Heterotrophic cultures
... organic carbon, such as acetate and glucose, are added continuously in small quantities. This is done to support higher microalgal biomass and simultaneously prevent excessive bacterial growth, which would be the outcome if the organic substrates were added in large quantity. Adding organic carbon s ...
... organic carbon, such as acetate and glucose, are added continuously in small quantities. This is done to support higher microalgal biomass and simultaneously prevent excessive bacterial growth, which would be the outcome if the organic substrates were added in large quantity. Adding organic carbon s ...
Nitrogen in Insects - Arizona State University
... strict homeostasis in which body elemental composition shows no change in response to variation in food nutrient content. For instance, in another study of C and P balance in Daphnia, body P content declined, but only modestly (by ∼20%–30%), when animals were fed diets with greatly reduced (20-fold ...
... strict homeostasis in which body elemental composition shows no change in response to variation in food nutrient content. For instance, in another study of C and P balance in Daphnia, body P content declined, but only modestly (by ∼20%–30%), when animals were fed diets with greatly reduced (20-fold ...
Recent research with inoculants and N fertilizers for field pea has
... soil depth) was less than 20 kg N ha-1, application of N increased pea yield in 1/3 of the trials by an average of 11%. In these trials, the benefits of Starter N was moderate despite appreciable deficits between soil NO3-N and accumulation of N by pea; this was likely due to adequate nodulation of ...
... soil depth) was less than 20 kg N ha-1, application of N increased pea yield in 1/3 of the trials by an average of 11%. In these trials, the benefits of Starter N was moderate despite appreciable deficits between soil NO3-N and accumulation of N by pea; this was likely due to adequate nodulation of ...
Organic matter and biological activity
... growth when there is enough oxygen in the soil. However, they produce alcohols and organic acids that harm plant tissue when oxygen is lacking. The chemoautotrophs obtain their energy for growth and development from other chemical elements such as nitrogen, sulphur, iron or hydrogen, instead from ca ...
... growth when there is enough oxygen in the soil. However, they produce alcohols and organic acids that harm plant tissue when oxygen is lacking. The chemoautotrophs obtain their energy for growth and development from other chemical elements such as nitrogen, sulphur, iron or hydrogen, instead from ca ...
AMINO ACID METABOLISM
... E. As a source of energy, amino acid carbon skeletons are directly oxidized, or, in the starved state, converted to glucose and ketone bodies, and then oxidized. • Nitrogen must be removed before the carbon skeletons of amino acids are oxidized. • The liver is the major site of amino acid oxidation ...
... E. As a source of energy, amino acid carbon skeletons are directly oxidized, or, in the starved state, converted to glucose and ketone bodies, and then oxidized. • Nitrogen must be removed before the carbon skeletons of amino acids are oxidized. • The liver is the major site of amino acid oxidation ...
Clinical Application of Blood Ammonia Determinations
... Lysinuric protein intolerance results from a defect in the transport of dibasic amino acids in the intestine, kidney and other tissues. 31,32 Poor a b s o r p t i o n , i n creased excretion and poor cellular uptake of ornithine and arginine lead to hyperammonemia because of a deficiency of hepatic ...
... Lysinuric protein intolerance results from a defect in the transport of dibasic amino acids in the intestine, kidney and other tissues. 31,32 Poor a b s o r p t i o n , i n creased excretion and poor cellular uptake of ornithine and arginine lead to hyperammonemia because of a deficiency of hepatic ...
Metabolism of BCAAs
... represent the amino acid cysteine, while the X’s can be any amino acid. Both isozymes of BCAT are reversible, and it is this redox center that permits this reversibility. In most cells, BCAT enzymes operate near equilibrium, with both substrate and product concentrations being at or below their Km v ...
... represent the amino acid cysteine, while the X’s can be any amino acid. Both isozymes of BCAT are reversible, and it is this redox center that permits this reversibility. In most cells, BCAT enzymes operate near equilibrium, with both substrate and product concentrations being at or below their Km v ...
Brock Biology of Microorganisms, Twelfth Edition
... Some nitrogen fixers are free living and others are symbiotic Products Nitrogenase substrates Reaction is catalyzed by nitrogenase Sensitive to the presence of oxygen ...
... Some nitrogen fixers are free living and others are symbiotic Products Nitrogenase substrates Reaction is catalyzed by nitrogenase Sensitive to the presence of oxygen ...
Novel Expression Pattern of Cytosolic Gln
... The area of Frankia-infected tissue in nodules of D. glomerata can be divided into the zone of infection (zone II in Fig. 3A), where Frankia hyphae proliferate to fill the plant cells; the zone of nitrogen fixation (zone III in Fig. 3, A and F), where Frankia vesicles have differentiated and nitroge ...
... The area of Frankia-infected tissue in nodules of D. glomerata can be divided into the zone of infection (zone II in Fig. 3A), where Frankia hyphae proliferate to fill the plant cells; the zone of nitrogen fixation (zone III in Fig. 3, A and F), where Frankia vesicles have differentiated and nitroge ...
Study Guide: Unit 1 AP Environmental Science
... Be able to describe the basic processes of the carbon cycle: photosynthesis (carbon fixation), movement of organic molecules through the food chain, cellular respiration, and combustion. Be able to explain that nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in the soil and on root nodules of certain plants (legumes ...
... Be able to describe the basic processes of the carbon cycle: photosynthesis (carbon fixation), movement of organic molecules through the food chain, cellular respiration, and combustion. Be able to explain that nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in the soil and on root nodules of certain plants (legumes ...
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
... exclusively on plant-derived food sources. Ants are the dominant insect group in tropical rain forests. Associations of ants with microbes, which contribute particularly to the ants’ nitrogen nutrition, could allow these insects to live on mostly or entirely plant-based diets and could thus contribu ...
... exclusively on plant-derived food sources. Ants are the dominant insect group in tropical rain forests. Associations of ants with microbes, which contribute particularly to the ants’ nitrogen nutrition, could allow these insects to live on mostly or entirely plant-based diets and could thus contribu ...
Nitrate reductase activity in chicory roots
... roots, high amounts of photosynthates must be imported and oxidized to provide the required reductants, energy and carbon skeletons. It has been assumed that the mechanisms involved in the control of nitrate reduction were similar in leaves and roots. Since the heterotrophic status of the roots impo ...
... roots, high amounts of photosynthates must be imported and oxidized to provide the required reductants, energy and carbon skeletons. It has been assumed that the mechanisms involved in the control of nitrate reduction were similar in leaves and roots. Since the heterotrophic status of the roots impo ...
Production and consumption of nitrous oxide in nitrate
... is assumed to result from NO detoxification and nitrosative stress defence, while N2O serves as a terminal electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration. The ecological implications of these findings are discussed. ...
... is assumed to result from NO detoxification and nitrosative stress defence, while N2O serves as a terminal electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration. The ecological implications of these findings are discussed. ...
NITROGEN BUDGETS OF PHLOEM
... in all respects except for the presence or absence of D. frontalis. Samples from each infested tree were drawn from each of four mutually exclusive phloem classes (Fig. 1): (1) within 7 mm of adult galleries with successful brood (5 good brood); (2) within 7 mm of adult galleries with unsuccessful b ...
... in all respects except for the presence or absence of D. frontalis. Samples from each infested tree were drawn from each of four mutually exclusive phloem classes (Fig. 1): (1) within 7 mm of adult galleries with successful brood (5 good brood); (2) within 7 mm of adult galleries with unsuccessful b ...
INTERORGAN AMMONIA TRAFFICKING
... • Cirrhosis is associated with 4 folds increase in intestinal PAG activity in the small bowel (j hepatology 2004:41:49-54) • In stable cirrhotic patients with TIPS there is net intestinal ammonia production, which directly correlates with glutamine uptake (Hepatology 2002;36:1163-1171) • The kidney ...
... • Cirrhosis is associated with 4 folds increase in intestinal PAG activity in the small bowel (j hepatology 2004:41:49-54) • In stable cirrhotic patients with TIPS there is net intestinal ammonia production, which directly correlates with glutamine uptake (Hepatology 2002;36:1163-1171) • The kidney ...
Today we are going to discuss a very important topic namely
... Ecosystem was coined in 1930 by Roy Clapham, to denote the physical and biological components of an environment considered in relation to each other as a unit. British ecologist Arthur Tansley later refined the term, describing it as the interactive system established between biocoenosis (a group of ...
... Ecosystem was coined in 1930 by Roy Clapham, to denote the physical and biological components of an environment considered in relation to each other as a unit. British ecologist Arthur Tansley later refined the term, describing it as the interactive system established between biocoenosis (a group of ...
Whole Ecosystem Nitrogen Manipulation Experiments: A
... The earth's atmosphere is approximately 80% nitrogen. This gaseous form (N2) is inert and unavailable for use directly by most organisms. Nitrogen in its reduced (e.g. ammonia) or oxidised (e.g. nitrate) forms is a nutrient of great importance to plants, forming vital amino acids and proteins. The a ...
... The earth's atmosphere is approximately 80% nitrogen. This gaseous form (N2) is inert and unavailable for use directly by most organisms. Nitrogen in its reduced (e.g. ammonia) or oxidised (e.g. nitrate) forms is a nutrient of great importance to plants, forming vital amino acids and proteins. The a ...
Plant and soil characteristics affected by biofertilizers from rocks and
... 3.1. Biofertilizer with diazotrophic bacteria and C. elegans The chemical analyses (pH, total N, and available P and K) are shown in Table 1. The pH results significantly differed between both products in regard to period of incubation, especially from 10 to 20 days. The reduction in pH values was e ...
... 3.1. Biofertilizer with diazotrophic bacteria and C. elegans The chemical analyses (pH, total N, and available P and K) are shown in Table 1. The pH results significantly differed between both products in regard to period of incubation, especially from 10 to 20 days. The reduction in pH values was e ...
Growth and carbon accumulation in root systems of Pinus
... has the potential to raise global temperatures, alter nutrient cycling, and directly affect plant growth and carbon accumulation. Although the effects of elevated CO2 on photosynthesis and aboveground plant growth have been studied extensively (Rogers and Runion 1994, Ceulemans and Mousseau 1994, Gu ...
... has the potential to raise global temperatures, alter nutrient cycling, and directly affect plant growth and carbon accumulation. Although the effects of elevated CO2 on photosynthesis and aboveground plant growth have been studied extensively (Rogers and Runion 1994, Ceulemans and Mousseau 1994, Gu ...
2. Lect. Urea cycle
... Regulation of the urea cycle N-Acetylglutamate is an essential activator for carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I—the rate-limiting step in the urea cycle. NAcetylglutamate is synthesized from acetyl coenzyme A and glutamate by N-acetylglutamate synthase , in a reaction for which arginine is an activat ...
... Regulation of the urea cycle N-Acetylglutamate is an essential activator for carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I—the rate-limiting step in the urea cycle. NAcetylglutamate is synthesized from acetyl coenzyme A and glutamate by N-acetylglutamate synthase , in a reaction for which arginine is an activat ...
27. biosynthesis of amino acids
... reductases. Ammonia so formed can be synthesized into amino acids by plants which are then used up by animals as source of amino acids, both essential and nonessential, to built animal proteins. When organisms die, the microbes degrade their body proteins to ammonia in the soil, where nitrifying bac ...
... reductases. Ammonia so formed can be synthesized into amino acids by plants which are then used up by animals as source of amino acids, both essential and nonessential, to built animal proteins. When organisms die, the microbes degrade their body proteins to ammonia in the soil, where nitrifying bac ...
ECOSYSTEM 250Q
... The populations will decrease as they have less area to find food and shelter. ...
... The populations will decrease as they have less area to find food and shelter. ...
A Biotic Revolution - Perfect Blend Biotic Fertilizers
... of soil fertility, which is described below. Our biotic fertilizers are designed to mimic nature in generating growth in soil microorganism populations, which provide the key to soil fertility. Natural soil fertility is always the result of the life cycle of soil microorganisms, which contain high p ...
... of soil fertility, which is described below. Our biotic fertilizers are designed to mimic nature in generating growth in soil microorganism populations, which provide the key to soil fertility. Natural soil fertility is always the result of the life cycle of soil microorganisms, which contain high p ...
1. INTRODUCTION Pollution of heavy metals resulted from
... growth. Zn showed significant linear regression (P˂0.05) with the biochemical parameters where r2 for chl. a, dry weight, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids = 0.87, 0.847, 0.584, 0.584 and 0.830, respectively. The inhibitory effects of higher doses of metal on the tested algae reflected the fact tha ...
... growth. Zn showed significant linear regression (P˂0.05) with the biochemical parameters where r2 for chl. a, dry weight, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids = 0.87, 0.847, 0.584, 0.584 and 0.830, respectively. The inhibitory effects of higher doses of metal on the tested algae reflected the fact tha ...
Nitrogen cycle
The nitrogen cycle is the process by which nitrogen is converted between its various chemical forms. This transformation can be carried out through both biological and physical processes. Important processes in the nitrogen cycle include fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification. The majority of Earth's atmosphere (78%) is nitrogen, making it the largest pool of nitrogen. However, atmospheric nitrogen has limited availability for biological use, leading to a scarcity of usable nitrogen in many types of ecosystems. The nitrogen cycle is of particular interest to ecologists because nitrogen availability can affect the rate of key ecosystem processes, including primary production and decomposition. Human activities such as fossil fuel combustion, use of artificial nitrogen fertilizers, and release of nitrogen in wastewater have dramatically altered the global nitrogen cycle.