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Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System

... • Axons are bundled together and wrapped in CT, forming peripheral nerves, or nerves • Neuron cell bodies and axons are insulated from their surroundings by processes of glial cells: - satellite cells surround cell bodies in peripheral ganglia - every peripheral axon (unmyelinated or myelinated) is ...
REGULATION nervous system
REGULATION nervous system

... a) Gland – will increase or decrease activity b) Muscle – will contract ...
Symptoms: visual disturbances, ______, loss of
Symptoms: visual disturbances, ______, loss of

... iv. Important in embryonic nervous tissue and some brain regions f. Chemical synapses i. Specialized in the ___________ of neurotransmitters ii. Composed of two parts 1. ________ terminal of the presynaptic neuron 2. ___________ region on the postsynaptic neuron g. Synaptic cleft i. Fluid-filled spa ...
Chapter 12: Neural Tissue
Chapter 12: Neural Tissue

... separation of opposite charges Current = flow of electrical charges (ions) Cell can produce current (nervous impulse) when ions move to eliminate the potential difference (volts) across the membrane Resistance = Restricts ion movement (current) • High resistance = low current • Membrane has resistan ...
CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY

... Each cardiac cell is surrounded by and filled with a solution that contains positively charged ions (+) and negatively charged ions(-). Electrical potential, or transmembrane potential refers to the relative electrical difference between the interior of the cell and that of the fluid surrounding the ...
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The Human Body Systems
The Human Body Systems

... 1. Receive information about what’s happening to the body (both inside & out) 2. Responds to those internal and environmental stimuli 3. Maintains homeostasis B. The Neuron – the basic unit of structure & function 1. Cells that carry information to, from & through the brain by way of nerve impulses. ...
0pt20pt [1.44]Spike Train Correlations Induced [1ex] [1.44]by
0pt20pt [1.44]Spike Train Correlations Induced [1ex] [1.44]by

... Fluctuations of population activity Fluctuations of stationary population activity X S(t) = si (t) ...
Meaning from sensory information
Meaning from sensory information

... kitten, a jaguar or the face of our mother? To make sense of this data, neuroscientists have resorted to tools from other disciplines, particularly from physics and mathematics – or, in more than a few cases, physicists and mathematicians who mastered these tools have turned their eyes into this pro ...
The Biological Perspective
The Biological Perspective

... Structures Under the Cortex  Limbic system – involved in emotions, motivation, memory, and learning  Thalamus – round structure in the center of the brain  Hypothalamus – just below the front of the thalamus  Hippocampus – in the temporal lobes on each side of the brain  Amygdala – near the hi ...
Chapter_03_4E
Chapter_03_4E

... – Spinal cord – Lower regions of the brain – Motor areas of the cerebral cortex • Motor responses for more complex movement patterns typically originate in the motor cortex • A motor reflex is a preprogrammed response that is integrated by the spinal cord without conscious thought ...
Understanding the Transmission of Nerve Impulses
Understanding the Transmission of Nerve Impulses

... called ions. The important ions in the nervous system are sodium and  potassium  (both  have  1  positive  charge,  +),  calcium  (has  2  positive  charges,  ++)  and  chloride  (has  a  negative  charge,  ‐).  There  are  also  some  negatively  charged  protein  molecules.  It  is  also  importan ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... The nervous system then is like the network that relays messages back and forth from the brain to different parts of the body. It does this via the spinal cord, which runs from the brain down through the back and contains threadlike nerves that branch out to every organ and body part. ...
Chapter 12: Neural Tissue
Chapter 12: Neural Tissue

... separation of opposite charges Current = flow of electrical charges (ions) Cell can produce current (nervous impulse) when ions move to eliminate the potential difference (volts) across the membrane Resistance = Restricts ion movement (current) • High resistance = low current • Membrane has resistan ...
Neurons and Neurotransmitters
Neurons and Neurotransmitters

... molecule is internalized in the neuron and the impulse continues. ...
Normal Cellular Physiology
Normal Cellular Physiology

... b. gated ion channels can be opened by ligand binding c. the relative prevalence of non-gated ion channels determines the membrane permeability to ions such as potassium d. polar molecules freely diffuse without need for active transport 29. Which of the following statements about ion channels is co ...
Body Systems - Bishop Ireton High School
Body Systems - Bishop Ireton High School

... passes here 1st  Cell Body  Axon- covered in myelin- acts as insulator, “white matter”-end at axon terminal ...
Neural Basis of Motor Control
Neural Basis of Motor Control

... positive charge, so the neuron becomes more positive and becomes depolarized. It takes longer for potassium channels to open. When they do open, potassium rushes out of the cell, reversing the depolarization. Also at about this time, sodium channels start to close. This causes the action potential t ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... • 1. Medulla Oblongata – regulates heartbeat, breathing rate • 2. Pons – controls muscles of eye and face. • 3. Midbrain – controls pupil size ...
See the tutorial (network)
See the tutorial (network)

... // Create and connect spike detector: create spikegen /neuron1/spike ...
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No Slide Title

... Type I : red, slow, aerobic Type II : white, fast, anaerobic ...
Unit 12 ~ Learning Guide Name
Unit 12 ~ Learning Guide Name

... Fibers ____________________________ wrap around the nerve fibers when they are myelinated. This results in the impulse skipping from node to node. In myelinated axons and dendrites, the impulse can travel up to 200m/s. In unmyelinated fibers, the impulse can be as slow as 0.5 m/s. This difference in ...
BIOL241Neurophys11bJUL2012
BIOL241Neurophys11bJUL2012

... • Insulator – substance with high electrical resistance (e.g. myelin) • Conductor – substance with low electrical resistance (e.g. cytoplasm) ...
The Nervous System and The Brain
The Nervous System and The Brain

... and a muscle. When ACh is released to the muscle cells, the muscle contracts. If ACh is blocked, muscles cannot contract. Ex. Curare – Poison that occupies and blocks ACh receptor sites leaving the neurotransmitter unable to affect the muscles – result is paralysis. Monkey http://www.youtube.com/wat ...
Neural Decoding www.AssignmentPoint.com Neural decoding is a
Neural Decoding www.AssignmentPoint.com Neural decoding is a

... the back of our retina, these stimuli are converted from varying wavelengths to a series of neural spikes called action potentials. These pattern of action potentials are different for different objects and different colors; we therefore say that the neurons are encoding objects and colors by varyin ...
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Single-unit recording

In neuroscience, single-unit recordings provide a method of measuring the electro-physiological responses of single neurons using a microelectrode system. When a neuron generates an action potential, the signal propagates down the neuron as a current which flows in and out of the cell through excitable membrane regions in the soma and axon. A microelectrode is inserted into the brain, where it can record the rate of change in voltage with respect to time. These microelectrodes must be fine-tipped, high-impedance conductors; they are primarily glass micro-pipettes or metal microelectrodes made of platinum or tungsten. Microelectrodes can be carefully placed within (or close to) the cell membrane, allowing the ability to record intracellularly or extracellularly.Single-unit recordings are widely used in cognitive science, where it permits the analysis of human cognition and cortical mapping. This information can then be applied to brain machine interface (BMI) technologies for brain control of external devices.
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