Augmenting a Hidden Markov Model for Phrase
... of the class noun. This partitioning drastically reduces the number of parameters required in the model, and aids reliable estimation using moderate amounts of training data. Equivalence classes {Eqvl ...Eqvm} replace the words {wl...Wv} (m << v) and P(Eqvi I Ci) replace the parameters P(Wi I Ci). I ...
... of the class noun. This partitioning drastically reduces the number of parameters required in the model, and aids reliable estimation using moderate amounts of training data. Equivalence classes {Eqvl ...Eqvm} replace the words {wl...Wv} (m << v) and P(Eqvi I Ci) replace the parameters P(Wi I Ci). I ...
Tips on Writing a Competitive Grant Proposal - Western SARE
... “The optimum stocking rates and intensive rotations for producing pastured pork will be determined by the project when it is completed.” William Strunk Jr., author of “The Elements of Style,” sums up good writing this way: “Vigorous writing is concise. A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, ...
... “The optimum stocking rates and intensive rotations for producing pastured pork will be determined by the project when it is completed.” William Strunk Jr., author of “The Elements of Style,” sums up good writing this way: “Vigorous writing is concise. A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, ...
D.1.1.3 Use abstract nouns
... The English language uses both regular and irregular verbs. When forming the past tense or the present/past perfect tense of these verbs, we use different methods. To form the past tense of a regular verb ending with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u), add a d to the word. To form the present/past perfect tens ...
... The English language uses both regular and irregular verbs. When forming the past tense or the present/past perfect tense of these verbs, we use different methods. To form the past tense of a regular verb ending with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u), add a d to the word. To form the present/past perfect tens ...
Modifiers and How to Use Them - Student Academic Success Services
... Traditionally, grammar rules instructed that a modifier should not divide the two components of the infinitive form of a verb (to + verb). Awkward: The weather reporter advised that we could expect it to not rain tomorrow. Revised: The weather reporter advised that we could expect it not to rain tom ...
... Traditionally, grammar rules instructed that a modifier should not divide the two components of the infinitive form of a verb (to + verb). Awkward: The weather reporter advised that we could expect it to not rain tomorrow. Revised: The weather reporter advised that we could expect it not to rain tom ...
Lecture 14
... An adverb is a part of speech. It is any word that modifies any othe r part of language: verbs, adjectives (including numbers), clauses, sentences and other adverbs, except for nouns; modifiers of nouns are primarily determiners and adjectives. ...
... An adverb is a part of speech. It is any word that modifies any othe r part of language: verbs, adjectives (including numbers), clauses, sentences and other adverbs, except for nouns; modifiers of nouns are primarily determiners and adjectives. ...
Automatic Refinement of Linguistic Rules for Tagging
... - The value that summarizes the degree of ambiguity is comparable to the one reported in other studies. For instance, [Tzoukermann et al. 97] reports an ambiguity factor ranging from 1.72 to 1.82 per word (depending on the corpus). The table does not include ambiguities due to the presence of locuti ...
... - The value that summarizes the degree of ambiguity is comparable to the one reported in other studies. For instance, [Tzoukermann et al. 97] reports an ambiguity factor ranging from 1.72 to 1.82 per word (depending on the corpus). The table does not include ambiguities due to the presence of locuti ...
1 All in a Day`s Week1 Miriam R.L. Petrucki and Hans C. Boasii
... conception of the lexicon, there is a network of hierarchically organized and intersecting frames through which semantic relationships between collections of concepts are identified. A frame is any system of concepts related in such a way that to understand any one concept it is necessary to underst ...
... conception of the lexicon, there is a network of hierarchically organized and intersecting frames through which semantic relationships between collections of concepts are identified. A frame is any system of concepts related in such a way that to understand any one concept it is necessary to underst ...
Nautilus - Belle Vernon Area School District
... Nolan spends his next fifty five years with companions who are ordered to never mention the United States to him. Nolan spends his next fifty-five years with companions who are ordered never to mention the United States to him. ...
... Nolan spends his next fifty five years with companions who are ordered to never mention the United States to him. Nolan spends his next fifty-five years with companions who are ordered never to mention the United States to him. ...
Highlighting Greek Sentences (Using Nouns of the Second
... Now, if we have the word ἄνθρωπον (ανθρωπ + ον), which means “man,” we know this word is now said to be the object of whatever sentence it finds itself in because it is in the accusative case. Observe the word ἄνθρωπους (ανθρωπ + ους). It too is in the accusative case. However, it is plural and thus ...
... Now, if we have the word ἄνθρωπον (ανθρωπ + ον), which means “man,” we know this word is now said to be the object of whatever sentence it finds itself in because it is in the accusative case. Observe the word ἄνθρωπους (ανθρωπ + ους). It too is in the accusative case. However, it is plural and thus ...
Towards an Automatic Translation of Medical Terminology and Texts
... subcategorisation frame, and can therefore be described in one lexical entry. For example the word 'sell' in English has the following derivations: 'selling' (noun), 'sale' and 'seller'. The first two are nominal forms of the verb, which, along with the verb, fill the zero argument slot (ie the proc ...
... subcategorisation frame, and can therefore be described in one lexical entry. For example the word 'sell' in English has the following derivations: 'selling' (noun), 'sale' and 'seller'. The first two are nominal forms of the verb, which, along with the verb, fill the zero argument slot (ie the proc ...
What is syntax?
... This book is about the property of human language known as syntax.'Syntax' means 'sentence construction': how words group together to make phrases and sentences. Some people also use the term GRAMMAR to mean the same as syntax, although most linguists follow the more recent practice whereby the gram ...
... This book is about the property of human language known as syntax.'Syntax' means 'sentence construction': how words group together to make phrases and sentences. Some people also use the term GRAMMAR to mean the same as syntax, although most linguists follow the more recent practice whereby the gram ...
AP Spanish Print Tutorial: Vocabulary Recognition II
... Countless words in Spanish are formed by adding affixes (prefixes and suffixes) to root words. Many of these affixes add a new shade of meaning to the word without changing its grammatical function (part of speech). Others not only change the meaning, but change the grammatical function of the word, ...
... Countless words in Spanish are formed by adding affixes (prefixes and suffixes) to root words. Many of these affixes add a new shade of meaning to the word without changing its grammatical function (part of speech). Others not only change the meaning, but change the grammatical function of the word, ...
Sentence-Level Editing
... by native speakers are errors of proofreading. With respect to clarity, the required changes may be more difficult: the thought process “behind” your sentence may need to be reconstructed. Here I will only mention the category of “usage”, which refers to the various rules propounded by various lingu ...
... by native speakers are errors of proofreading. With respect to clarity, the required changes may be more difficult: the thought process “behind” your sentence may need to be reconstructed. Here I will only mention the category of “usage”, which refers to the various rules propounded by various lingu ...
Glossary for Grammar
... Cohesive devices are words that make clear how a text’s parts are related to one another. Some words such as determiners and pronouns are especially important for building cohesion because they refer back to earlier words. Other words such as propositions, conjunctions and adverbs (connectives) make ...
... Cohesive devices are words that make clear how a text’s parts are related to one another. Some words such as determiners and pronouns are especially important for building cohesion because they refer back to earlier words. Other words such as propositions, conjunctions and adverbs (connectives) make ...
Parts of Speech
... speech is to consider what the word means. Next, look at the word in its context and decide what that word means in conjunction with other words. I want you to know these terms only insofar as I will be referring to them when I speak about writing; this is not a linguistics course. I am hoping thi ...
... speech is to consider what the word means. Next, look at the word in its context and decide what that word means in conjunction with other words. I want you to know these terms only insofar as I will be referring to them when I speak about writing; this is not a linguistics course. I am hoping thi ...
English Grammar and English Literature
... Yet every dictionary agrees that unfair, idle, rich, happy, humble, and poor are typical adjectives. In [2] there are no nouns at all for any of these adjectives to modify. The definition makes no sense. Much more could be said; but for now, suffice it to say that the traditional definitions of the ...
... Yet every dictionary agrees that unfair, idle, rich, happy, humble, and poor are typical adjectives. In [2] there are no nouns at all for any of these adjectives to modify. The definition makes no sense. Much more could be said; but for now, suffice it to say that the traditional definitions of the ...
Vocabulary, grammar and punctuation
... ‘modal verb’], they should be encouraged to apply and explore this concept in the grammar of their own speech and writing and to note where it is used by others. Young pupils, in particular, use more complex language in speech than in writing, and teachers should build on this, aiming for a smooth t ...
... ‘modal verb’], they should be encouraged to apply and explore this concept in the grammar of their own speech and writing and to note where it is used by others. Young pupils, in particular, use more complex language in speech than in writing, and teachers should build on this, aiming for a smooth t ...
Comprehensive AP Terms comprehensive_ap_terminology
... Plagiarism: Literary theft. Using someone’s ideas and style and passing the off as your own. Plot: the framework upon which a story is placed; chronological, flashback, in medias res, or others. Once the story is finished a definite beginning, middle, and end can be found. Point of View: point from ...
... Plagiarism: Literary theft. Using someone’s ideas and style and passing the off as your own. Plot: the framework upon which a story is placed; chronological, flashback, in medias res, or others. Once the story is finished a definite beginning, middle, and end can be found. Point of View: point from ...
Reflections on Words and Music
... That there should be a close alliance between words and music is, in certain respects, hardly surprising. Both find primal expression through the human voice, and both offer a means through which humans can convey their most sophisticated thoughts. And yet each wants to go its own way: words toward ...
... That there should be a close alliance between words and music is, in certain respects, hardly surprising. Both find primal expression through the human voice, and both offer a means through which humans can convey their most sophisticated thoughts. And yet each wants to go its own way: words toward ...
Basic Syntactic Notions (Handout 1, BA seminar English Syntax
... Examples of prepositional phrases (PPs), illustrating the three main types: spatial PPs (expressing places or directions, as in (a,b)), temporal PPs (expressing times, (c,d)) and other PPs expressing more abstract meanings (e,f): (21) a. [PP near [NP the fireplace]] b. [PP towards [NP the building ...
... Examples of prepositional phrases (PPs), illustrating the three main types: spatial PPs (expressing places or directions, as in (a,b)), temporal PPs (expressing times, (c,d)) and other PPs expressing more abstract meanings (e,f): (21) a. [PP near [NP the fireplace]] b. [PP towards [NP the building ...
Generative grammar
... what we say or write derived structures which occur after transformation of deep structure statements ...
... what we say or write derived structures which occur after transformation of deep structure statements ...
possession
... I sat down and turned on the television. Just then, I heard a strange noise. The phrase ‘just then’ relates these events in time. Cohesion is also achieved by the use of words (such as pronouns) that refer back to other parts of the text. e.g. There was a man waiting at the door. I had never seen hi ...
... I sat down and turned on the television. Just then, I heard a strange noise. The phrase ‘just then’ relates these events in time. Cohesion is also achieved by the use of words (such as pronouns) that refer back to other parts of the text. e.g. There was a man waiting at the door. I had never seen hi ...
`Matching pair` and related locutions
... In fact either grammarians have used the word ‘subject’ as I am using ‘subject-locution’ (and so, if they are to be consistent, cannot also use it as I have said is natural) or, because of that naturalness, they are found to be using it inconsistently to cover both subjects and subject-locutions, as ...
... In fact either grammarians have used the word ‘subject’ as I am using ‘subject-locution’ (and so, if they are to be consistent, cannot also use it as I have said is natural) or, because of that naturalness, they are found to be using it inconsistently to cover both subjects and subject-locutions, as ...
document
... differ in number, the verb agrees with the SUBJECT. (Try to avoid writing sentences where the subject and PN differ in number.) • The most appreciated gift was the clothes that you sent to Haiti. • The clothes that you sent us were the most ...
... differ in number, the verb agrees with the SUBJECT. (Try to avoid writing sentences where the subject and PN differ in number.) • The most appreciated gift was the clothes that you sent to Haiti. • The clothes that you sent us were the most ...
The national curriculum in England - English
... ‘modal verb’], they should be encouraged to apply and explore this concept in the grammar of their own speech and writing and to note where it is used by others. Young pupils, in particular, use more complex language in speech than in writing, and teachers should build on this, aiming for a smooth t ...
... ‘modal verb’], they should be encouraged to apply and explore this concept in the grammar of their own speech and writing and to note where it is used by others. Young pupils, in particular, use more complex language in speech than in writing, and teachers should build on this, aiming for a smooth t ...