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Implementation of Argumentation as Process in Theoretical Linguistics
... live.” The results of an analysis of any of these levels refers to meanings that are derived from the sentence and described in categories. The grammaticalisation of language as linguistic method is per se a semiotic practice of the linguist, who is giving meanings to structural elements of the lang ...
... live.” The results of an analysis of any of these levels refers to meanings that are derived from the sentence and described in categories. The grammaticalisation of language as linguistic method is per se a semiotic practice of the linguist, who is giving meanings to structural elements of the lang ...
as a PDF
... 3.1. We have seen that the devices of case relation marking do not fall into neatly distinct classes, but differ only gradually so that they may be ordered on a scale. Such a scale is a grammaticalization scale. It is set up according to a set of criteria which concern the autonomy of the language s ...
... 3.1. We have seen that the devices of case relation marking do not fall into neatly distinct classes, but differ only gradually so that they may be ordered on a scale. Such a scale is a grammaticalization scale. It is set up according to a set of criteria which concern the autonomy of the language s ...
A typology of subject marker and object marker systems in African
... for example, modern Romance languages have pronominal morphemes (commonly termed ‘clitic pronouns’) that are morphosyntactically bound to the verb, but that in most cases are used only to refer to an entity that is not represented by a noun phrase in the same clause. Stage II pronominal markers are ...
... for example, modern Romance languages have pronominal morphemes (commonly termed ‘clitic pronouns’) that are morphosyntactically bound to the verb, but that in most cases are used only to refer to an entity that is not represented by a noun phrase in the same clause. Stage II pronominal markers are ...
Analysis and Synthesis of the Semantic Functions of Reduplication
... Next, I deal with data indicating similarity. In (8) above, reduplication produces a new meaning that is similar to the root word’s original meaning. The meaning of hati-hati may arise from the meaning of hati extended by a metaphor. The corpus data used for this study did not contain any other prop ...
... Next, I deal with data indicating similarity. In (8) above, reduplication produces a new meaning that is similar to the root word’s original meaning. The meaning of hati-hati may arise from the meaning of hati extended by a metaphor. The corpus data used for this study did not contain any other prop ...
Structural Parsing
... The auxiliary verb “can” modifies the whole sentence. In the sentence graph this is expressed with a POS-frame. We have discussed frame words like BE-frame, NEC-frame, NOT-frame, OR-frame, IF-THEN-frame or POS-frame in [6]. The auxiliary verb “ have ” is essentially “be with ”. The BE-frame can be s ...
... The auxiliary verb “can” modifies the whole sentence. In the sentence graph this is expressed with a POS-frame. We have discussed frame words like BE-frame, NEC-frame, NOT-frame, OR-frame, IF-THEN-frame or POS-frame in [6]. The auxiliary verb “ have ” is essentially “be with ”. The BE-frame can be s ...
Document
... (Meyer, English …. 2002) (30) “Because the plane was off-course when it crashed and painted white against the snow-cover terrain, rescuers were unable to locate the ...
... (Meyer, English …. 2002) (30) “Because the plane was off-course when it crashed and painted white against the snow-cover terrain, rescuers were unable to locate the ...
- Common Assessment Initiative
... ideas, within a single document, in a variety of sections of multi-page academic fiction or ...
... ideas, within a single document, in a variety of sections of multi-page academic fiction or ...
2016 Editorial Style Guide
... This guide was created for those who write and edit St. Joseph’s College publications, marketing material and other forms of print and digital communication to maintain a greater consistency of editorial style throughout all offices and departments. In addition to addressing particular usage and sty ...
... This guide was created for those who write and edit St. Joseph’s College publications, marketing material and other forms of print and digital communication to maintain a greater consistency of editorial style throughout all offices and departments. In addition to addressing particular usage and sty ...
On problems of address in an automatic dictionary of
... by the initial trigram, and even by two letters only, these being letters I and II, or I and III. The difficulties arise either from very rare words, which one can eliminate without inconvenience, or from prefixes: a word like engerbant is grouped, because of its prefix, with englobant, and recourse ...
... by the initial trigram, and even by two letters only, these being letters I and II, or I and III. The difficulties arise either from very rare words, which one can eliminate without inconvenience, or from prefixes: a word like engerbant is grouped, because of its prefix, with englobant, and recourse ...
Weighing semantic distinctions
... topics Christian Lehmann has coverd in his more than 35 years of research in linguistic typology and language theory. One area of his research, namely grammaticalization theory, plays such an important role in current linguistics and linguistic typology that there is a separate volume dedicated to t ...
... topics Christian Lehmann has coverd in his more than 35 years of research in linguistic typology and language theory. One area of his research, namely grammaticalization theory, plays such an important role in current linguistics and linguistic typology that there is a separate volume dedicated to t ...
Focus in Bantu
... marked by an inflectional morpheme following the tense-marker: D60, M40, (M50), M60, P20-30, S20-30, K21, S40-50. This contrast is talked about in the literature in two slightly different ways: in terms of the relationship between verb and other constituents, or in terms of what is focused. Conjunct ...
... marked by an inflectional morpheme following the tense-marker: D60, M40, (M50), M60, P20-30, S20-30, K21, S40-50. This contrast is talked about in the literature in two slightly different ways: in terms of the relationship between verb and other constituents, or in terms of what is focused. Conjunct ...
C86-1141 - Association for Computational Linguistics
... !.1. Spelling-to-sound conversion The first problem encountered in synthesizing speech from written text is that of spelling-to-sound conversion. Certain languages are much easier than others in this respect. For example, about 50 rules are sufficient for tl~e conversion of written Spanish into phon ...
... !.1. Spelling-to-sound conversion The first problem encountered in synthesizing speech from written text is that of spelling-to-sound conversion. Certain languages are much easier than others in this respect. For example, about 50 rules are sufficient for tl~e conversion of written Spanish into phon ...
Zipf`s law and the grammar of languages: A quantitative
... The idea that such grammatical differences can be reflected in quantitative analyses goes back to the earliest writings of Zipf (1932, 1965 [1935]). He considered the number and distributions of unique word forms in different languages to be linguistically interesting. Analyzing the patterns of word ...
... The idea that such grammatical differences can be reflected in quantitative analyses goes back to the earliest writings of Zipf (1932, 1965 [1935]). He considered the number and distributions of unique word forms in different languages to be linguistically interesting. Analyzing the patterns of word ...
Full Text - Journal of Foreign Languages, Cultures
... Coordination and Subordination are common but important syntactic phenomena exhibited by natural languages. In investigating these phenomena, scholars have paid attention to its associated syntactic features such as the connecting devices, structural types, compression rules and constraining princip ...
... Coordination and Subordination are common but important syntactic phenomena exhibited by natural languages. In investigating these phenomena, scholars have paid attention to its associated syntactic features such as the connecting devices, structural types, compression rules and constraining princip ...
Corpus Linguistics
... (e.g., the advent of secondary school for all children, with more democratic access to university is translated with und ‘and’ joining the two noun phrases, instead of mit). The work on collocation and meaning has also been applied crosslinguistically. Words that appear to be synonyms, because they ...
... (e.g., the advent of secondary school for all children, with more democratic access to university is translated with und ‘and’ joining the two noun phrases, instead of mit). The work on collocation and meaning has also been applied crosslinguistically. Words that appear to be synonyms, because they ...
month
... Identify and use the past and past participle forms of irregular verbs. Recognize that some irregular verbs follow patterns Identify which verb form is correct from pairs that are confused. ...
... Identify and use the past and past participle forms of irregular verbs. Recognize that some irregular verbs follow patterns Identify which verb form is correct from pairs that are confused. ...
GLOBALEX 2016 Lexicographic Resources for Human
... participants of a word are primarily distinguished by their morphological category of case. Following Karlík (2000), a distinction between structural cases (NOM and ACC) and non-structural cases (GEN, DAT, LOC, and INS) is useful for the description of verbal valency. A similar distinction turns out ...
... participants of a word are primarily distinguished by their morphological category of case. Following Karlík (2000), a distinction between structural cases (NOM and ACC) and non-structural cases (GEN, DAT, LOC, and INS) is useful for the description of verbal valency. A similar distinction turns out ...
A tool for linking Bliss symbols to WordNet
... and a possibility to share knowledge about concept coding and its possibilities. This has also become a common resource for symbol support which can be used in several adaptions and further projects. The test texts, tools and documents will be published on a project web site, the resources will also ...
... and a possibility to share knowledge about concept coding and its possibilities. This has also become a common resource for symbol support which can be used in several adaptions and further projects. The test texts, tools and documents will be published on a project web site, the resources will also ...
Worksheets with stimulus pictures
... to record which picture the subject points to throughout the experiment. Circle the number that corresponds to the location to which the subject pointed. The location of the correct answer (the matching picture) is indicated by the number that is in bold. If the subject would like to hear the audito ...
... to record which picture the subject points to throughout the experiment. Circle the number that corresponds to the location to which the subject pointed. The location of the correct answer (the matching picture) is indicated by the number that is in bold. If the subject would like to hear the audito ...
$doc.title
... only enable us to write down formulae with at most four distinct propositional variables. Were we to use single letters from the English alphabet in both upper and lower case to denote propositional variables, this would restrict us to formulae with at most fifty-two distinct Boolean variables. But ...
... only enable us to write down formulae with at most four distinct propositional variables. Were we to use single letters from the English alphabet in both upper and lower case to denote propositional variables, this would restrict us to formulae with at most fifty-two distinct Boolean variables. But ...
Syntax
... very different functions in the English language. For example only “*Colorless green ideas sleep furiously” is a grammatically well formed sentence, although all of the sentences demonstrate incompatabilities of certain words with other words in the same sentence. ...
... very different functions in the English language. For example only “*Colorless green ideas sleep furiously” is a grammatically well formed sentence, although all of the sentences demonstrate incompatabilities of certain words with other words in the same sentence. ...
Negation in Mauwake, a Papuan language
... negation strategy in the largest group of Papuan languages, the Trans-New Guinea Phylum. Sentani both adds a prefix to the verb and changes the verb inflection as well (Hartzler 1994). Some Papuan languages use a combination of various strategies. Amele has two particles, qee for statements and cain ...
... negation strategy in the largest group of Papuan languages, the Trans-New Guinea Phylum. Sentani both adds a prefix to the verb and changes the verb inflection as well (Hartzler 1994). Some Papuan languages use a combination of various strategies. Amele has two particles, qee for statements and cain ...
Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual VCLA Indo-European
... e.g. that of languages which only have (a) and (b), such as English, anel languages with (a), (b), and (f), such as Latin and Greek, one cannot speak of any sort of object marking on the verbo It would be intercsting to find out what other typological feature relates with the occurrcncc or non-occur ...
... e.g. that of languages which only have (a) and (b), such as English, anel languages with (a), (b), and (f), such as Latin and Greek, one cannot speak of any sort of object marking on the verbo It would be intercsting to find out what other typological feature relates with the occurrcncc or non-occur ...
Relearning Athabascan languages in Alaska
... describe different ways of handling objects (for example, liquid in an open container is handled in a different way than a flat, flexible object), and hence these verb forms can be readily understood in terms of the object being handled. But the classificatory roots are only one example of mismatch ...
... describe different ways of handling objects (for example, liquid in an open container is handled in a different way than a flat, flexible object), and hence these verb forms can be readily understood in terms of the object being handled. But the classificatory roots are only one example of mismatch ...
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday
... If the pink gorilla eats watermelon every night, how much watermelons does he eat? ...
... If the pink gorilla eats watermelon every night, how much watermelons does he eat? ...
Agglutination
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Trilingv.jpg?width=300)
Agglutination is a process in linguistic morphology derivation in which complex words are formed by stringing together morphemes without changing them in spelling or phonetics. Languages that use agglutination widely are called agglutinative languages. An example of such a language is Turkish, where for example, the word evlerinizden, or ""from your houses,"" consists of the morphemes, ev-ler-iniz-den with the meanings house-plural-your-from.Agglutinative languages are often contrasted both with languages in which syntactic structure is expressed solely by means of word order and auxiliary words (isolating languages) and with languages in which a single affix typically expresses several syntactic categories and a single category may be expressed by several different affixes (as is the case in inflectional (fusional) languages). However, both fusional and isolating languages may use agglutination in the most-often-used constructs, and use agglutination heavily in certain contexts, such as word derivation. This is the case in English, which has an agglutinated plural marker -(e)s and derived words such as shame·less·ness.Agglutinative suffixes are often inserted irrespective of syllabic boundaries, for example, by adding a consonant to the syllable coda as in English tie – ties. Agglutinative languages also have large inventories of enclitics, which can be and are separated from the word root by native speakers in daily usage.Note that the term agglutination is sometimes used more generally to refer to the morphological process of adding suffixes or other morphemes to the base of a word. This is treated in more detail in the section on other uses of the term.