Climate Scenario Development
... Each of the stages of analysis required scenario information to be provided, including: • scenarios of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, affecting crop growth and water use, as an input to the crop models; • climate observations and scenarios of future climate, for the crop model simulations; • ad ...
... Each of the stages of analysis required scenario information to be provided, including: • scenarios of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, affecting crop growth and water use, as an input to the crop models; • climate observations and scenarios of future climate, for the crop model simulations; • ad ...
Global Climate Projections
... system parameters complement expert judgement. New results corroborate those given in the Third Assessment Report (TAR). Continued greenhouse gas emissions at or above current rates will cause further warming and induce many changes in the global climate system during the 21st century that would ver ...
... system parameters complement expert judgement. New results corroborate those given in the Third Assessment Report (TAR). Continued greenhouse gas emissions at or above current rates will cause further warming and induce many changes in the global climate system during the 21st century that would ver ...
The Climate and Development Challenge for Latin America
... Activity costs for land-use (or AFOLU) pathways..................................................................90 ZNDD 2020/ZNLU 2030 + (plus) pathway................................................................................93 Agricultural emissions and the AFOLU+ pathway.................... ...
... Activity costs for land-use (or AFOLU) pathways..................................................................90 ZNDD 2020/ZNLU 2030 + (plus) pathway................................................................................93 Agricultural emissions and the AFOLU+ pathway.................... ...
The Governance of Scientific Assessment in the Context of the
... ing nations were sceptical of the idea that an international response was needed to address the problem caused by the overconsumption of resources in industrialised countries (Hecht / Tirpak 1995). It was vital therefore to involve developing-country governments and scientists in the international a ...
... ing nations were sceptical of the idea that an international response was needed to address the problem caused by the overconsumption of resources in industrialised countries (Hecht / Tirpak 1995). It was vital therefore to involve developing-country governments and scientists in the international a ...
Climate finance in the Pacific: An overview of flows to the region`s
... donor countries and multilateral climate funds to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Assistance Committee’s Creditor Reporting System (CRS). Data on international public financial support to developing countries is reported to the CRS by all OECD countries, ...
... donor countries and multilateral climate funds to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Assistance Committee’s Creditor Reporting System (CRS). Data on international public financial support to developing countries is reported to the CRS by all OECD countries, ...
Friending Planet Earth - Catholic Climate Covenant
... We all breathe the same air. Guarding the integrity of the atmosphere— without which complex life could not have evolved on this planet—seems like common sense. Yet a broad consensus of modern science is that human activity is [is altering] the earth's atmospheric characteristics in serious, perhaps ...
... We all breathe the same air. Guarding the integrity of the atmosphere— without which complex life could not have evolved on this planet—seems like common sense. Yet a broad consensus of modern science is that human activity is [is altering] the earth's atmospheric characteristics in serious, perhaps ...
ities` action on climate change in South West England.
... under the banner of Local Agenda 21, and questions have been raised as to how effective these movements and community groups have been, not only in catalyzing individual efforts and community projects but as contributors to resource saving and carbon reduction action through local government? (Laugh ...
... under the banner of Local Agenda 21, and questions have been raised as to how effective these movements and community groups have been, not only in catalyzing individual efforts and community projects but as contributors to resource saving and carbon reduction action through local government? (Laugh ...
Contrasting the direct radiative effect and direct radiative forcing of
... various anthropogenic forcing mechanisms on the Earth’s energy budget. The aerosol DRF reflects both the change in primary aerosol emissions from anthropogenic activity and the impacts of the changing chemical environment (due to anthropogenic emissions) on secondary aerosol formation. The radiative ...
... various anthropogenic forcing mechanisms on the Earth’s energy budget. The aerosol DRF reflects both the change in primary aerosol emissions from anthropogenic activity and the impacts of the changing chemical environment (due to anthropogenic emissions) on secondary aerosol formation. The radiative ...
Impacts of climate-related geo-engineering on biological
... Alley, R. B., J. Marotzke, et al. (2003). "Abrupt climate change." Science 299: 2005-2010 DOI: 10.1126/science.1081056 Available at: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/299/5615/2005.abstract Large, abrupt, and widespread climate changes with major impacts have occurred repeatedly in the past, when th ...
... Alley, R. B., J. Marotzke, et al. (2003). "Abrupt climate change." Science 299: 2005-2010 DOI: 10.1126/science.1081056 Available at: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/299/5615/2005.abstract Large, abrupt, and widespread climate changes with major impacts have occurred repeatedly in the past, when th ...
DOC - unece
... There are considerable differences in climate change projections across the region and a wide range of issues and vulnerabilities, reflecting the diverse hydrological situation. Furthermore, the impacts vary in time and space: some impacts are on daily/local scale (e.g. lower oxygen content), others ...
... There are considerable differences in climate change projections across the region and a wide range of issues and vulnerabilities, reflecting the diverse hydrological situation. Furthermore, the impacts vary in time and space: some impacts are on daily/local scale (e.g. lower oxygen content), others ...
UK Climate Change Risk Assessment 2017 Synthesis Report
... The Paris Agreement is a significant step forward. 195 nations including the UK will “pursue efforts” to prevent more than a 1.5°C increase in global temperatures. Current commitments to reduce emissions however, even if fully implemented, will lead to an estimated 2.7°C rise. Global emissions would ...
... The Paris Agreement is a significant step forward. 195 nations including the UK will “pursue efforts” to prevent more than a 1.5°C increase in global temperatures. Current commitments to reduce emissions however, even if fully implemented, will lead to an estimated 2.7°C rise. Global emissions would ...
Carbon Disclosure Project
... forward-looking statements in this report, including forward-looking statements regarding: (a) expected growth of the company, market penetration and GW of solar systems installed by SunPower in the future; (b) adoption of regulations and policies that benefit solar energy and SunPower and the succe ...
... forward-looking statements in this report, including forward-looking statements regarding: (a) expected growth of the company, market penetration and GW of solar systems installed by SunPower in the future; (b) adoption of regulations and policies that benefit solar energy and SunPower and the succe ...
Strategies for Reducing the Impacts of Surface Transportation on
... This study was requested by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), and conducted as part of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 20-24. The NCHRP is supported by annual voluntary contributions from the state Departments of Transporta ...
... This study was requested by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), and conducted as part of National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 20-24. The NCHRP is supported by annual voluntary contributions from the state Departments of Transporta ...
Impacts of Climate Related Geo-engineering on Biological
... of biodiversity and ecosystems requires that drivers of biodiversity loss are reduced. The current main direct drivers of biodiversity loss are habitat conversion, over-exploitation, introduction of invasive species, pollution and climate change. These in turn are being driven by demographic, econom ...
... of biodiversity and ecosystems requires that drivers of biodiversity loss are reduced. The current main direct drivers of biodiversity loss are habitat conversion, over-exploitation, introduction of invasive species, pollution and climate change. These in turn are being driven by demographic, econom ...
Climate Change as Metaphor & Catalyst
... lack of salience. Why, despite broad public consensus on the science, risks, and policy to address climate change, has it not been effectively addressed? The research presented herein sought answers to two primary questions: I. ...
... lack of salience. Why, despite broad public consensus on the science, risks, and policy to address climate change, has it not been effectively addressed? The research presented herein sought answers to two primary questions: I. ...
DOC - World bank documents
... from both the legal logging and palm oil industries, both quite profitable. The Indonesian government must, therefore, be convinced that policies designed for avoided deforestation and its associated carbon credits are at least as profitable than either of these alternatives before REDD will have a ...
... from both the legal logging and palm oil industries, both quite profitable. The Indonesian government must, therefore, be convinced that policies designed for avoided deforestation and its associated carbon credits are at least as profitable than either of these alternatives before REDD will have a ...
The Geopolitics of Climate Change
... international politics in general and international security in particular. The report focuses on whether and in what way climate change may alter the conditions of international security. From this perspective, the initial effects of climate change will vary according to existing economic, politica ...
... international politics in general and international security in particular. The report focuses on whether and in what way climate change may alter the conditions of international security. From this perspective, the initial effects of climate change will vary according to existing economic, politica ...
Loss and Damage: The Role of Ecosystem Services
... change and a specific event, with subsequent loss and damage, are often complicated. Oversimplification must be avoided and the role of different factors, such as governance or management of natural resources, should be explored further. For example, lack of investment in water related infrastructur ...
... change and a specific event, with subsequent loss and damage, are often complicated. Oversimplification must be avoided and the role of different factors, such as governance or management of natural resources, should be explored further. For example, lack of investment in water related infrastructur ...
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is an international environmental treaty (currently the only international climate policy venue with broad legitimacy, due in part to its virtually universal membership) negotiated at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. The objective of the treaty is to ""stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system"".The treaty itself set no binding limits on greenhouse gas emissions for individual countries and contains no enforcement mechanisms. In that sense, the treaty is considered legally non-binding. Instead, the treaty provides a framework for negotiating specific international treaties (called ""protocols"") that may set binding limits on greenhouse gases.The UNFCCC was adopted on 9 May 1992, and opened for signature on 4 June 1992, after an Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee produced the text of the Framework Convention as a report following its meeting in New York from 30 April to 9 May 1992. It entered into force on 21 March 1994. As of March 2014, UNFCCC has 196 parties.The parties to the convention have met annually from 1995 in Conferences of the Parties (COP) to assess progress in dealing with climate change. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol was concluded and established legally binding obligations for developed countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. The 2010 Cancún agreements state that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. The 20th COP took place in Peru in 2014.One of the first tasks set by the UNFCCC was for signatory nations to establish national greenhouse gas inventories of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and removals, which were used to create the 1990 benchmark levels for accession of Annex I countries to the Kyoto Protocol and for the commitment of those countries to GHG reductions. Updated inventories must be regularly submitted by Annex I countries.The UNFCCC is also the name of the United Nations Secretariat charged with supporting the operation of the Convention, with offices in Haus Carstanjen, and UN Campus [known as: Langer Eugen] Bonn, Germany. From 2006 to 2010 the head of the secretariat was Yvo de Boer. On 17 May 2010, Christiana Figueres from Costa Rica succeeded de Boer. The Secretariat, augmented through the parallel efforts of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), aims to gain consensus through meetings and the discussion of various strategies.