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Diagnostic use of serum ferritin levels to differentiate infectious and
Diagnostic use of serum ferritin levels to differentiate infectious and

... blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured within 24 h of hospitalization. ARCHITECT T2000 SR equipment and the ARCHITECT ferritin reagent kit by Abbott was used to measure serum ferritin levels. The test method had a measurement limit of 0–2000 ng/mL (0–40000 ng/mL when dilut ...
Virology, Pathology, and Clinical Manifestations of West Nile Virus
Virology, Pathology, and Clinical Manifestations of West Nile Virus

... Viral penetration of the central nervous system appears to follow stimulation of toll-like receptors and increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-a. which increases permeability of the blood-brain barrier (7). WNV directly infects neurons, particularly in deep nuclei and gray matter of the brain, b ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)

... Efficacy of Some Anti-Malaria Drugs and Antibiotics on Plasmodium and Salmonella Species.. Worldwide drug resistance constitutes an impediment to the control of malaria [9]. This has led to the need for constant surveillance and monitoring for changes in the sensitivity of malaria parasites to diff ...
Communicable Disease Guidelines for teachers, child
Communicable Disease Guidelines for teachers, child

... handlers who have had gastroenteritis should not return to work until they are symptom free for at least 48 hours parents to seek medical advice if their child has ongoing symptoms of illness. other important infections for example, measles, pertussis, meningococcal and typhoid infection will requir ...
malaria educational resource for teachers
malaria educational resource for teachers

... Malaria puts a serious strain on the public health systems. It continues to account for more than 30% of public healthcare spending in the most affected endemic countries. Malaria also keeps more kids out of school than any other disease. It accounts for half of all preventable absenteeism, causing ...
Cytomegalovirus Immune Globulin Indications
Cytomegalovirus Immune Globulin Indications

... a. Rising (3-fold increase or > 5,000 copies/mL) blood CMV PCR viral load OR worsening clinical symptoms after at least one week of appropriately-dosed treatment with intravenous antiviral(s). i. Alternative and/or combination antiviral therapies should be considered prior to the addition of CMV-IG ...
Pharyngitis
Pharyngitis

...  Rapid strep antigen → detects GAS antigen  Tonsillar swab → 3-5 minutes to perform • 95% specificity, 90-93% sensitivity ...
Hodgkin`s lymphomas
Hodgkin`s lymphomas

... • The only way to tell the difference between Hodgkins and non Hodgkins lymphomas is when the cells are looked at under the microscope. In most cases of Hodgkins disease, • a particular cell known as the Reed-Sternberg cell is found in the biopsies. • This cell is not usually found in other lymphoma ...
Diagnostic use of serum ferritin levels to differentiate infectious and
Diagnostic use of serum ferritin levels to differentiate infectious and

... blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured within 24 h of hospitalization. ARCHITECT T2000 SR equipment and the ARCHITECT ferritin reagent kit by Abbott was used to measure serum ferritin levels. The test method had a measurement limit of 0–2000 ng/mL (0–40000 ng/mL when dilut ...
medical mysteries - Web Adventures
medical mysteries - Web Adventures

... Eureka, the medical bot, and head to Prokaryon. A recent earthquake in the Eastern province has sent a flood of refugees into Prokaryon and, with them, a number of deaths due to a diarrheal disease. Because of these deaths, the fringe group, the Areloch, have demanded the closing of the refugee camp ...
B melitensis - WordPress.com
B melitensis - WordPress.com

1 Running head: PERTUSSIS: AN EMERGING INFECTIOUS
1 Running head: PERTUSSIS: AN EMERGING INFECTIOUS

... and those without a complete series of vaccination. Infants are the most vulnerable to Pertussis and have the highest risk for complication, including death (Paisley, et al., 2012). “Prompt recognition and timely diphtheria and reduced tetanus toxoids and accellular pertussis (TdaP) vaccination is c ...
Fever and Bacteremia
Fever and Bacteremia

... ◦ Metabolites from organism cause fever ◦ Most common causes of fever (50%~60%)  Bacteria pyrogens: common cause of infective fever (43%) ...
Human African trypanosomiasis: a review of non
Human African trypanosomiasis: a review of non

... an infected tsetse fly,4 and undergo complex changes during their life-cycle alternating between the insect vector and the mammal host. After the parasites are inoculated into man, they proliferate at the infection site, causing an inflammatory nodule or ulcer, also known as a trypanosomal chancre; it ...
Appendix 3.7 - WHO archives
Appendix 3.7 - WHO archives

... has been substantial progress in both control and treatment of these. For LF there have been extensive efforts to reduce the prevalence and incidence of the disease by reducing the number of circulating microfilariae using one or more of the several microfilaricides available; combinations have prov ...
IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)
IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)

... to enormous expenditure on healthcare. A 2002 to 2003 outbreak of measles in Italy, which led to the hospitalizations of more than 5,000 people, had a combined estimated cost between 17.6 million Euros and 22.0 million Euros. While a 2008 outbreak of measles in San Diego, California cost $177,000, o ...
Communicable Disease - Public Health WA
Communicable Disease - Public Health WA

... (CMV) ...
3Z9651(B) ELISA B. burgdorferi IgG/IgM English
3Z9651(B) ELISA B. burgdorferi IgG/IgM English

... B. burgdorferi is antigenically complex with strains that vary considerably. Early antibody responses often are to flagellin that has cross-reactive components. Patients in early stages of infection may not produce detectable levels of antibody. In addition, early antibiotic therapy after ECM may di ...
Rickettsial Diseases - Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
Rickettsial Diseases - Journal of the Association of Physicians of India

Understanding Mid-Life and Older Age Mortality Declines: Evidence from Union Army Veterans.
Understanding Mid-Life and Older Age Mortality Declines: Evidence from Union Army Veterans.

... Wolleswinkel-Van den Bosch, and Mackenbach (1997)). Life style changes such as the cessation of smoking or the switch to a low fat and lower sodium diet may account for some of the recent mortality improvements; however, the increase in smoking from the late 1900s through the first half of the twent ...
BE TICK WISE - Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County
BE TICK WISE - Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County

... • Are very small and have different life stages present at different times of the year, their larval stages have only three pairs of legs • Are often found in areas of high grass and bushy wooded areas, but are also found on beach grass and sunny fields. • Wait (or quest) for hosts to brush up ag ...
management, control and prevention
management, control and prevention

... bloodstream and spread throughout the body. The bacilli may reach any part of the body. ...
第1.3章 OIEリスト疾病の公定および代替の診断試験 NOTE In many of
第1.3章 OIEリスト疾病の公定および代替の診断試験 NOTE In many of

... However, some readers of the Terrestrial Code may need to know which diagnostic tests are recommended by the OIE for use in the international trade of animals or animal products, without requiring the details of how these tests should be performed. The tables in this chapter have been included to me ...
Upper Gastro-intestinal tract: Inflammatory disease
Upper Gastro-intestinal tract: Inflammatory disease

... There is no doubt that Marshall, 46, has been one hell of a salesman. That helps explain why he is so well known for a discovery which stemmed from the observations of a colleague, Dr Robin Warren. In the early 1980s, Warren, a pathologist at Royal Perth Hospital, had become resigned to unkind jok ...
Common Pediatric Infections - Continuing Medical Education
Common Pediatric Infections - Continuing Medical Education

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Visceral leishmaniasis



Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, black fever, and Dumdum fever, is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus. This disease is the second-largest parasitic killer in the world (after malaria), responsible for an estimated 200,000 to 400,000 infections each year worldwide. The parasite migrates to the internal organs such as the liver, spleen (hence ""visceral""), and bone marrow, and, if left untreated, will almost always result in the death of the host. Signs and symptoms include fever, weight loss, fatigue, anemia, and substantial swelling of the liver and spleen. Of particular concern, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is the emerging problem of HIV/VL co-infection.
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