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Dynamical Analysis of Networks: How to Identify Important Nodes with
Dynamical Analysis of Networks: How to Identify Important Nodes with

... ♦ Proteins function by binding to other molecules (ligands, proteins). ♦ Enzyme proteins catalyzes the chemical reactions by binding to reactant (substrate). ...
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Making Proteins - Foothill Technology High School
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... Steps to Translation Making proteins from mRNA 1. Ribosomes attach to the “start” codon of mRNA (AUG), signaling the beginning of the protein chain 2. mRNA codons are matched to corresponding tRNA anticodons and appropriate amino acids are strung together. 3. Dehydration synthesis occurs between th ...
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... 2. There are seven classes of proteins that all serve different functions, and surprisingly all proteins are made of only 20 amino acids. a. Describe and distinguish between the four structural levels of proteins. b. Describe the effects that an increase in temperature would have on a protein. ...
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... in the DIP (Database of Interacting Proteins). The September 1, 2002, update of the DIP data set containing 14,871 interactions for 4,692 proteins is used.  By comparing the probabilities of associations for all possible protein pairs in the measured protein interaction network with those in the ot ...
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... Once the type and order of amino acids in a protein have been translated by the ribosome, the amino acids need to be transported over to the correct location to join together to create a protein. Another type of RNA helps transport a specific amino acid over to a specific mRNA codon at the ribosome. ...
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... polar molecules or ions (e.g. Na+, NO3- etc). Polar substances can form H bonds with polar molecules of water and so dissolve – they are called hydrophilic (water loving) Non-polar substances will not dissolve in water because they cannot form H bonds with water – they are hydrophobic. Rule for subs ...
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... In the first line of research in our lab we attempt to understand the molecular pathways that allow tumor cells to survive for long periods of hypoxia. These ?hypoxia-tolerance? mechanisms may become attractive targets for overcoming the problem of hypoxia in cancer. The rate of protein synthesis de ...
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... The number of stars in the observable universe has been estimated at upward of 1022. Even that number is tiny compared to that of potential protein sequences. With so many possibilities, protein engineers are hunting for more efficient ways to explore sequence space. Whereas cell-free systems can be ...
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... 3. 0.010 moles of linoleic acid reacts with 5.1 g of iodine. Determine the number of double bonds present in the acid. (2) ...
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Protein (nutrient)



Proteins are essential nutrients for the human body. They are one of the building blocks of body tissue, and can also serve as a fuel source. As a fuel, proteins contain 4 kcal per gram, just like carbohydrates and unlike lipids, which contain 9 kcal per gram. The most important aspect and defining characteristic of protein from a nutritional standpoint is its amino acid composition.Proteins are polymer chains made of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. During human digestion, proteins are broken down in the stomach to smaller polypeptide chains via hydrochloric acid and protease actions. This is crucial for the synthesis of the essential amino acids that cannot be biosynthesized by the body.There are nine essential amino acids which humans must obtain from their diet in order to prevent protein-energy malnutrition. They are phenylalanine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, and histidine. There are five dispensable amino acids which humans are able to synthesize in the body. These five are alanine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid and serine. There are six conditionally essential amino acids whose synthesis can be limited under special pathophysiological conditions, such as prematurity in the infant or individuals in severe catabolic distress. These six are arginine, cysteine, glycine, glutamine, proline and tyrosine.Humans need the essential amino acids in certain ratios. Some protein sources contain amino acids in a more or less 'complete' sense. This has given rise to various ranking systems for protein sources, as described in the article.Animal sources of protein include meats, dairy products, fish and eggs. Vegan sources of protein include whole grains, pulses, legumes, soy, and nuts. Vegetarians and vegans can get enough essential amino acids by eating a variety of plant proteins. It is commonly believed that athletes should consume a higher-than-normal protein intake to maintain optimal physical performance.
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