function of a biomolecule such as a protein, which in turn results in a therapeutic benefit to the patient. In the most basic sense, drug design involves the design of molecules that are complementary in shape and charge to the biomolecular target with which they interact and therefore will bind to it. Drug design frequently but not necessarily relies on computer modeling techniques. This type of modeling is often referred to as computer-aided drug design. Finally, drug design that relies on the knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of the biomolecular target is known as structure-based drug design. In addition to small molecules, biopharmaceuticals and especially therapeutic antibodies are an increasingly important class of drugs and computational methods for improving the affinity, selectivity, and stability of these protein-based therapeutics have also been developed.The phrase ""drug design"" is to some extent a misnomer. A more accurate term is ligand design (i.e., design of a molecule that will bind tightly to its target). Although design techniques for prediction of binding affinity are reasonably successful, there are many other properties, such as bioavailability, metabolic half-life, side effects, etc., that first must be optimized before a ligand can become a safe and efficacious drug. These other characteristics are often difficult to predict with rational design techniques. Nevertheless, due to high attrition rates, especially during clinical phases of drug development, more attention is being focused early in the drug design process on selecting candidate drugs whose physicochemical properties are predicted to result in fewer complications during development and hence more likely to lead to an approved, marketed drug. Furthermore, in vitro experiments complemented with computation methods are increasingly used in early drug discovery to select compounds with more favorable ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) and toxicological profiles.