Policy Plus: African Growth Performance 1960-2000
... Ndulu/O’Connell List of Figures Figure 1: Country-level growth performance in SSA, 1960-2000 Figure 2: Episodal growth analysis Figure 3: Smoothed average growth in real GDP per capita Figure 4: Regional growth accounting over time Figure 5: Capital accumulation and growth ...
... Ndulu/O’Connell List of Figures Figure 1: Country-level growth performance in SSA, 1960-2000 Figure 2: Episodal growth analysis Figure 3: Smoothed average growth in real GDP per capita Figure 4: Regional growth accounting over time Figure 5: Capital accumulation and growth ...
A GIS of Ethnicity in the Former Soviet Union
... communities abroad for the year 2008-2012” – Targets old and new diaspora differently • Armenia – In 2008, Ministry of Diaspora was established – Dual citizenship in 2007 – Different focuses on financial flows, technology transfer and entrepreneurship • Montenegro – The Diaspora centre within the Mi ...
... communities abroad for the year 2008-2012” – Targets old and new diaspora differently • Armenia – In 2008, Ministry of Diaspora was established – Dual citizenship in 2007 – Different focuses on financial flows, technology transfer and entrepreneurship • Montenegro – The Diaspora centre within the Mi ...
TECHNOLOGY AND THE DYNAMICS OF SPECIALIZATION IN
... literature which the present study intends to close. The review will thus provide a case for the particular methodology chosen in the present study. At the same time, the opening chapter will address a number of theoretical questions which have motivated the recent rise in economists' work on techn ...
... literature which the present study intends to close. The review will thus provide a case for the particular methodology chosen in the present study. At the same time, the opening chapter will address a number of theoretical questions which have motivated the recent rise in economists' work on techn ...
Capital Shares and Income inequality: Evidence from the Long
... picture. For example, some models emphasize that workers are heterogeneous, particularly in terms of skill, and this can have implications for how increasing capital intensity affects inequality. Atkinson (2009) and Atkinson and Bourguignon (2015) discuss such models. In some of these models, produc ...
... picture. For example, some models emphasize that workers are heterogeneous, particularly in terms of skill, and this can have implications for how increasing capital intensity affects inequality. Atkinson (2009) and Atkinson and Bourguignon (2015) discuss such models. In some of these models, produc ...
A theory of capabilities for productive transformation: Learning
... elaborated which defines the phenomenon as a process of productive transformation reflected in diversification into new products and higher value added activities as well as in technological upgrading, the creation of more productive and better jobs and employment patterns that result in rising wage ...
... elaborated which defines the phenomenon as a process of productive transformation reflected in diversification into new products and higher value added activities as well as in technological upgrading, the creation of more productive and better jobs and employment patterns that result in rising wage ...
Lecture Notes for Chapter 5
... Factor Levels and Output Levels • Rybczynski theorem: If a factor of production increases, then the supply of the good that uses this factor relatively intensively increases and the supply of the other good decreases. – An increase in capital causes the supply of food (good that relatively intensive ...
... Factor Levels and Output Levels • Rybczynski theorem: If a factor of production increases, then the supply of the good that uses this factor relatively intensively increases and the supply of the other good decreases. – An increase in capital causes the supply of food (good that relatively intensive ...
Chapter 5 Resources and Trade: The Heckscher-Ohlin
... Factor Levels and Output Levels • Rybczynski theorem: If a factor of production increases, then the supply of the good that uses this factor relatively intensively increases and the supply of the other good decreases. – An increase in capital causes the supply of food (good that relatively intensiv ...
... Factor Levels and Output Levels • Rybczynski theorem: If a factor of production increases, then the supply of the good that uses this factor relatively intensively increases and the supply of the other good decreases. – An increase in capital causes the supply of food (good that relatively intensiv ...
Chapter 07 - University of San Diego Home Pages
... This chapter seeks to identify the economic rationale that underlies Foreign Direct Investment. For example, why do some firms prefer FDI to exporting or licensing. Is the need for control, part of the answer? ...
... This chapter seeks to identify the economic rationale that underlies Foreign Direct Investment. For example, why do some firms prefer FDI to exporting or licensing. Is the need for control, part of the answer? ...
Demystifying modelling methods for trade policy
... of technique are not readily accessible to nonspecialists. It is incumbent upon the modellers to make clear the strengths and limitations of their work in order to avoid misunderstandings as to what the models are actually telling us. A failure to do this risks bringing a useful analytical tool into ...
... of technique are not readily accessible to nonspecialists. It is incumbent upon the modellers to make clear the strengths and limitations of their work in order to avoid misunderstandings as to what the models are actually telling us. A failure to do this risks bringing a useful analytical tool into ...
Jajri(203).pdf
... of FDI on economic growth. By employing the production function, these studies use a range of methodologies; e.g Granger causality test, panel data estimation, and error correction model. In this section, we review the most recent studies linking FDI and economic growth. Marwah and Takavoli (2004) e ...
... of FDI on economic growth. By employing the production function, these studies use a range of methodologies; e.g Granger causality test, panel data estimation, and error correction model. In this section, we review the most recent studies linking FDI and economic growth. Marwah and Takavoli (2004) e ...
Trade in Services: Does Gravity Hold? A Gravity Model
... restrictions act as barriers to trade if they differentiate between firms based on their origin. Although the discussion of barriers thus far has focussed on non-tariff measures, tariff measures occasional do apply in services. Some price measures that impose fees may effectively function as tariffs ...
... restrictions act as barriers to trade if they differentiate between firms based on their origin. Although the discussion of barriers thus far has focussed on non-tariff measures, tariff measures occasional do apply in services. Some price measures that impose fees may effectively function as tariffs ...
The Impact of the Doha Round on Kenya
... some manufactured goods, notably apparel exports to the United States, and agricultural products, mainly tea and horticulture. These years saw rapid modernization, including better communication services and a strong international demand for tourism services. The tourism sector, for example, benefit ...
... some manufactured goods, notably apparel exports to the United States, and agricultural products, mainly tea and horticulture. These years saw rapid modernization, including better communication services and a strong international demand for tourism services. The tourism sector, for example, benefit ...
Demystifying Modelling Methods for Trade Policy
... of technique are not readily accessible to nonspecialists. It is incumbent upon the modellers to make clear the strengths and limitations of their work in order to avoid misunderstandings as to what the models are actually telling us. A failure to do this risks bringing a useful analytical tool into ...
... of technique are not readily accessible to nonspecialists. It is incumbent upon the modellers to make clear the strengths and limitations of their work in order to avoid misunderstandings as to what the models are actually telling us. A failure to do this risks bringing a useful analytical tool into ...
Trade Elasticities - European Commission
... a broad range of past and current issues in international economics. Export elasticities are often invoked to illustrate the relative resilience of certain exporters in the face of a sudden deterioration in their competitive position. The price elasticity of imports, in turn, re‡ects consumers’…deli ...
... a broad range of past and current issues in international economics. Export elasticities are often invoked to illustrate the relative resilience of certain exporters in the face of a sudden deterioration in their competitive position. The price elasticity of imports, in turn, re‡ects consumers’…deli ...
Policy Osmosis: Rethinking Diffusion Processes when
... flows and geographic distances to establish different connections between countries. In a similar vein, cultural similarity has been used in accounts that use policy learning as a diffusion mechanism (e.g. Levi-Faur, 2005; Meseguer, 2005). Martin and Schneider (2007) employ trade weighted averages ...
... flows and geographic distances to establish different connections between countries. In a similar vein, cultural similarity has been used in accounts that use policy learning as a diffusion mechanism (e.g. Levi-Faur, 2005; Meseguer, 2005). Martin and Schneider (2007) employ trade weighted averages ...
DOC - World bank documents
... Choices for simplified SME taxation Obviously there is a relatively short history of small business taxation in transition countries. In the initial stage of tax reforms some countries experimented with the use of standard tax incentive schemes not only for large businesses and foreign investments b ...
... Choices for simplified SME taxation Obviously there is a relatively short history of small business taxation in transition countries. In the initial stage of tax reforms some countries experimented with the use of standard tax incentive schemes not only for large businesses and foreign investments b ...
Revenue-Neutral Tariff Reform: The Welfare Effects of Uniform Tariffs in 13 Developing Countries
... analogy between revenue-raising tariffs and Ramsey taxes, the determination of the ‘true optimum” differential tariff structure demands exhaustive knowledge of demand and cross-price elasticities, which typically does not exist. In practice, governments use the differential tariffs to fulfill differ ...
... analogy between revenue-raising tariffs and Ramsey taxes, the determination of the ‘true optimum” differential tariff structure demands exhaustive knowledge of demand and cross-price elasticities, which typically does not exist. In practice, governments use the differential tariffs to fulfill differ ...
The Home Market Effect and Bilateral Trade Patterns
... continuum of differentiated-product industries. In section two, we show that industries with high transport costs and low substitution elasticities (i.e., more product differentiation) tend to concentrate in the larger country and industries with low transport costs and high substitution elasticitie ...
... continuum of differentiated-product industries. In section two, we show that industries with high transport costs and low substitution elasticities (i.e., more product differentiation) tend to concentrate in the larger country and industries with low transport costs and high substitution elasticitie ...
Regional Trade Integrations: A Comparative Study
... In the GAFTA region more than 57 per cent of intra trade in 2005 was fuel and raw materials, followed by food and beverages with a share of 17 per cent, chemicals (14 per cent), and manufactured goods (about 6 per cent). Trade patterns for GAFTA shifted in favor of food and manufactured goods at the ...
... In the GAFTA region more than 57 per cent of intra trade in 2005 was fuel and raw materials, followed by food and beverages with a share of 17 per cent, chemicals (14 per cent), and manufactured goods (about 6 per cent). Trade patterns for GAFTA shifted in favor of food and manufactured goods at the ...
Causes and effects of international trade regimes: the Cobden
... are also insignificant; the growth in intra-European and transatlantic trade can be systematically attributed only to growth in national incomes. This is also to be found in the Accominotti-Flandreau results, although not highlighted by the authors. In contrast, we find significantly positive coeffi ...
... are also insignificant; the growth in intra-European and transatlantic trade can be systematically attributed only to growth in national incomes. This is also to be found in the Accominotti-Flandreau results, although not highlighted by the authors. In contrast, we find significantly positive coeffi ...
Dynamic Models of International Environmental - ERI-CES
... requirement.6 They obtain that the open-loop Nash equilibrium underestimates the damage of not coordinating environmental policies. The intuition is as follows. An individual country that is considering to emit a marginal amount more causes an increase in the stock of pollution for all countries con ...
... requirement.6 They obtain that the open-loop Nash equilibrium underestimates the damage of not coordinating environmental policies. The intuition is as follows. An individual country that is considering to emit a marginal amount more causes an increase in the stock of pollution for all countries con ...
Growth and Structural Transformation
... GDP per hour, depending upon data availability), each expressed in international dollars. While these two measures often coincide,there are cases in which they differ. For example, several European economies have similar values of GDP per hour as the US, but GDP per capita can be as much as 25% lowe ...
... GDP per hour, depending upon data availability), each expressed in international dollars. While these two measures often coincide,there are cases in which they differ. For example, several European economies have similar values of GDP per hour as the US, but GDP per capita can be as much as 25% lowe ...
TÂY ÚC VÀ TIẾN TRÌNH PHÁT TRIỂN – NHỮNG THỬ THÁCH VÀ
... Foreword Rhetorical assertions notwithstanding, the world of scholarship and the world of policy intersect and inform each other much less than they should do. In order to secure sound policy making in an era of globalisation this is a deficit that must be constantly addressed. It must be addressed ...
... Foreword Rhetorical assertions notwithstanding, the world of scholarship and the world of policy intersect and inform each other much less than they should do. In order to secure sound policy making in an era of globalisation this is a deficit that must be constantly addressed. It must be addressed ...
Regionalism and the Multilateral Trading System
... Effects on third countries (Mercosur end) Same effect for Korea (but with less commodities) Still after controlling for exchange rates and other factors, result holds …rather convincing evidence that for manufactures (differentiated products), preferential trade liberalization lowers prices or exc ...
... Effects on third countries (Mercosur end) Same effect for Korea (but with less commodities) Still after controlling for exchange rates and other factors, result holds …rather convincing evidence that for manufactures (differentiated products), preferential trade liberalization lowers prices or exc ...
World Economic and Social Survey 2011: The Great Green
... Modern agriculture, which underpins global food security, currently contributes about 14 per cent of greenhouse gas emissions, and the land-use and water management related thereto are not sustainable in many parts of the world. Deforestation is contributing an estimated 17 per cent of global emissi ...
... Modern agriculture, which underpins global food security, currently contributes about 14 per cent of greenhouse gas emissions, and the land-use and water management related thereto are not sustainable in many parts of the world. Deforestation is contributing an estimated 17 per cent of global emissi ...