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Guidelines for the Management of Chronic Kidney
Guidelines for the Management of Chronic Kidney

... kidney disease is to distinguish acute renal failure (ARF) from CKD. ARF is a clinical syndrome defined as an abrupt decrease in GFR over days to weeks. For study toxicity-grading purposes, the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group has defined ARF as an increase in serum creatinine level to values 11.5 m ...
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... Little did Christian Gram1 know that his differential staining technique developed in 1884 would remain one of the first procedures learned by beginning bacteriology students and one of the first procedures carried out in any laboratory where bacteria are routinely identified at the end of the 20th ...
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... Clinical Pharmacy Manager, Lowell General Hospital Lowell, MA Contact hours: 2 ...
Tetanus and the Anaesthetist
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... 1. Metronidazole 500 mg IV 8-hourly for 10 days: The drug has a spectrum of activity against anaerobes, is able to penetrate necrotic tissue, and has been shown to be more effective than penicillin in this situation.9 2. Penicillin G 1-3 Mu IV 6-hourly for 10 days. Penicillin is a GABA antagonist in ...
A Tuberculosis Guide for Specialist Physicians
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... Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest diseases known to affect humans. The causal microorganism is one of the best examples of how the selection process allows the survival of a species that has been able to adapt to change and adverse conditions. Thus, although M y c o b a c t e r i u m tuberculos ...
RCEM Basic Sciences Curriculum June 2010
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... The aim of this document is to enable trainees to focus their learning on those aspects of basic anatomy which will be of most clinical relevance in professional practice. This relevance has been established in a national research project involving over eighty senior emergency medicine clinicians. Y ...
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... of disease, most people infected with the virus are unaware of their infection. For many who have been diagnosed, treatment remains unavailable. Treatment is successful in the majority of persons treated, and treatment success rates among patients treated in low- and middle-income countries are simi ...
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... tobacco. Optimal growing conditions should, therefore, be provided in the period when the economically most valuable middle leaves are formed and nutrients are translocated into upper leaf position. Under the growing conditions of this country this is the period from the end of June to most of July ...
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... emergence. Other barley varieties she inspected had rust at lower levels and will be monitored to see if the disease develops with warmer weather as the disease develops rapidly in moist conditions when temperatures are between 15-22°C. Kith Jayasena (DAFWA) has also found leaf rust in the Flinders ...
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... The wound in the third toe space of the left foot measured 2cm x 3cm with a depth of 2cm. The wound bed had approximately 50% granulation and 50% sloughy tissue. The wound was malodorous and appeared to be infected. He was receiving daily oral antibiotic therapy (ciprofloxacin) as the infection was ...
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... may have a major impact on the care of an individual patient and are important for epidemiologic reasons, including the antibiotic susceptibility patterns used to develop treatment guidelines. A list of clinical indications for more extensive diagnostic testing (table 5) was, therefore, developed, p ...
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... new parasites which are releases in the bloodstream. He also observed that there are about 2 types of the malaria infection, one with the fever of every other day (tertian periodicity) and a new with the fever of every 3rd day (quartan periodicity) In 1890 Raimondo Filetti and Giovanni Batista Grass ...
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... potentially harmful treatments, such as corticosteroids, when they are not appropriate. Once the diagnosis of dendritic HK has been made, the goal of antiviral therapy is to provide effective and efficient viral inhibition at the site of infection, with minimal ocular or systemic toxicity, in a dosi ...
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... The explosion in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, predominantly Type 2, has led to the recognition that the adequate care of such individuals requires a formal and more structured involvement of the primary care sector, together with the diabetes units and diabetes centres. In the past the care ...
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... professionals involved in the care and management of a CVAD when used for a child in the community utilise this document as guidance to their practice. This guideline provides direction for the:  care and flushing of a CVAD when not in use  changing of a needle free device and connecting line  pr ...
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... used a number of criteria to define nosocomial “laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection and clinical sepsis” including that there must be no evidence that the infection was present or incubating at the time of hospital admission.25 As first done by McGowan et al. in 1975, many studies have define ...
Stochastic Control and Optimization Methods for Chronic Disease
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... The United States has the most expensive healthcare system in the world with healthcare spending reaching $3.0 trillion or $9,523 per person in 2014 (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 2014). However, reports consistently demonstrate that the U.S. underperforms on most dimensions of healthcare ...
Exudate, infection and patient quality of life
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... be acceptable to patients and carers. The first step is to identify and understand the wound aetiology, which involves assessing the patient’s underlying disease and contributing factors, and their impact on both the development and current presentation of the wound. Therefore, careful patient and w ...
Marijuana Smoking in Patients With Leukemia
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... of cigarettes per day for 22 years and smoking marijuana up until his hospital admission. He also had a history of alcohol abuse (quit 11 years ago) and a history of heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine abuse (stopped 12 years ago). CT of the chest demonstrated ground-glass pneumonia that resolved w ...
Update on Pharmacotherapy of Chronic Hepatitis B and C
Update on Pharmacotherapy of Chronic Hepatitis B and C

... remains an important health problem primarily because of individuals immigrating to the United States from areas of high prevalence. Globally, more than 170 million people are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). In the United States, HCV is the most common chronic bloodborne infection, a leadin ...
Dried irradiated human amniotic membrane as a
Dried irradiated human amniotic membrane as a

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Infection control

Infection control is the discipline concerned with preventing nosocomial or healthcare-associated infection, a practical (rather than academic) sub-discipline of epidemiology. It is an essential, though often underrecognized and undersupported, part of the infrastructure of health care. Infection control and hospital epidemiology are akin to public health practice, practiced within the confines of a particular health-care delivery system rather than directed at society as a whole. Anti-infective agents include antibiotics, antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals and antiprotozoals.Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the healthcare setting (whether patient-to-patient, from patients to staff and from staff to patients, or among-staff), including prevention (via hand hygiene/hand washing, cleaning/disinfection/sterilization, vaccination, surveillance), monitoring/investigation of demonstrated or suspected spread of infection within a particular health-care setting (surveillance and outbreak investigation), and management (interruption of outbreaks). It is on this basis that the common title being adopted within health care is ""infection prevention and control.""
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