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A New Form of Matter (pdf, 217 kB)
A New Form of Matter (pdf, 217 kB)

Cesium D Line Data
Cesium D Line Data

Problems with Light Emitting Devices and Their Solutions
Problems with Light Emitting Devices and Their Solutions

Optically Enhanced Magnetic Resonance
Optically Enhanced Magnetic Resonance

... The last requirement for optically enhanced magnetic resonance is a method for observing the spin polarization. An early suggestion that magnetic resonance transitions should be observable in optical experiments is due to Bitter.12 The physical process used in such experiments is the complement of o ...
Optical control of the spin state of two Mn atoms... L. Besombes, C. L. Cao, S. Jamet,
Optical control of the spin state of two Mn atoms... L. Besombes, C. L. Cao, S. Jamet,

Physics: Principles and Applications
Physics: Principles and Applications

... Atomic Physics/Photon The energy of each photon: E = hf h=Planck’s constant f=frequency Ex. 1. Yellow light has a frequency of 6.0 x 1014 Hz. Determine the energy carried by a quantum of this light. If the energy flux of sunlight reaching the earth’s surface is 1000 Watts per square meter, find th ...
Full text - UvA/FNWI - University of Amsterdam
Full text - UvA/FNWI - University of Amsterdam

Spin-1=2 Optical Lattice Clock
Spin-1=2 Optical Lattice Clock

... and second on the narrower 1 S0 $ 3 P1 transition at 556 nm. The atoms are then loaded into a one-dimensional, horizontally oriented optical lattice of 500 Er depth (recoil energy Er =kB ¼ 100 nK). Approximately 3  104 atoms with a temperature of 15 K are captured in several hundred lattice sites, ...
Dissipative Preparation of Spin Squeezed Atomic Ensembles in a Steady States
Dissipative Preparation of Spin Squeezed Atomic Ensembles in a Steady States

... in 87 Rb using the clock states jF ¼ 1; mF ¼ 0i and jF ¼ 2; mF ¼ 0i in the 5S1=2 ground-state manifold. Circularly þ -polarized cavity and control fields couple these states to the states jF ¼ 1;mF ¼ þ1i and jF ¼ 2; mF ¼ þ1i of the 5P1=2 manifold. In this case the inclusion of the hyperfine structu ...
Semiconductor microcavities: half light, half matter
Semiconductor microcavities: half light, half matter

Lecture 2 - Harvard Condensed Matter Theory group
Lecture 2 - Harvard Condensed Matter Theory group

... We get fermionic antibunching. This can be understood as Pauli principle. A single particle state with quasimomentum q is a supersposition of states with physical momentum q+nG. When we detect a fermion at momentum q we decrease the probability to find another fermion at momentum q+nG. ...
optical_sensors_12sept
optical_sensors_12sept

UTSA Application for Laser Use
UTSA Application for Laser Use

Entanglement with Negative Wigner Function of Almost 3000 Atoms
Entanglement with Negative Wigner Function of Almost 3000 Atoms

Paper
Paper

... mitigated by producing mF 苷 0 atoms, quadratic Zeeman shifts may preclude precision experiments on such pulses. Magnetic trapping also imposes limitations on the study of Bose-Einstein condensates, because only the weak-field seeking atomic states are confined. Since the atomic ground state is alway ...
File
File

... Population inversion is created by electric discharge of the mixture. When a discharge is passed in a tube containing CO2, electron impacts excite the molecules to higher electronic and vibrational-rotational levels. This level is also populated by radiationless transition from upper excited levels. ...
Alkali D Line Data
Alkali D Line Data

Laser Cooling to the Zero-Point Energy of Motion
Laser Cooling to the Zero-Point Energy of Motion

Section 1 Bohr`s Model of the Atom: Practice Problems
Section 1 Bohr`s Model of the Atom: Practice Problems

... Bohr said the energy of an emitted photon or an absorbed photon is equal to the change in energy of the atom, which can have only specific values. 23. Review the planetary model of the atom. What are some of the problems with a planetary model of the atom? SOLUTION:   As the electrons undergo centri ...
92, 054101 (2004)
92, 054101 (2004)

Paper
Paper

c =λ* f λ = wavelength
c =λ* f λ = wavelength

... These electrons will remain in the excited state for a certain period of time, and then will return to lower energy states while emitting energy in the exact amount of the difference between the energy levels (delta E). If this package of energy is transmitted as electromagnetic energy, it is called ...
Preprint
Preprint

Observation of Cooper minimum in Krypton using high harmonic
Observation of Cooper minimum in Krypton using high harmonic

Chapter 6 Electronic Structure of Atoms
Chapter 6 Electronic Structure of Atoms

... • Therefore, on any given energy level, there can be up to: • 1 s (l=0) orbital (ml=0), • 3 p (l=1) orbitals, (ml=-1,0,1) • 5 d (l=2) orbitals, (ml=-2,-1,0,1,2) • 7 f (l=3) orbitals, (ml=-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3) ...
< 1 ... 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 ... 49 >

Population inversion

In science, specifically statistical mechanics, a population inversion occurs while a system (such as a group of atoms or molecules) exists in a state with more members in an excited state than in lower energy states. It is called an ""inversion"" because in many familiar and commonly encountered physical systems, this is not possible. The concept is of fundamental importance in laser science because the production of a population inversion is a necessary step in the workings of a standard laser.
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