ece13 Aichele 19098652 en
... beyond average treatment effects. We resort to structural estimation and simulation techniques to quantify leakage in general equilibrium. More broadly, our paper is related to structural gravity applications. In this strand of literature, policy experiments typically deal with the effects of trade ...
... beyond average treatment effects. We resort to structural estimation and simulation techniques to quantify leakage in general equilibrium. More broadly, our paper is related to structural gravity applications. In this strand of literature, policy experiments typically deal with the effects of trade ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE PERIPHERY, 1870-1939:
... the production and export of primary products has proven to be one of the most enduring and robust determinants of poor economic growth,3 economists have yet to account fully for the power of commodity-specialization in predicting economic performance. Second, economic performance among the resourc ...
... the production and export of primary products has proven to be one of the most enduring and robust determinants of poor economic growth,3 economists have yet to account fully for the power of commodity-specialization in predicting economic performance. Second, economic performance among the resourc ...
Domestic Policies and International Trade
... If a small country is importing or exporting a commodity initially, a domestic policy will affect the quantity imported or exported; the prices faced by consumers or producers; and the welfare of consumers, producers, the government, and the nation. We consider two examples in this section. In the f ...
... If a small country is importing or exporting a commodity initially, a domestic policy will affect the quantity imported or exported; the prices faced by consumers or producers; and the welfare of consumers, producers, the government, and the nation. We consider two examples in this section. In the f ...
Environmental Taxation and Trade Liberalization in Environmental Goods and Services Alain-Désiré Nimubona
... country model of international trade in EGS, in which an international monopolistic ecoindustry o¤ers its goods and services to perfectly competitive local polluting industries. In our model, import tari¤s on EGS play the role of rent extraction from the monopolistic eco-industry. In other words, to ...
... country model of international trade in EGS, in which an international monopolistic ecoindustry o¤ers its goods and services to perfectly competitive local polluting industries. In our model, import tari¤s on EGS play the role of rent extraction from the monopolistic eco-industry. In other words, to ...
The Importance of Being Earnest About Fiscal Responsibility
... very limited case – there is no revenue deficit and the investments made out of the borrowing generate returns sufficient to service the debt. Neither of these conditions is met is the Indian case. Even if we achieve zero revenue deficit, and use borrowings only for investment expenditure a la the g ...
... very limited case – there is no revenue deficit and the investments made out of the borrowing generate returns sufficient to service the debt. Neither of these conditions is met is the Indian case. Even if we achieve zero revenue deficit, and use borrowings only for investment expenditure a la the g ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES OF U.S. PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
... following BLS methods).4 And the third series in Figure 1, also from the BLS, is U.S. multifactor productivity for the non-farm business sector. U.S. multifactor productivity growth rose from 0.53% per year during 1987-1995 to 1.41% per year during 1996-2006. This index of U.S. terms of trade shows ...
... following BLS methods).4 And the third series in Figure 1, also from the BLS, is U.S. multifactor productivity for the non-farm business sector. U.S. multifactor productivity growth rose from 0.53% per year during 1987-1995 to 1.41% per year during 1996-2006. This index of U.S. terms of trade shows ...
The Impact of Budget Deficit
... AS3 position. At the same time, the economy has passed the way from point B to point B’, and then to point C. Output has temporarily increased above the natural level, but eventually has declined, while the price level has climbed up to the new height (from P2 to P3)2. Keynesian analysis of the situ ...
... AS3 position. At the same time, the economy has passed the way from point B to point B’, and then to point C. Output has temporarily increased above the natural level, but eventually has declined, while the price level has climbed up to the new height (from P2 to P3)2. Keynesian analysis of the situ ...
Chapter 14 - Anvari.net
... foreigners, the amount of interest to be paid outside the United States increases • Foreign residents, businesses and governments hold nearly 50% of the net public debt • Thus, we do not owe the debt just to ourselves ...
... foreigners, the amount of interest to be paid outside the United States increases • Foreign residents, businesses and governments hold nearly 50% of the net public debt • Thus, we do not owe the debt just to ourselves ...
International Trade Restrictions
... The Case Against Protection The Infant-Industry Argument The infant-industry argument is that it is necessary to protect a new industry from import competition to enable it to grow into a mature industry that can compete in world markets. This argument is based on the concept of dynamic competitive ...
... The Case Against Protection The Infant-Industry Argument The infant-industry argument is that it is necessary to protect a new industry from import competition to enable it to grow into a mature industry that can compete in world markets. This argument is based on the concept of dynamic competitive ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES R&D SPILLOVERS AND GLOBAL
... Elhanan Helpman thanks the NSF and U.S.-Israel BSF for financial support. We thank John Helliwell, Alexander Hoffmaister, Douglas Laxton, Paul Masson, and Steven Symansky for comments on an earlier version of the paper; and Toh Kuan and Susanna Mursula for research assistance. This paper is part of ...
... Elhanan Helpman thanks the NSF and U.S.-Israel BSF for financial support. We thank John Helliwell, Alexander Hoffmaister, Douglas Laxton, Paul Masson, and Steven Symansky for comments on an earlier version of the paper; and Toh Kuan and Susanna Mursula for research assistance. This paper is part of ...
The impact of Brexit on foreign investment in the UK Swati Dhingra
... per capita. The model addresses the question of how much more FDI would flow between two countries if the sender or the recipient joins the EU, once all these factors are taken into account. Since many FDI determinants – such as geographical distance and culture – are broadly stable over time, we ca ...
... per capita. The model addresses the question of how much more FDI would flow between two countries if the sender or the recipient joins the EU, once all these factors are taken into account. Since many FDI determinants – such as geographical distance and culture – are broadly stable over time, we ca ...
Optimal Currency Areas: Theory and Evidence for an African Single
... (Mundell 1961: 657) and recent history has proven his belief that this is not a purely academic question. By way of hypothetical examples, Mundell explains how changes in consumption patterns under sticky price assumptions can have different economic outcomes dependant on the location and nature of ...
... (Mundell 1961: 657) and recent history has proven his belief that this is not a purely academic question. By way of hypothetical examples, Mundell explains how changes in consumption patterns under sticky price assumptions can have different economic outcomes dependant on the location and nature of ...
research paper series Research Paper 2015/08 Inequality and Trade: A Behavioral-Economics Perspective
... depends not only on aggregate income but also on its distribution. Now if that is the case, then the income distribution must also be a determinant of trade since a country‟s imports is nothing but the difference between its aggregate demand and supply. ...
... depends not only on aggregate income but also on its distribution. Now if that is the case, then the income distribution must also be a determinant of trade since a country‟s imports is nothing but the difference between its aggregate demand and supply. ...
No.253 / June 2008 Exposure in External Balance Sheets
... variation in foreign currency exposure: richer, more open economies take longer positions in foreign currency. Once the cross-sectional variation is eliminated by including a set of country …xed e¤ects in the estimation, we …nd support for a key general prediction of the theoretical literature: an i ...
... variation in foreign currency exposure: richer, more open economies take longer positions in foreign currency. Once the cross-sectional variation is eliminated by including a set of country …xed e¤ects in the estimation, we …nd support for a key general prediction of the theoretical literature: an i ...
Sachs and Warner_1995_Development Economics
... and 1840s; Britain forced its way into China in the Opium Wars, 1839-42; Britain and France defeated Russia in the Crimean War, 1854-56; and Britain completed the conquest of India in 1857. Among the populous societies of Asia and Near East, only Japan was able to mobilize social and political insti ...
... and 1840s; Britain forced its way into China in the Opium Wars, 1839-42; Britain and France defeated Russia in the Crimean War, 1854-56; and Britain completed the conquest of India in 1857. Among the populous societies of Asia and Near East, only Japan was able to mobilize social and political insti ...
Public Sector Stability and Balance of Payments Crises in Selected
... influence on the external balance. Simultaneously, public sector activities affect total demand in the economy and an increase in them can also have some psychological effect. In addition, financing budget deficits by issuing bonds leads to higher consumption expenditure due to wealth effects and th ...
... influence on the external balance. Simultaneously, public sector activities affect total demand in the economy and an increase in them can also have some psychological effect. In addition, financing budget deficits by issuing bonds leads to higher consumption expenditure due to wealth effects and th ...
Public Sector Stability and Balance of Payments Crisis
... influence on the external balance. Simultaneously, public sector activities affect total demand in the economy and an increase in them can also have some psychological effect. In addition, financing budget deficits by issuing bonds leads to higher consumption expenditure due to wealth effects and th ...
... influence on the external balance. Simultaneously, public sector activities affect total demand in the economy and an increase in them can also have some psychological effect. In addition, financing budget deficits by issuing bonds leads to higher consumption expenditure due to wealth effects and th ...
An optimum-currency
... appears to have been trying to refute Friedman’s ‘‘strong’’ case for floating exchange rates4; in particular, Mundell’s objective was to identify criteria that would make the abandonment of a flexible exchange-rate regime less costly than that implied in Friedman’s paper, ‘‘The Case for Flexible Exc ...
... appears to have been trying to refute Friedman’s ‘‘strong’’ case for floating exchange rates4; in particular, Mundell’s objective was to identify criteria that would make the abandonment of a flexible exchange-rate regime less costly than that implied in Friedman’s paper, ‘‘The Case for Flexible Exc ...
CHAPTER 2—FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN TRADE THEORY
... 29. If the international terms of trade settle at a level that is between each country's opportunity cost: a. There is no basis for gainful trade for either country b. Both countries gain from trade c. Only one country gains from trade © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is in ...
... 29. If the international terms of trade settle at a level that is between each country's opportunity cost: a. There is no basis for gainful trade for either country b. Both countries gain from trade c. Only one country gains from trade © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is in ...
or Tariff
... depends on the change in prices when trade policies change. – Effective rates of protection often differ from tariff rates because tariffs affect sectors other than the protected sector, causing indirect effects on the prices and value added for the protected sector. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Addison ...
... depends on the change in prices when trade policies change. – Effective rates of protection often differ from tariff rates because tariffs affect sectors other than the protected sector, causing indirect effects on the prices and value added for the protected sector. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Addison ...
Shifting blame for manufacturing job loss
... changing demand patterns and rapid productivity growth in this sector. This argument is often linked to admonitions against those who would blame international trade flows for the loss of manufacturing jobs in the United States. It is premature to shift responsibility for the struggles of the manuf ...
... changing demand patterns and rapid productivity growth in this sector. This argument is often linked to admonitions against those who would blame international trade flows for the loss of manufacturing jobs in the United States. It is premature to shift responsibility for the struggles of the manuf ...
The Case of Greece
... analysis of the data with a view to establishing whether these hypotheses are consistent with the actual course of events in the case of the Greek economy. Section III returns to the question of the relationship between financialization and the recent financial and economic crisis. In this context, ...
... analysis of the data with a view to establishing whether these hypotheses are consistent with the actual course of events in the case of the Greek economy. Section III returns to the question of the relationship between financialization and the recent financial and economic crisis. In this context, ...
Balance of trade
The commercial balance or net exports (sometimes symbolized as NX), is the difference between the monetary value of exports and imports of output in an economy over a certain period, measured in the currency of that economy. It is the relationship between a nation's imports and exports. A positive balance is known as a trade surplus if it consists of exporting more than is imported; a negative balance is referred to as a trade deficit or, informally, a trade gap. The balance of trade is sometimes divided into a goods and a services balance.