Host–parasite interactions: a litmus test for ocean acidification?
... The effects of ocean acidification (OA) on marine species and ecosystems have received significant scientific attention in the past 10 years. However, to date, the effects of OA on host–parasite interactions have been largely ignored. As parasites play a multidimensional role in the regulation of ma ...
... The effects of ocean acidification (OA) on marine species and ecosystems have received significant scientific attention in the past 10 years. However, to date, the effects of OA on host–parasite interactions have been largely ignored. As parasites play a multidimensional role in the regulation of ma ...
biod10
... of and supervising the ecosystem, that is simple enough, but why does the ecosystem need managing. It seems to have done rather well for itself over the last billion years. The answer is simple; we want to use the ecosystem’s resources and still have them available to us in the future. Indeed, we ha ...
... of and supervising the ecosystem, that is simple enough, but why does the ecosystem need managing. It seems to have done rather well for itself over the last billion years. The answer is simple; we want to use the ecosystem’s resources and still have them available to us in the future. Indeed, we ha ...
Map A - VernalPools.Org
... consultants who perform the mapping - or worse - have the mapping done in-house. • Mapping is often based on keystone or listed species, usually animals. • Most mapping is done from aerial imagery interpretation with no ground-truthing. • No real data on ecosystem, processes, habitat, species or veg ...
... consultants who perform the mapping - or worse - have the mapping done in-house. • Mapping is often based on keystone or listed species, usually animals. • Most mapping is done from aerial imagery interpretation with no ground-truthing. • No real data on ecosystem, processes, habitat, species or veg ...
Where and When do Species Interactions Set Range Limits?
... stress tolerance, but range limits in nonstressful areas are more often set by species interactions. Species interactions: interactions with other organisms that have some effect on individual or population performance, including both positive and negative effects. Stochastic growth rate: population ...
... stress tolerance, but range limits in nonstressful areas are more often set by species interactions. Species interactions: interactions with other organisms that have some effect on individual or population performance, including both positive and negative effects. Stochastic growth rate: population ...
The relative contributions of species richness and species
... We used two datasets, the first from an experiment conducted in 12 wildflower strips in Switzerland, the Grandcour Experiment (Fabian et al. 2012, Bruggisser et al. 2012, Sandau et al. 2014); the second from the Jena Experiment (Weigelt et al. 2010). In the Grandcour Experiment, the number of speci ...
... We used two datasets, the first from an experiment conducted in 12 wildflower strips in Switzerland, the Grandcour Experiment (Fabian et al. 2012, Bruggisser et al. 2012, Sandau et al. 2014); the second from the Jena Experiment (Weigelt et al. 2010). In the Grandcour Experiment, the number of speci ...
Observations On Environmental Change in South Africa
... Wilgen and Alan Whitfield generously supplied supplementary photographs. ...
... Wilgen and Alan Whitfield generously supplied supplementary photographs. ...
Parasites, emerging disease and wildlife conservation
... et al., 2003). Many small and medium sized mammal species, for example, that were once widespread across the continent are now restricted to isolated areas in the south west or on off-shore islands. In the last 10 years there has been a further decline of many of these native mammals, with evidence ...
... et al., 2003). Many small and medium sized mammal species, for example, that were once widespread across the continent are now restricted to isolated areas in the south west or on off-shore islands. In the last 10 years there has been a further decline of many of these native mammals, with evidence ...
Global change and Mediterranean forests
... ability of populations to adapt to changing conditions is decreased because of reduced genetic variation, while dispersal or movement (‘range shift’) to habitats with optimal conditions is also compromised. Fragmented populations are therefore expected to be more vulnerable to environmental drivers ...
... ability of populations to adapt to changing conditions is decreased because of reduced genetic variation, while dispersal or movement (‘range shift’) to habitats with optimal conditions is also compromised. Fragmented populations are therefore expected to be more vulnerable to environmental drivers ...
Biodiversity, productivity and the temporal stability of
... species. In the high evenness treatment, abundance and biomass were equally distributed among species (48 individuals each in 2-species mixtures, 24 each in 4-species mixtures and 12 each in 8-species mixtures). The realistically low evenness treatment was based on a geometric distribution of specie ...
... species. In the high evenness treatment, abundance and biomass were equally distributed among species (48 individuals each in 2-species mixtures, 24 each in 4-species mixtures and 12 each in 8-species mixtures). The realistically low evenness treatment was based on a geometric distribution of specie ...
Do persistent rare species experience stronger negative frequency
... challenge for both theoretical and empirical ecologists. Yenni et al. (2012, Ecology, 93, 456–461) proposed that strong negative frequency dependence causes species to be rare while simultaneously buffering them against extinction. This hypothesis predicts that, on average, rare species should exper ...
... challenge for both theoretical and empirical ecologists. Yenni et al. (2012, Ecology, 93, 456–461) proposed that strong negative frequency dependence causes species to be rare while simultaneously buffering them against extinction. This hypothesis predicts that, on average, rare species should exper ...
Plant Invaders II - University of the District of Columbia
... in larger abatement events, replacing invasive plants with native or non-invasive plants in your own landscape, spotting and informing the correct authorities about new invasive plants, or simply spreading the word about this problem, you are making a difference in the effort to stop the spread of i ...
... in larger abatement events, replacing invasive plants with native or non-invasive plants in your own landscape, spotting and informing the correct authorities about new invasive plants, or simply spreading the word about this problem, you are making a difference in the effort to stop the spread of i ...
Plant species traits and capacity for resource reduction predict yield
... of N-limited plant species to test empirically whether the R* values of competing species are correlated with their abundance, not in pairwise interactions, but in interactions among numerous species. Following the theory of Tilman (1982) and the experiments of Tilman & Wedin (1991a, 1991b), we meas ...
... of N-limited plant species to test empirically whether the R* values of competing species are correlated with their abundance, not in pairwise interactions, but in interactions among numerous species. Following the theory of Tilman (1982) and the experiments of Tilman & Wedin (1991a, 1991b), we meas ...
Maureen McClung - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... the niche concept. He thought that the niche of an animal referred to its place in the biotic environment, particularly its relation to food and enemies. He later defined the niche as meaning the “mode of life”, especially the mode of feeding of an animal (Elton 1933). This concept was different fro ...
... the niche concept. He thought that the niche of an animal referred to its place in the biotic environment, particularly its relation to food and enemies. He later defined the niche as meaning the “mode of life”, especially the mode of feeding of an animal (Elton 1933). This concept was different fro ...
Setting up tropical biodiversity for conservation through non
... The parataxonomist is an extension of the museum-based taxonomist back to the source of what museums and the taxonomic literature are full of, and ‘expeditions’ bring home. A parataxonomist is doing what many a taxonomist wishes he or she had the social freedom and budget to do full time. The struct ...
... The parataxonomist is an extension of the museum-based taxonomist back to the source of what museums and the taxonomic literature are full of, and ‘expeditions’ bring home. A parataxonomist is doing what many a taxonomist wishes he or she had the social freedom and budget to do full time. The struct ...
Genetic Diversity
... • Conservation biologists are concerned about species loss because of alarming statistics regarding extinction and biodiversity • Researchers estimate that at current rates of extinction more than half of current plant and animal species will disappear in this century • Harvard biologist E. O. Wils ...
... • Conservation biologists are concerned about species loss because of alarming statistics regarding extinction and biodiversity • Researchers estimate that at current rates of extinction more than half of current plant and animal species will disappear in this century • Harvard biologist E. O. Wils ...
Movement behaviour and mortality in invasive and indigenous
... ABSTRACT: The responses of indigenous and exotic species to environmental factors can differ across spatial and temporal scales, and it is this difference that determines invasion success and the dynamics of co-existence. In South Africa, the indigenous Perna perna and the invasive Mytilus galloprov ...
... ABSTRACT: The responses of indigenous and exotic species to environmental factors can differ across spatial and temporal scales, and it is this difference that determines invasion success and the dynamics of co-existence. In South Africa, the indigenous Perna perna and the invasive Mytilus galloprov ...
Maureen McClung - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... the niche concept. He thought that the niche of an animal referred to its place in the biotic environment, particularly its relation to food and enemies. He later defined the niche as meaning the “mode of life”, especially the mode of feeding of an animal (Elton 1933). This concept was different fro ...
... the niche concept. He thought that the niche of an animal referred to its place in the biotic environment, particularly its relation to food and enemies. He later defined the niche as meaning the “mode of life”, especially the mode of feeding of an animal (Elton 1933). This concept was different fro ...
Forest Restoration Ecology - College of Tropical Agriculture and
... – Continuum of effort needed to restore a system • As simple as removing an unnatural disturbance or reinstating a natural disturbance • In many cases, ecosystems have been pushed beyond the point of spontaneous recovery – Necessitates anything from active outplanting to removal of invasive species ...
... – Continuum of effort needed to restore a system • As simple as removing an unnatural disturbance or reinstating a natural disturbance • In many cases, ecosystems have been pushed beyond the point of spontaneous recovery – Necessitates anything from active outplanting to removal of invasive species ...
The adaptive value of migrations for the bivalve Macoma balthica
... because they have to leave their burrow and become available for pelagic predators such as fish, which they normally do not encounter, and they run the risk to end up in unsuitable habitats. Therefore, the change of habitat must offer major advantages to the migrant. A common life-history feature of ...
... because they have to leave their burrow and become available for pelagic predators such as fish, which they normally do not encounter, and they run the risk to end up in unsuitable habitats. Therefore, the change of habitat must offer major advantages to the migrant. A common life-history feature of ...
Report of the conference on monk seal conservation
... the context of the “BLUEweek-MEDday”, with the active support of the Barcelona, Bern and Bonn Conventions, Turkish Authorities, the Principality of Monaco and the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW). It further received the collaboration of INFO/RAC, and the Turkish NGO SAD-AFAG. It finally ...
... the context of the “BLUEweek-MEDday”, with the active support of the Barcelona, Bern and Bonn Conventions, Turkish Authorities, the Principality of Monaco and the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW). It further received the collaboration of INFO/RAC, and the Turkish NGO SAD-AFAG. It finally ...
Using trait-based ecology to restore resilient ecosystems
... will necessarily change as well. If we understand which traits confer fitness (i.e. higher survival and reproduction) in the new environmental conditions (Aitken et al. 2008; Kimball et al. 2012), then we can manage for species with more favorable trait combinations to reduce mortality risk and enha ...
... will necessarily change as well. If we understand which traits confer fitness (i.e. higher survival and reproduction) in the new environmental conditions (Aitken et al. 2008; Kimball et al. 2012), then we can manage for species with more favorable trait combinations to reduce mortality risk and enha ...
The Effect of Coyote Removal in Texas
... because the grey wolves would simply produce the same problem that the coyotes did (they have the same diet) So, humans use scare techniques to scare the coyotes away; however, eventually they become ineffective as the coyotes adapt to these techniques Lethal control: shooting is popularly used ...
... because the grey wolves would simply produce the same problem that the coyotes did (they have the same diet) So, humans use scare techniques to scare the coyotes away; however, eventually they become ineffective as the coyotes adapt to these techniques Lethal control: shooting is popularly used ...
Community Ecology
... and swims away. The “carrier crab” in Figure 54.1 clearly benefits from having the sea urchin on its back. But how does the sea urchin fare in this relationship? Its association with the crab might harm it, help it, or have no effect on its survival and reproduction. Additional observations or experi ...
... and swims away. The “carrier crab” in Figure 54.1 clearly benefits from having the sea urchin on its back. But how does the sea urchin fare in this relationship? Its association with the crab might harm it, help it, or have no effect on its survival and reproduction. Additional observations or experi ...
DEBUNKING THE IDYLLIC VIEW OF NATURAL PROCESSES
... In the following sections I will examine whether the idyllic view of nature is true, that is, whether happiness really prevails over suffering in the wild. We may think that this task is impossible to carry out, since we have no access to the phenomenal experiences animals have, so there is no way t ...
... In the following sections I will examine whether the idyllic view of nature is true, that is, whether happiness really prevails over suffering in the wild. We may think that this task is impossible to carry out, since we have no access to the phenomenal experiences animals have, so there is no way t ...
Ursus thibetanus Asiatic Black Bear Vulnerable
... Habitat loss due to logging, expansion of human settlements, roadway networks, and hydro-power stations, combined with hunting for skins, paws and especially gall bladders are the main threats to this species. Habitat loss and degradation is most severe in the southern portion of the range. In India ...
... Habitat loss due to logging, expansion of human settlements, roadway networks, and hydro-power stations, combined with hunting for skins, paws and especially gall bladders are the main threats to this species. Habitat loss and degradation is most severe in the southern portion of the range. In India ...
Habitat conservation
Habitat conservation is a land management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore habitat areas for wild plants and animals, especially conservation reliant species, and prevent their extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range. It is a priority of many groups that cannot be easily characterized in terms of any one ideology.