The role of biotic interactions in shaping distributions and realised
... gradients, and that abiotic environmental changes can likewise influence the nature of biotic interactions (Brooker & Callaghan, 1998; Davis et al., 1998; Choler, Michalet & Callaway, 2001; Callaway et al., 2002a; Brooker, 2006; Meier et al., 2010a). Thus, there is a pressing need to advance methods ...
... gradients, and that abiotic environmental changes can likewise influence the nature of biotic interactions (Brooker & Callaghan, 1998; Davis et al., 1998; Choler, Michalet & Callaway, 2001; Callaway et al., 2002a; Brooker, 2006; Meier et al., 2010a). Thus, there is a pressing need to advance methods ...
DISTRIBUTION OF THE COAST HORNED LIZARD, Phrynosoma
... maps on Delorme, 4 USGS 7 K0 quads/ page) are presented in Brattstrom, (1993), a copy of which is in the herpetological collection of the San Diego Natural History Museum, lists and maps are also available from the author. After this paper is published, all databases, locality, and museum records wi ...
... maps on Delorme, 4 USGS 7 K0 quads/ page) are presented in Brattstrom, (1993), a copy of which is in the herpetological collection of the San Diego Natural History Museum, lists and maps are also available from the author. After this paper is published, all databases, locality, and museum records wi ...
Marine protected areas - International Society for Reef Studies
... Poaching, perception, benefits, and governance One of the greatest constraints on the performance of MPAs is poaching through lack of effective enforcement or compliance. Poaching may emerge from inside the local community, or from outsiders fishing in the area, but is often a result of perceptions ...
... Poaching, perception, benefits, and governance One of the greatest constraints on the performance of MPAs is poaching through lack of effective enforcement or compliance. Poaching may emerge from inside the local community, or from outsiders fishing in the area, but is often a result of perceptions ...
Linking ecosystem and parasite ecology Michel Loreau,
... 2003). These new studies have all shown that plant diversity influences primary production through a complementarity effect generated by niche differentiation (which enhances resource exploitation by the community as a whole) and facilitation. Thus, there is little doubt that species diversity does ...
... 2003). These new studies have all shown that plant diversity influences primary production through a complementarity effect generated by niche differentiation (which enhances resource exploitation by the community as a whole) and facilitation. Thus, there is little doubt that species diversity does ...
Biotic and Abiotic Controls in River and Stream Communities
... Without attempting to be comprehensive in our review, we discuss limits and limitations of our knowledge in these areas. We also suggest types of data and technological development that would advance our understanding. While we appreciate the value and need for empirical and comparative information, ...
... Without attempting to be comprehensive in our review, we discuss limits and limitations of our knowledge in these areas. We also suggest types of data and technological development that would advance our understanding. While we appreciate the value and need for empirical and comparative information, ...
Forest-Rangeland Ecotones in the Highlands of Balochistan, Pakistan
... rangelands as forests are scanty. Small to large shrubs are collected by the pastoral communities for cooking and heating. In the mountains of Balochistan, Artemisia is the major species collected for fuel. There are no statistical data describing the actual fuelwood requirements from rangelands, bu ...
... rangelands as forests are scanty. Small to large shrubs are collected by the pastoral communities for cooking and heating. In the mountains of Balochistan, Artemisia is the major species collected for fuel. There are no statistical data describing the actual fuelwood requirements from rangelands, bu ...
SPECIAL SECTION Hunting and Plant Community Dynamics in
... could be done to ameliorate the demographic threats to harvest-sensitive game species caused by unsustainable hunting. Three conclusions are possible at this time concerning the impact of hunting for tropical forest plant communities: (1) Hunting tends to reduce seed movement for animal-dispersed sp ...
... could be done to ameliorate the demographic threats to harvest-sensitive game species caused by unsustainable hunting. Three conclusions are possible at this time concerning the impact of hunting for tropical forest plant communities: (1) Hunting tends to reduce seed movement for animal-dispersed sp ...
Crowned eagles rarely prey on livestock in central
... 2008, Chebez et al. 2008) and is currently considered extinct in Uruguay, where it has not been reported since 1930 (Alvarez 1933). The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed it as a Vulnerable species until 2004, when it was placed in the Endangered category. The world pop ...
... 2008, Chebez et al. 2008) and is currently considered extinct in Uruguay, where it has not been reported since 1930 (Alvarez 1933). The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed it as a Vulnerable species until 2004, when it was placed in the Endangered category. The world pop ...
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning - annurev-ecolsys
... These experimentally observed effects of diversity are consistent with predictions based on a variety of theories that share a common feature: All have trade-off-based mechanisms that allow long-term coexistence of many different competing species. Diversity loss has an effect as great as, or greate ...
... These experimentally observed effects of diversity are consistent with predictions based on a variety of theories that share a common feature: All have trade-off-based mechanisms that allow long-term coexistence of many different competing species. Diversity loss has an effect as great as, or greate ...
From individuals to populations to communities A dynamic energy
... Marine ecosystems are submitted to strong anthropogenic pressures, directly through the effects of fisheries, pollutions and ocean acidification and indirectly through the effects of climate changes and their interaction with natural climate variability. Understanding and predicting those effects and ...
... Marine ecosystems are submitted to strong anthropogenic pressures, directly through the effects of fisheries, pollutions and ocean acidification and indirectly through the effects of climate changes and their interaction with natural climate variability. Understanding and predicting those effects and ...
The effect of agricultural diversity and crop choice on
... functional differences between ecological communities. The approach has not been applied widely because of the limited availability of trait information; however, here we apply this approach to some well-studied grasslands and agricultural systems to better understand how functional trait diversity ...
... functional differences between ecological communities. The approach has not been applied widely because of the limited availability of trait information; however, here we apply this approach to some well-studied grasslands and agricultural systems to better understand how functional trait diversity ...
Definitions of terms relating to biological diversity
... processes Biogeography: (n) study of the distribution of organisms and the processes that lead to these distributions Biomarker: (n) tracer used to detect, distinguish or monitor processes, structures or functions in a biological system or sample Biomass: (n) mass of living matter Biome: (n) large r ...
... processes Biogeography: (n) study of the distribution of organisms and the processes that lead to these distributions Biomarker: (n) tracer used to detect, distinguish or monitor processes, structures or functions in a biological system or sample Biomass: (n) mass of living matter Biome: (n) large r ...
Species Introduction
... as valuable as native species commercially. So, more would have to be caught. Smelt are best caught using trawls and fishers on Lake Winnipeg are set up with gill nets. Further, Lake Winnipeg may not be suitable for trawling as it may be too shallow (Derksen, A., 1990). As smelt colonize in Lake Win ...
... as valuable as native species commercially. So, more would have to be caught. Smelt are best caught using trawls and fishers on Lake Winnipeg are set up with gill nets. Further, Lake Winnipeg may not be suitable for trawling as it may be too shallow (Derksen, A., 1990). As smelt colonize in Lake Win ...
The role of environmental generalist species in ecosystem function
... different specialist species could dominate as the environment changes. However, complementary responses of specialist species may not be necessary to maintain ecosystem function under suboptimal or variable conditions. For example, if the cost of generalization is less than the cost of coping with ...
... different specialist species could dominate as the environment changes. However, complementary responses of specialist species may not be necessary to maintain ecosystem function under suboptimal or variable conditions. For example, if the cost of generalization is less than the cost of coping with ...
ground and tiger beetles - Department of Entomology
... of pest organisms including aphids, moth larvae (such as armyworm, cutworm and gypsy moth larvae), beetle larvae (such as the corn rootworm, Colorado potato beetle and the cucumber beetle), mites, and springtails. They have also been used effectively to control slugs in greenhouses (Kromp 1999). How ...
... of pest organisms including aphids, moth larvae (such as armyworm, cutworm and gypsy moth larvae), beetle larvae (such as the corn rootworm, Colorado potato beetle and the cucumber beetle), mites, and springtails. They have also been used effectively to control slugs in greenhouses (Kromp 1999). How ...
Dear Colleague
... “tipping-point” beyond which it is in jeopardy of extinction? 104. Can we accurately predict the “extinction debt” from the loss and fragmentation of natural habitats, and can we find ways to forestall paying it off? 105. Which native woody species should be planted, and how, to satisfactorily resto ...
... “tipping-point” beyond which it is in jeopardy of extinction? 104. Can we accurately predict the “extinction debt” from the loss and fragmentation of natural habitats, and can we find ways to forestall paying it off? 105. Which native woody species should be planted, and how, to satisfactorily resto ...
Islands as model systems in ecology and evolution
... absence of connecting rivers, many lakes are filled by watercourses. Such lakes are therefore not devoid of life upon formation, even if species numbers increase following formation through colonisation exceeding extinction. Also, lake volume may be as relevant as area in assessing ‘niche space’. Fo ...
... absence of connecting rivers, many lakes are filled by watercourses. Such lakes are therefore not devoid of life upon formation, even if species numbers increase following formation through colonisation exceeding extinction. Also, lake volume may be as relevant as area in assessing ‘niche space’. Fo ...
Tadpoles, Predation and Pond Habitats in the Tropics
... of aquatic habitats by frogs with larval stages. Predation by permanent aquatic predators (primarily fish) is considered to be the most important biotic factor influencing the temporal and spatial composition of tadpole communities. The development and maintenance of predatory feeding modes, includi ...
... of aquatic habitats by frogs with larval stages. Predation by permanent aquatic predators (primarily fish) is considered to be the most important biotic factor influencing the temporal and spatial composition of tadpole communities. The development and maintenance of predatory feeding modes, includi ...
Pen Llŷn a`r Sarnau /Lleyn Peninsula and the Sarnau European
... whether or not the conservation objectives are being met. Knowledge of the dynamics of many marine species and communities and their sensitivity is limited. Accordingly, in many cases it is not yet possible to identify values above or below which conservation status would be considered unfavourable. ...
... whether or not the conservation objectives are being met. Knowledge of the dynamics of many marine species and communities and their sensitivity is limited. Accordingly, in many cases it is not yet possible to identify values above or below which conservation status would be considered unfavourable. ...
Journal of Tropical Ecology - CESCO
... Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/TRO, IP address: 192.134.152.148 on 11 May 2016 ...
... Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/TRO, IP address: 192.134.152.148 on 11 May 2016 ...
Birds, bats and arthropods in tropical agroforestry landscapes
... Chapter II of this thesis shows the results of our full factorial exclusion experiment, which relates predation of birds and bats to changes in phytophagous insects, mesopredators, development and damage of cacao fruits, leaf herbivory and crop yield over local and landscape scales. It provides a de ...
... Chapter II of this thesis shows the results of our full factorial exclusion experiment, which relates predation of birds and bats to changes in phytophagous insects, mesopredators, development and damage of cacao fruits, leaf herbivory and crop yield over local and landscape scales. It provides a de ...
Global biodiversity patterns of marine phytoplankton and zooplankton
... change with the scale of observation4–6, and that these patterns depend on the history of the community assembly7. Many studies have revealed a unimodal pattern, with maximal diversity at intermediate levels of productivity1–5,8–12. Other studies revealed a monotonic increase of diversity with produ ...
... change with the scale of observation4–6, and that these patterns depend on the history of the community assembly7. Many studies have revealed a unimodal pattern, with maximal diversity at intermediate levels of productivity1–5,8–12. Other studies revealed a monotonic increase of diversity with produ ...
A review of the indicators for ecosystem structure and functioning
... Yet some of the constraints may be redundant or even contradictory, and some important ecosystem properties (or societal goals) may not be protected or advanced by the indicator-based management framework. Another reason for the seeming proliferation of indicators is that they have been developed wi ...
... Yet some of the constraints may be redundant or even contradictory, and some important ecosystem properties (or societal goals) may not be protected or advanced by the indicator-based management framework. Another reason for the seeming proliferation of indicators is that they have been developed wi ...
Keystone Predator
... Dominant versus Keystone Species In many communities, there is one species that is more abundant in number or biomass than any other, often referred to as the dominant species. For example, in a dense, old-growth forest, one type of late successional tree is often the dominant species. As you might ...
... Dominant versus Keystone Species In many communities, there is one species that is more abundant in number or biomass than any other, often referred to as the dominant species. For example, in a dense, old-growth forest, one type of late successional tree is often the dominant species. As you might ...
A succession of theories: purging redundancy from disturbance theory
... patterns of species diversity such as niche models (Grinnell, 1924;Peterson, 2006;Soberón & Peterson, 2005), lottery models (Chesson, 1991;Sale, 1977;Turnbull et al., 2000), pattern diversity (Pielou, 1966) and patch dynamics (White & Pickett, 1985;Wu & Loucks, 1995) are less directly relevant to th ...
... patterns of species diversity such as niche models (Grinnell, 1924;Peterson, 2006;Soberón & Peterson, 2005), lottery models (Chesson, 1991;Sale, 1977;Turnbull et al., 2000), pattern diversity (Pielou, 1966) and patch dynamics (White & Pickett, 1985;Wu & Loucks, 1995) are less directly relevant to th ...
Habitat conservation
Habitat conservation is a land management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore habitat areas for wild plants and animals, especially conservation reliant species, and prevent their extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range. It is a priority of many groups that cannot be easily characterized in terms of any one ideology.