Deep structure of the Mid Norway rifted margin
... Trøndelag Platform is characterized largely by flat-lying or gently seaward-dipping, Middle Triassic and younger strata (Blystad et al. 1995). Parts of the platform are, however, underlain by Permian deposits ( Op. cit. and Dore et al. 1999), and a southeast-facing, half-graben geometry has been inf ...
... Trøndelag Platform is characterized largely by flat-lying or gently seaward-dipping, Middle Triassic and younger strata (Blystad et al. 1995). Parts of the platform are, however, underlain by Permian deposits ( Op. cit. and Dore et al. 1999), and a southeast-facing, half-graben geometry has been inf ...
Lithospheric Layering in the North American Craton
... Huaiyu Yuan (Berkeley Seismological Laboratory), Barbara Romanowicz (Berkeley Seismological Laboratory) Recent receiver function studies detect structural boundaries under continental cratons at depths too shallow to be consistent with the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) as inferred from se ...
... Huaiyu Yuan (Berkeley Seismological Laboratory), Barbara Romanowicz (Berkeley Seismological Laboratory) Recent receiver function studies detect structural boundaries under continental cratons at depths too shallow to be consistent with the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) as inferred from se ...
Geological Disasters
... topography. The rocks are very hard, but are softened by weathering near the surface. Before the Himalayan collision, several tens of millions of years ago, lava flowed across the central part of peninsular India, leaving layers of basalt rock. Coastal areas like Kachchh show marine deposits testify ...
... topography. The rocks are very hard, but are softened by weathering near the surface. Before the Himalayan collision, several tens of millions of years ago, lava flowed across the central part of peninsular India, leaving layers of basalt rock. Coastal areas like Kachchh show marine deposits testify ...
Slow strain waves in blocky geological media from GPS and
... From the published results it follows that subduction, collision, active riftogenesis and transform fault zones are the most probable types of tectonic structures generating strain waves. These intensive sources of different tectonic natures possess a common property – they are the interaction zones ...
... From the published results it follows that subduction, collision, active riftogenesis and transform fault zones are the most probable types of tectonic structures generating strain waves. These intensive sources of different tectonic natures possess a common property – they are the interaction zones ...
IMPLICATIONS FOR APPALACHIAN CRUSTAL STRUCTURE
... area for use in locating earthquakes inside a regional seismograph network (Figure 4). Chapman's crustal model consists of a two-layer crust with an upper layer about 15 km in thickness and a velocity of 6.09 ñ 0.04 km/s; the lower layer has a velocity of 6.5 ñ 0.1 km/s and a base at a depth of 36 k ...
... area for use in locating earthquakes inside a regional seismograph network (Figure 4). Chapman's crustal model consists of a two-layer crust with an upper layer about 15 km in thickness and a velocity of 6.09 ñ 0.04 km/s; the lower layer has a velocity of 6.5 ñ 0.1 km/s and a base at a depth of 36 k ...
Propagating rift during the opening of a small oceanic basin: The
... BGM-3 marine gravimeter. The Eötvos correction to determine free air anomalies was calculated using Lanzada software (Carbó, pers. comm.) considering ship navigation data. In addition, the bathymetric and free air anomaly data from the [28] database were taken into account. The free air anomalies ...
... BGM-3 marine gravimeter. The Eötvos correction to determine free air anomalies was calculated using Lanzada software (Carbó, pers. comm.) considering ship navigation data. In addition, the bathymetric and free air anomaly data from the [28] database were taken into account. The free air anomalies ...
Volcanic and seismic hazards at a proposed nuclear power site in
... A.R. McBirney et al. / Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 126 (2003) 11^30 ...
... A.R. McBirney et al. / Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 126 (2003) 11^30 ...
Suppelementary Material
... set of models (type of layers 1 in Table S1) only the extreme values Vsi=Vmin and Vsi=Vmax were assigned. In the second set (type of layers 2 in Table S1), Vsi was distributed in intervals [Vmin , Vmin+δ V] and [Vmax-δ V, Vmax], where δ V = 0.1(Vmax- Vmin). In the last set of models (type of layers ...
... set of models (type of layers 1 in Table S1) only the extreme values Vsi=Vmin and Vsi=Vmax were assigned. In the second set (type of layers 2 in Table S1), Vsi was distributed in intervals [Vmin , Vmin+δ V] and [Vmax-δ V, Vmax], where δ V = 0.1(Vmax- Vmin). In the last set of models (type of layers ...
AS/A level
... There are no prior learning requirements. Any requirements set for entry to a course following this specification are at the discretion of centres. It is reasonable to assume that many learners will have achieved qualifications equivalent to Level 2 at KS4. Skills in Numeracy/Mathematics, Literacy/E ...
... There are no prior learning requirements. Any requirements set for entry to a course following this specification are at the discretion of centres. It is reasonable to assume that many learners will have achieved qualifications equivalent to Level 2 at KS4. Skills in Numeracy/Mathematics, Literacy/E ...
gge_orals_nov8_2006 - Department of Earth and Planetary
... are the frequency domain transformations of the traces to be correlated, IFFT represents the inverse fast Fourier transform operation, and the ‘ operation gives the complexconjugate of the transformed trace. These correlation coefficients range between 1 and -1, where 1 indicates a perfect match and ...
... are the frequency domain transformations of the traces to be correlated, IFFT represents the inverse fast Fourier transform operation, and the ‘ operation gives the complexconjugate of the transformed trace. These correlation coefficients range between 1 and -1, where 1 indicates a perfect match and ...
letters - Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
... the presence of Moho reflections beneath a crustal magma chamber at the 98 03 0 N overlapping spreading centre, East Pacific Rise. Our observations highlight the formation of the Moho at zero-aged crust. Over a distance of less than 7 km along the ridge crest, a rapid increase in two-way travel time ...
... the presence of Moho reflections beneath a crustal magma chamber at the 98 03 0 N overlapping spreading centre, East Pacific Rise. Our observations highlight the formation of the Moho at zero-aged crust. Over a distance of less than 7 km along the ridge crest, a rapid increase in two-way travel time ...
Chapter 9 Convergent margin tectonics: A marine perspective
... seaward flank of forearc basins. Single-channel marine seismic reflection data of the academic community were grossly inadequate to reveal the complex structure along active convergent margins. In hindsight, even the early multichannel Exxon record processed with digital methods available only in in ...
... seaward flank of forearc basins. Single-channel marine seismic reflection data of the academic community were grossly inadequate to reveal the complex structure along active convergent margins. In hindsight, even the early multichannel Exxon record processed with digital methods available only in in ...
Composition of the crust and upper-mantle in the central Andes (19
... The present-day crustal structure of the Andean chain results from deformation processes and magmatic activity since the onset of subduction. One line of investigation to resolve questions about the mechanism of crustal thickening is to get information about the composition of the crust and upper-ma ...
... The present-day crustal structure of the Andean chain results from deformation processes and magmatic activity since the onset of subduction. One line of investigation to resolve questions about the mechanism of crustal thickening is to get information about the composition of the crust and upper-ma ...
The Moho in subduction zones - Earth and Space Sciences at the
... and second with the overriding plate. The seismic expression of both forms is linked to the nature of a landward dipping, low-velocity zone (LVZ) that has been detected in a majority of subduction zones about the globe and that approximately coincides with Wadati–Benioff seismicity. We review seismi ...
... and second with the overriding plate. The seismic expression of both forms is linked to the nature of a landward dipping, low-velocity zone (LVZ) that has been detected in a majority of subduction zones about the globe and that approximately coincides with Wadati–Benioff seismicity. We review seismi ...
Full waveform inversion of seismic waves reflected in a stratified
... In reservoir geophysics applications, seismic imaging techniques are expected to provide as much information as possible on fluid-filled reservoir rocks. Since seismograms are, to some degree, sensitive to the mechanical parameters and fluid properties of porous media, inversion methods can be devis ...
... In reservoir geophysics applications, seismic imaging techniques are expected to provide as much information as possible on fluid-filled reservoir rocks. Since seismograms are, to some degree, sensitive to the mechanical parameters and fluid properties of porous media, inversion methods can be devis ...
Plate Tectonics: A Unifying Theory
... the resemblances between plant fossils in the Pennsylvanianaged coal beds of Europe and North America. During the late 19th century, the Austrian geologist Edward Suess noted the similarities between the Late Paleozoic plant fossils of India, Australia, South Africa, and South America, as well as ev ...
... the resemblances between plant fossils in the Pennsylvanianaged coal beds of Europe and North America. During the late 19th century, the Austrian geologist Edward Suess noted the similarities between the Late Paleozoic plant fossils of India, Australia, South Africa, and South America, as well as ev ...
Three-dimensional density structures of Taiwan and tectonic
... The inverse gravimetric problem, particularly the determination of the subsurface density distribution corresponding to the observed gravity anomaly, is well known to have an intrinsic non-uniqueness in its solution. Typical inversion methods generally search for analytical solutions to linearizable ...
... The inverse gravimetric problem, particularly the determination of the subsurface density distribution corresponding to the observed gravity anomaly, is well known to have an intrinsic non-uniqueness in its solution. Typical inversion methods generally search for analytical solutions to linearizable ...
Asymmetry of high-velocity lower crust on the South
... the onshore parts of seismic lines 4 and 5 lie within the Damara Belt, whereas lines 6 and 7 cross the Gariep Belt at the coast and extend into the Namaqua-Natal Mobile Belt to the east. The seismic traverse across the southern margin of Africa (Stankiewicz et al., 2008) crosses the Cape Fold Belt a ...
... the onshore parts of seismic lines 4 and 5 lie within the Damara Belt, whereas lines 6 and 7 cross the Gariep Belt at the coast and extend into the Namaqua-Natal Mobile Belt to the east. The seismic traverse across the southern margin of Africa (Stankiewicz et al., 2008) crosses the Cape Fold Belt a ...
Small-scale convection at the edge of the Colorado Plateau
... find that the predicted maximum thermally induced, VS contrast between CP and BRP lithosphere is up to 14% in VS and up to 9% in VP and may be enhanced by another 1.5%–2% by lithospheric depletion (Fig. 2D; Fig. DR1). This range is similar in magnitude to that imaged (Sine et al., 2008). However, to ...
... find that the predicted maximum thermally induced, VS contrast between CP and BRP lithosphere is up to 14% in VS and up to 9% in VP and may be enhanced by another 1.5%–2% by lithospheric depletion (Fig. 2D; Fig. DR1). This range is similar in magnitude to that imaged (Sine et al., 2008). However, to ...
Short-term episodicity of Archaean plate tectonics
... regional scale (Smithies et al., 2005). Secondly, the burial of mafic rocks in the mantle can occur in nonsubduction environments (e.g., by delamination of the mafic crust; Bédard, 2006), but in these models, it is unclear how hydrous rocks are transported down. We acknowledge, however, that geochem ...
... regional scale (Smithies et al., 2005). Secondly, the burial of mafic rocks in the mantle can occur in nonsubduction environments (e.g., by delamination of the mafic crust; Bédard, 2006), but in these models, it is unclear how hydrous rocks are transported down. We acknowledge, however, that geochem ...
Magnetotellurics
Magnetotellurics (MT) is an electromagnetic geophysical method for inferring the earth's subsurface electrical conductivity from measurements of natural geomagnetic and geoelectric field variation at the Earth's surface. Investigation depth ranges from 300m below ground by recording higher frequencies down to 10,000m or deeper with long-period soundings. Developed in the USSR and France during the 1950s, MT is now an international academic discipline and is used in exploration surveys around the world. Commercial uses include hydrocarbon (oil and gas) exploration, geothermal exploration, mining exploration, as well as hydrocarbon and groundwater monitoring. Research applications include experimentation to further develop the MT technique, long-period deep crustal exploration, and earthquake precursor prediction research.