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John ate the cake
John ate the cake

... np(Per, Num, Case) --> pro(Per, Num, Case). % look up person, number and case of pronoun pro(Per, Num, Case) --> [Pro], {pro(Pro, Per, Num, Case)}. % lexical entries pro(she, second, sing, obj). v(eats, third, sing). ...
Quenya - the Ancient Tongue
Quenya - the Ancient Tongue

... expanded: The Noldor adopted and adapted some words from other tongues, such as Casar "dwarf" from Dwarvish Khazad and certa "rune" from Sindarin certh (WJ:388, 396). Some words already in use developed new or modified meanings in Exilic Quenya, such as urco, a word that in Valinorean Quenya was use ...
Document
Document

... o Motivation – Guess what? – The teacher reads the following description, and the students have to listen and then say what astrological sign the description is about. “This is the first sign of the Zodiac. People born under this sign are leaders. They prefer to initiate rather than to complete. The ...
ssc english book
ssc english book

... Aspect usually shows us things like whether the action is finished or not, or if something happens regularly. English has two aspects: progressive and perfect. Aspect is usually shown by using participle verb forms. Aspect can combine with present or past tense. Progressive aspect English uses the g ...
perfective aspect
perfective aspect

... Aspect always includes tense  In [2] David has fallen in love and [3] David is falling in love above, the aspectual auxiliaries are in the present tense, but they could also be in the past tense: David had fallen in love -- Perfective Aspect, Past ...
Chapter 4. THE NOUN AND NOUN PHRASE
Chapter 4. THE NOUN AND NOUN PHRASE

... As seen, vâa ‘bird’ appears to take a special form vâat in contexts where verbs require stem2. In addition, the diminutive postposition tsàa takes the form tsàat in both stem1 and stem2 contexts. As seen, stem1 and stem2 verb forms can function as nouns, and at least some nouns can be used as verbs. ...
Grammar and Language Workbook, Troubleshooter
Grammar and Language Workbook, Troubleshooter

... Jamal’s new sculpture, in addition to his other recent works, reflects his abiding love of nature. Expressions that begin with as well as, in addition to, and together with, do not change the number of the subject. Make the verb agree with its subject, not with the intervening expression. ...
Español IV/V
Español IV/V

... When the governing verb is in a past tense and the subjunctive is required for the situation (A WEDDING + U) 1) Noun clauses require subjunctive after verbs of influence, emotion, doubt, and denial (i.e. Quería que ellas lo hicieran.) (I wanted them to do it.) 2) Adverbial clauses (time, purpose, et ...
Making Virtue of Necessity: a Verb Lexicon
Making Virtue of Necessity: a Verb Lexicon

... managed to add suggestions to 831 synsets. But there are still some 107 missing, which are mostly cases of prefixes and typos. There are six verbs where the prefix recém (meaning recently) was added to an existing verb, 13 with the prefix des-, and 20 typos. A few true Portuguese verbs, arising fro ...
full text - Alexandre Rademaker
full text - Alexandre Rademaker

... managed to add suggestions to 831 synsets. But there are still some 107 missing, which are mostly cases of prefixes and typos. There are six verbs where the prefix recém (meaning recently) was added to an existing verb, 13 with the prefix des-, and 20 typos. A few true Portuguese verbs, arising fro ...
The Participle Phrase
The Participle Phrase

... A participle phrase will begin with a present or past participle. If the participle is present, it will dependably end in ing. Likewise, a regular past participle will end in a consistent ed. Irregular past participles, unfortunately, conclude in all kinds of ways [Check a dictionary for help]. Sinc ...
Participle Phrases (as reduced relative clauses?)
Participle Phrases (as reduced relative clauses?)

... b. used in the passive form with "Having been" + a Past Participle. It shows that the action is done to the subject, not by the subject. Example: Having been trained for 2 years, he has become very skilful in the trade. Placing the Subject at the Beginning of the Participle Clause It is possible to ...
Pronouns can be very useful when standing in for other
Pronouns can be very useful when standing in for other

... again. However, they are only useful if the reader always knows what words the pronoun is replacing, which is known as the pronoun's antecedent. This can partly be done through word order. Don't separate a pronoun too far from its antecedent, and don't use a pronoun unless its antecedent has already ...
Unit 2, Ways of Speaking Part 2
Unit 2, Ways of Speaking Part 2

... coming after, the or a(n) in a sentence. The diagnostic, then, for identifying a noun is not a semantic or functional one – we don’t ask what the word means. Rather, we apply ‘formal’ or ‘structural’ criteria and ask what slots within the sentence the word currently occupies or is capable of occupyi ...
Forms of Nouns
Forms of Nouns

... studies hardest usually does the best.). The word who connects or relates the subject, student, to the verb within the dependent clause (studies). Choosing correctly between which and that and between who and whom leads to what are probably the most Frequently Asked Questions about English grammar. ...
Animacy Constraints on Prepositional Objects in Medumba, a
Animacy Constraints on Prepositional Objects in Medumba, a

... use pronouns as the object of the preposition, we found that 100 percent of speakers used a contour tone on nùm before pronouns.2 This finding raised another question. Across languages, personal pronouns are obviously not invariably animate, but they are the expression type most strongly associated ...
the subjunctive mood.
the subjunctive mood.

... *Note that the normal forms are “she comes”and “he is”. Unfortunately —at least for purposes of transferring our knowledge of English grammar to Spanish— modern English uses the subjunctive very little. In Spanish it is used constantly, both in conversational and literary form, and you must be able ...
Diminutive as an Inflectional Category in Walman
Diminutive as an Inflectional Category in Walman

... ‘I bought a small axe.’ 1SG ...
Le Verbe - Mocks.ie
Le Verbe - Mocks.ie

... 1. To express a suggestion, a possibility of doing something. 2. Translated by could in English. Je pourrais venir te voir demain. I could come and see you tomorrow. Pourrais-je venir te venir te voir demain? Could I come and see you tomorrow? ...
Automatic Recognition of Composite Verb Forms in Serbian
Automatic Recognition of Composite Verb Forms in Serbian

... In this paper, we will present the work on building a shallow parser for recognizing composite verb forms in Serbian – the forms that consist of an auxiliary verb and a main verb. The parser is made in Unitex, a corpus processing software, in the form of local grammars that rely on using morphologic ...
new first steps in latin teacher`s manual
new first steps in latin teacher`s manual

... is a description of how a particular language works, and in this sense we say that each language has its own grammar. In English, for example, it is ungrammatical to put a word strongly marked as an object before its verb if a word strongly marked as a subject follows the verb, and a sentence like “ ...
Sentence Skills - MDC Faculty Home Pages
Sentence Skills - MDC Faculty Home Pages

... How Computers Have Improved Our Lives by Alexis Arroyo (1)Computers has improved student’s lives, medical equipment, and communication technology more then any other invention in world history. (2)Now computer technology have made student life easier and faster. (3)For example, now they can find inf ...
CPE Report Hindi 2012
CPE Report Hindi 2012

... Namely, some items dealt with the proper usage to nouns, pronouns, adjectives and agreement with cases. But some candidates did not pay attention of nouns used in feminine and what would be their plural form. Example: ‘Mala’ in Hindi is feminine; therefore, in plural it becomes ‘Malaein’. There have ...
Gerunds, Infinitives and Participles
Gerunds, Infinitives and Participles

... Their functions, however, overlap. Gerunds always function as nouns, but infinitives often also serve as nouns. Deciding which to use can be confusing in many situations, especially for people whose first language is not English. Confusion between gerunds and infinitives occurs primarily in cases i ...
Lecture 02 PP
Lecture 02 PP

... • Assuming nouns and verbs to be opposites to each other we get: – Noun = [-F, +N, -V] – Verb = [-F, -N, +V] ...
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Old Norse morphology

Old Norse has three categories of verb (strong, weak, & present-preterite) and two categories of noun (strong, weak). Conjugation and declension are carried out by a mix of inflection and two nonconcatenative morphological processes: umlaut, a backness-based alteration to the root vowel; and ablaut, a replacement of the root vowel, in verbs.Nouns, adjectives and pronouns are declined in four grammatical cases – nominative, accusative, genitive and dative, in singular and plural. Some pronouns (first and second person) have dual number in addition to singular and plural. The nouns have three grammatical genders – masculine, feminine or neuter - and adjectives and pronouns are declined to match the gender of nouns. The genitive is used partitively, and quite often in compounds and kennings (e.g.: Urðarbrunnr, the well of Urðr; Lokasenna, the gibing of Loki). Most declensions (of nouns and pronouns) use -a as a regular genitive plural ending, and all declensions use -um as their dative plural ending.All neuter words have identical nominative and accusative forms, and all feminine words have identical nominative and accusative plurals.The gender of some words' plurals does not agree with that of their singulars, such as lim and mund.
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