A Consumer-Resource Approach to Community Structure1 The
... species consumes are called its resources. That the consumer-resource interaction is the central biotic interaction is illustrated by any diagram of a food web. In a food web, there are two distinct types of links: consumer-resource interactions and the various processes that supply the abiotic reso ...
... species consumes are called its resources. That the consumer-resource interaction is the central biotic interaction is illustrated by any diagram of a food web. In a food web, there are two distinct types of links: consumer-resource interactions and the various processes that supply the abiotic reso ...
Ecosystem of Change
... _______ No ecosystem is completely unchanging. _______ All ecological change is either primary or secondary succession. _______ Wind and water help weather rock and form soil in primary succession. _______ Plants can grow in an area only after soil has formed. _______ Trees usually colonize an area ...
... _______ No ecosystem is completely unchanging. _______ All ecological change is either primary or secondary succession. _______ Wind and water help weather rock and form soil in primary succession. _______ Plants can grow in an area only after soil has formed. _______ Trees usually colonize an area ...
biodiversity education factsheet
... biodiversity and ecoschools There are many ways that schools, students, and teachers can incorporate biodiversity into their emerging or existing Ontario EcoSchools program. Below are examples of opportunities that link to the Ontario EcoSchools program. Below are some examples that link biodiversi ...
... biodiversity and ecoschools There are many ways that schools, students, and teachers can incorporate biodiversity into their emerging or existing Ontario EcoSchools program. Below are examples of opportunities that link to the Ontario EcoSchools program. Below are some examples that link biodiversi ...
Feb 6 Primary Productivity: Controls, Patterns, Consequences
... Leaf area index (LAI) - equivalent to the total upper surface area of all leaves per area of ground. Ranges from 0 to 8 m2 leaf/ m2 ground. LAI is a key parameter governing ecosystem processes because it determines both the area that is potentially available to absorb light and the degree to which l ...
... Leaf area index (LAI) - equivalent to the total upper surface area of all leaves per area of ground. Ranges from 0 to 8 m2 leaf/ m2 ground. LAI is a key parameter governing ecosystem processes because it determines both the area that is potentially available to absorb light and the degree to which l ...
Low biodiversity state persists two decades after cessation of
... All statistical tests were conducted in R 2.13.2 (www.r-project.org). To summarise temporal trends in plant species richness, plant species diversity and E. repens relative biomass, we fit loess regressions using the geom_smooth function in the ggplot2 package (Wickham 2010). To test for a hystereti ...
... All statistical tests were conducted in R 2.13.2 (www.r-project.org). To summarise temporal trends in plant species richness, plant species diversity and E. repens relative biomass, we fit loess regressions using the geom_smooth function in the ggplot2 package (Wickham 2010). To test for a hystereti ...
Changes in plant community composition, not diversity, during a
... 2. We added both N (10 g m2) and three levels of P (2.5, 5 and 10 g m2) to a native, ungrazed tallgrass prairie burned biennially in northeastern Kansas, USA, to determine the independent and interactive effects of N and P on plant community composition and above-ground net primary productivity (A ...
... 2. We added both N (10 g m2) and three levels of P (2.5, 5 and 10 g m2) to a native, ungrazed tallgrass prairie burned biennially in northeastern Kansas, USA, to determine the independent and interactive effects of N and P on plant community composition and above-ground net primary productivity (A ...
Towards a food web perspective on biodiversity and ecosystem
... simplifications are justified, or alternatively, whether they have led ecologists to potentially erroneous conclusions. However, what is clear is that a large body of research in ecology has shown that interactions of species across trophic levels can have cascading impacts that influence the diversity ...
... simplifications are justified, or alternatively, whether they have led ecologists to potentially erroneous conclusions. However, what is clear is that a large body of research in ecology has shown that interactions of species across trophic levels can have cascading impacts that influence the diversity ...
Dr Michelle Maloney - Australian Earth Laws Alliance
... IPAT - First proposed by Ehrlich and Holdren in the early 1970s as a way to calculate the impact of humans on the environment IPAT is an equation that expresses the idea that environmental impact (I) is the product of three factors: Population (P), Affluence (A) and Technology (T). (affluence = cons ...
... IPAT - First proposed by Ehrlich and Holdren in the early 1970s as a way to calculate the impact of humans on the environment IPAT is an equation that expresses the idea that environmental impact (I) is the product of three factors: Population (P), Affluence (A) and Technology (T). (affluence = cons ...
Introducing Permaculture to Economic Ecosystems: the Integrative
... in an object, but the overall energy that systems require to produce objects directly and indirectly. Different energy kinds have different quality levels depending on how much transformation processes and dissipation is needed to create them. The "embodied energy analysis" seeks to take account of ...
... in an object, but the overall energy that systems require to produce objects directly and indirectly. Different energy kinds have different quality levels depending on how much transformation processes and dissipation is needed to create them. The "embodied energy analysis" seeks to take account of ...
Viruses and prokaryotes in the deep-sea
... This process, called “viral shunt”, fuels prokaryotic heterotrophic production by releasing dissolved organic compounds and/or support autotrophic production by enhancing nutrient regeneration pathways, but it can also decrease the efficiency of the carbon transfer to higher trophic levels. The oce ...
... This process, called “viral shunt”, fuels prokaryotic heterotrophic production by releasing dissolved organic compounds and/or support autotrophic production by enhancing nutrient regeneration pathways, but it can also decrease the efficiency of the carbon transfer to higher trophic levels. The oce ...
Community Ecology
... unproductive habitats herbivores are rare because there is not enough forage to support them. At the highest productivity there will only be few herbivores because herbivores are limited by predators. At intermediate productivity, plants are limited by herbivores because there insufficient herbivore ...
... unproductive habitats herbivores are rare because there is not enough forage to support them. At the highest productivity there will only be few herbivores because herbivores are limited by predators. At intermediate productivity, plants are limited by herbivores because there insufficient herbivore ...
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry A
... Organized a symposium, “Novel Molecular and Supramolecular Theory and Synthesis Approaches for Sustainable Catalysis” at the World Chemistry Congress in Busan (August 2015). This symposium included speakers funded a special international call for proposals managed by IUPAC and funded by several nati ...
... Organized a symposium, “Novel Molecular and Supramolecular Theory and Synthesis Approaches for Sustainable Catalysis” at the World Chemistry Congress in Busan (August 2015). This symposium included speakers funded a special international call for proposals managed by IUPAC and funded by several nati ...
WHAT LIVES ON A WIND
... when flats are exposed for long periods of time and become very hot, dry, and extremely salty. Many aquatic and semi-aquatic benthic organisms are found in the wet areas of tidal flats. At the interface between the flat and the adjacent bay where there is little chance of drying out, polychaetes, am ...
... when flats are exposed for long periods of time and become very hot, dry, and extremely salty. Many aquatic and semi-aquatic benthic organisms are found in the wet areas of tidal flats. At the interface between the flat and the adjacent bay where there is little chance of drying out, polychaetes, am ...
Microscale Insight into Microbial Seed Banks
... and Soyer, 2016). Because it is challenging to integrate this fine-scale complexity into empirical studies, microorganisms are often investigated at spatial scales that exceed the scales of their individual interactions (Fierer and Lennon, 2011; Vos et al., 2013). For this reason, microorganisms may ...
... and Soyer, 2016). Because it is challenging to integrate this fine-scale complexity into empirical studies, microorganisms are often investigated at spatial scales that exceed the scales of their individual interactions (Fierer and Lennon, 2011; Vos et al., 2013). For this reason, microorganisms may ...
Chapter 11
... populations and communities. For example, it provides the basis for r- and K-selected species. Species that are K-selected maintain populations typically at or near carrying capacity. They survive and reproduce under conditions of strong competition and resource depletion. In contrast, r-selected sp ...
... populations and communities. For example, it provides the basis for r- and K-selected species. Species that are K-selected maintain populations typically at or near carrying capacity. They survive and reproduce under conditions of strong competition and resource depletion. In contrast, r-selected sp ...
Kyrgyzstan priorities in environment protection
... The Kyrgyz Republic is a Party of 13 international agreements and conventions on the nature protection and performance of commitments within them contributes to supporting of ecological sustainability and allows attracting external funds for stabilization, prevention of degradation processes of na ...
... The Kyrgyz Republic is a Party of 13 international agreements and conventions on the nature protection and performance of commitments within them contributes to supporting of ecological sustainability and allows attracting external funds for stabilization, prevention of degradation processes of na ...
Qi Peng
... scale was still uncertain at that time. (1942) Researchers such as Huchinson challenged this interpretation by stating that only lakes already well-supplied with nutrients can have a true eutrophication process. Therefore, other factors such as the nutrient supply and the morphometric character of t ...
... scale was still uncertain at that time. (1942) Researchers such as Huchinson challenged this interpretation by stating that only lakes already well-supplied with nutrients can have a true eutrophication process. Therefore, other factors such as the nutrient supply and the morphometric character of t ...
Effect of Parity on Productivity and Sustainability of
... during the spring when sunlight increases and the water is nutrient rich from the winter. This growth then provides more food for the zooplankton whose population also increases which in turn provides more food for fish [16]. In 1960, Hairston, Slobodkin, and Smith (HSS) [6] conjectured that top dow ...
... during the spring when sunlight increases and the water is nutrient rich from the winter. This growth then provides more food for the zooplankton whose population also increases which in turn provides more food for fish [16]. In 1960, Hairston, Slobodkin, and Smith (HSS) [6] conjectured that top dow ...
AG. 518 BOTANY\RANGE SCIENCE
... Explain a food chain, discussing the two major types of food chain, how they are different and how they are similar Sketch several simple food chains and indicate all producers and consumers Explain microconsumers and why they are important Explain biomass and how it is measured Discuss why biomass ...
... Explain a food chain, discussing the two major types of food chain, how they are different and how they are similar Sketch several simple food chains and indicate all producers and consumers Explain microconsumers and why they are important Explain biomass and how it is measured Discuss why biomass ...
sampling design - Herbivory Network
... Information collected in this study will contribute to the development of a more general protocol to measure invertebrate herbivory in tundra, but also represents a standalone project. All contributors will be welcomed to coauthor the resulting publication. This first assessment will focus on spatia ...
... Information collected in this study will contribute to the development of a more general protocol to measure invertebrate herbivory in tundra, but also represents a standalone project. All contributors will be welcomed to coauthor the resulting publication. This first assessment will focus on spatia ...
The Nitrogen Cycle
... nitrogen gas (N2 ) to ammonia (NH3) which the plants can use. Step 2- Nitrification- Nitrification is the process which converts the ammonia into nitrite ions which the plants can take in as nutrients. Step 3- Ammonification- After all of the living organisms have used the nitrogen, decomposer bacte ...
... nitrogen gas (N2 ) to ammonia (NH3) which the plants can use. Step 2- Nitrification- Nitrification is the process which converts the ammonia into nitrite ions which the plants can take in as nutrients. Step 3- Ammonification- After all of the living organisms have used the nitrogen, decomposer bacte ...
Slide 1
... 1st Law = Conservation of Energy 2nd Law = Energy transformations result in an increase in entropy, i.e., only a fraction of the energy captured by one trophic level is available to do work in the next Inverted pyramids of biomass can occur (e.g., whales, krill, phytoplankton in southern oceans), bu ...
... 1st Law = Conservation of Energy 2nd Law = Energy transformations result in an increase in entropy, i.e., only a fraction of the energy captured by one trophic level is available to do work in the next Inverted pyramids of biomass can occur (e.g., whales, krill, phytoplankton in southern oceans), bu ...