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View Full Article in PDF - Knowledgebase publishers
View Full Article in PDF - Knowledgebase publishers

... Traditionally Euphorbia hirta Linn has been used as fodder. Fodder feeding has always been a useful source of animal feed. Fodders are harvested and fed to animals under confinement and during inclement weather conditions. Fodders are also used as supplementary feeds during dry season when green ...
Research Report Series
Research Report Series

... What are the long-term effects of heroin use? Repeated heroin use changes the physical structure12 and physiology of the brain, creating long-term imbalances in neuronal and hormonal systems that are not easily reversed.13,14 Heroin also produces profound degrees of tolerance and physical dependence ...
Foundation - The Learning Oasis
Foundation - The Learning Oasis

... European cities. Scientists began to share their research by publishing their work in journals. During this time, William Harvey discovered how blood circulated through the body and Edward Jenner invented a vaccination for smallpox after discovering the relationship between cowpox and smallpox. Each ...
formulation and delivery strategies
formulation and delivery strategies

... this includes the addition of hydrophobic salts or inorganic salts189,190, or the addition of lysine or arginine191. The high viscosity of protein solutions also affects the force necessary to deliver the solution using acceptable needles as well as the time required to complete the injection — an i ...
Enabling Pharmacists To Respond To The Health Needs Of
Enabling Pharmacists To Respond To The Health Needs Of

... Subdivision 1.Words, terms, and phrases. Unless the language or context clearly indicates that a different meaning is intended, the following words, terms, and phrases, for the purposes of this chapter, shall be given the meanings subjoined to them. Current: Subd. 2. Pharmacy. "Pharmacy" means an es ...
PASS assisted search and evaluation of some azetidin-2
PASS assisted search and evaluation of some azetidin-2

... oxotremorine-induced tremors. The active compounds have phenyl, 2-chlorophenyl and 3-furyl group respectively at the C4 position of the azetidinone ring (1). Substitution of benzopyran-2-ones at position 3 by azetidin-2-ones has been carried out to develop CNS active agents (2). One of these compoun ...
Situation Report National Drug Intelligence Center Synthetic Cathinones (Bath Salts):
Situation Report National Drug Intelligence Center Synthetic Cathinones (Bath Salts):

... shops.13 The products, as well as their raw chemical components, are also sold on many Internet sites, including popular Internet auction sites and global marketing sites.14 The products are typically “branded” under the names previously listed. Some local independent drug dealers also distribute th ...
Treating Anxiety with either Beta Blockers or Antiemetic
Treating Anxiety with either Beta Blockers or Antiemetic

... may be permitted. This drug can also be absorbed mucosally, as demonstrated by sublingual delivery [12], and its bioavailability is higher when absorbed by this route rather than orally [13,14]. Propranolol has been delivered sublingually at 10 and 40 mg per dose [12,13], although this can produce m ...
Environmental causes of human congenital malformations: The
Environmental causes of human congenital malformations: The

... When I had completed medical school and graduate school, the scientific world did not even have the correct figure for the number of human chromosomes. Greggl had recently described the teratogenicity of rubella virus infection during pregnancy The teratogenic risk of the folic acid antagonists was ...
Determining Frequency of Prescription, Administration and
Determining Frequency of Prescription, Administration and

... that may cause or lead to an inappropriate medication use or patient harm while medication is in control of a health care professional, a patient or a consumer [3]. In providing a dose of medication to a hospitalized patient 80-200 step must be taken [4]. There is the potential for an error to occur ...
Antihypertensive Agents
Antihypertensive Agents

... * Want to start at lowest possible doses of meds. * Reduce risk factors, even while on meds. - lifestyle changes may allow the client to decrease medications. * suggested after 1 yr. of therapy to dec. dose to determine if less drug dose possible • Step care hypertensive approach to treatment develo ...
Formulation Considerations of Inhaled Products
Formulation Considerations of Inhaled Products

... Nozzle orifice size is critical for the aerosol spray pattern and plume ...
Best Drugs for Avoiding Paradoxical Bronchospasm
Best Drugs for Avoiding Paradoxical Bronchospasm

... clinical effect of these drugs was not so obvious as spirometry results. In all groups a large fraction of subjects reported no significant change in their symptoms. Worsening of symptoms by levalbuterol was only reported in one subject and this difference ...
19 Improving  the  Oral  Absorption  of S-SEDDS Formulations
19 Improving the Oral Absorption of S-SEDDS Formulations

... SEDDS and S-SEDDS are self-emulsifying formulations of poorly soluble drugs that contain both a surfactant and lipid, along with a co-solvent, and they are usually formulated in gelatin capsules. Dilution of SEDDS or S-SEDDS formulations with water results in the generation of a microemulsion with a ...
see p. Rx1 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
see p. Rx1 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident

... 1. Anxiety disorders – benzodiazepines are most effective anxiolytics!!!  do not use to alleviate normal stress of everyday life.  use only for short periods (addiction potential).  longer acting agents (e.g. DIAZEPAM) at low doses are preferred.  ALPRAZOLAM is most effective for panic disorders ...
WAUSAU HOSPITAL DRUG FORMULARY 2010
WAUSAU HOSPITAL DRUG FORMULARY 2010

... These are the drugs that are stocked by the pharmacy and available for immediate use in the hospital. If for some reason there is not a suitable agent on the drug formulary, a physician may prescribe on a patient-specific basis, a drug that is non-formulary. Physicians should be aware that there may ...
09107sgp05
09107sgp05

... It was developed and is being marketed by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer. It acts by inhibiting cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5, an enzyme that regulates blood flow in the penis. Since becoming available in 1998, sildenafil has been the prime treatment for erectile dysfunction; its primary ...
Clearance - Professor Nick Holford
Clearance - Professor Nick Holford

... to a mixed-order reaction. The mixedorder reaction should be considered as the general case for all drugs eliminated by metabolism. The firstorder approximation is very common. ...
Document
Document

... Year-end 2016 ...
VALIDATED UV SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF AZITHROMYCIN AND PREDNISOLONE
VALIDATED UV SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF AZITHROMYCIN AND PREDNISOLONE

... corticosteroid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant drug. It is used in the treatment of wide range of inflammatory and auto-immune conditions 2,3. The combination of both the drugs would be beneficial for the treatment of various diseases associated with bacterial infection a ...
Psychopharmacologic Therapy
Psychopharmacologic Therapy

... is not intended to replace sound clinical judgment or individualized client care. Nurses are legally and ethically responsible for being familiar with information such as the action, dosage, adverse effects, and drug interactions of the medications they administer. The reader is advised to check pro ...
(1) oleaginous dosage form
(1) oleaginous dosage form

... aqueous preparations may be incorporated into them only in small amounts and then with difficulty.  Hydrocarbon bases are retained on the skin for prolonged periods, do not permit the escape of moisture from the skin to the atmosphere, and are difficult to wash off.  As such they act as occlusive ...
A retrospective study of antipsychotic drug switching in a pediatric
A retrospective study of antipsychotic drug switching in a pediatric

... Background: Antipsychotic drugs can be used to help treat a wide variety of psychiatric disorders. However, specific antipsychotic drugs for any particular patient may need to be changed for a number of different reasons, including a lack of therapeutic efficacy and / or intolerance to medication si ...
Unit I
Unit I

... c) Name the two factors that contribute to ionization. d) Discuss the effect of ionization on absorption. e) Explain why medication is often prescribed to be taken before meals. f) Describe the effects of size and sex on blood plasma levels. ...
Therapeutic and pharmacological potential of Foeniculum vulgare Mill
Therapeutic and pharmacological potential of Foeniculum vulgare Mill

... Introduction: Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) is one of the oldest spice plants which, due to its economic importance and significant pharmaceutical industry applications, is considered as one of the world’s most important medicinal plants. The purpose of this study is to investigate and collect sc ...
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Pharmacognosy



Pharmacognosy is the study of medicinal drugs derived from plants or other natural sources. The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines pharmacognosy as ""the study of the physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties of drugs, drug substances or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources.""It is also defined as the study of crude drugs.
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