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... Urbanization has lead to transformation of natural surfaces to urban land. Construction of buildings and infrastructure has made undue unavoidable changes in land surface properties. One important property is the land surface temperature (LST). LST is responsible for the change in air temperature of ...
... Urbanization has lead to transformation of natural surfaces to urban land. Construction of buildings and infrastructure has made undue unavoidable changes in land surface properties. One important property is the land surface temperature (LST). LST is responsible for the change in air temperature of ...
Stratospheric sulfur injection on terrestrial autotroph productivity
... schemes to mitigate global climate change, one of which is geoengineering - the intentional manipulation of the environment on a planetary scale. The focus of this proposal will be on the unintended consequences of one particular geoengineering scheme: the injection of sulfur aerosols into the strat ...
... schemes to mitigate global climate change, one of which is geoengineering - the intentional manipulation of the environment on a planetary scale. The focus of this proposal will be on the unintended consequences of one particular geoengineering scheme: the injection of sulfur aerosols into the strat ...
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... will likely be costly but “manageable” in the years leading up to 2050; however, if no action is taken the following period from 2050 to 2080 will be much more challenging (Nelson et al., 2010). The urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and adapt to climate change constitutes an unpre ...
... will likely be costly but “manageable” in the years leading up to 2050; however, if no action is taken the following period from 2050 to 2080 will be much more challenging (Nelson et al., 2010). The urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and adapt to climate change constitutes an unpre ...
NF3, the greenhouse gas missing from Kyoto
... http://unfccc.int/ghg_emissions_data/ghg_data_from_unfccc/time_series_annex_i/items/3814.php). For perspective, NF3 production projected for next year by one company alone (Air Products) will reach the equivalent of 54 MMTCO2, exceeding the world’s largest coal-fired power stations (e.g., 25 to 32 M ...
... http://unfccc.int/ghg_emissions_data/ghg_data_from_unfccc/time_series_annex_i/items/3814.php). For perspective, NF3 production projected for next year by one company alone (Air Products) will reach the equivalent of 54 MMTCO2, exceeding the world’s largest coal-fired power stations (e.g., 25 to 32 M ...
The significant climate warming in the northern Tibetan Plateau and
... demonstrated that ozone depletion in the stratosphere could affect surface climate changes (e.g., Chen et al., 1998; Graf et al., 1998; Volodin and Galin, 1998, 1999; Gillett and Thompson, 2003). Graf et al. (1998) found that the surface air temperature responded to stratospheric ozone depletion, bu ...
... demonstrated that ozone depletion in the stratosphere could affect surface climate changes (e.g., Chen et al., 1998; Graf et al., 1998; Volodin and Galin, 1998, 1999; Gillett and Thompson, 2003). Graf et al. (1998) found that the surface air temperature responded to stratospheric ozone depletion, bu ...
Report of Inter Experts on Global Change
... An observation was made that there is a weak link between African scientists and the policy makers, as a result of which it has remained difficult to pass scientific information from the science community to policy bodies. In responding to this observation, it was noted that ICSU ROA is guided by th ...
... An observation was made that there is a weak link between African scientists and the policy makers, as a result of which it has remained difficult to pass scientific information from the science community to policy bodies. In responding to this observation, it was noted that ICSU ROA is guided by th ...
Which Countries are Particularly Vulnerable?
... which countries are particularly vulnerable: ‘… low-lying and other small island countries, countries with low-lying coastal, arid and semi-arid areas or areas liable to floods, drought and desertification, and developing countries with fragile mountainous ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to t ...
... which countries are particularly vulnerable: ‘… low-lying and other small island countries, countries with low-lying coastal, arid and semi-arid areas or areas liable to floods, drought and desertification, and developing countries with fragile mountainous ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to t ...
What do we know about the economics of adaptation?
... contribute to faster and more vigorous changes with corresponding challenges to policy-makers. Encouraging flexibility of local communities will, in general, enhance the adaptive capacity of local communities. This may be stimulated by facilitating establishment of new business, education and po ...
... contribute to faster and more vigorous changes with corresponding challenges to policy-makers. Encouraging flexibility of local communities will, in general, enhance the adaptive capacity of local communities. This may be stimulated by facilitating establishment of new business, education and po ...
Wales Survey Results - School of Psychology
... Q5. Thinking about the causes of climate change, which, if any, of the following best describes your opinion? Climate change is entirely caused by natural processes Climate change is mainly caused by natural processes Climate change is partly caused by natural processes and partly caused by human ac ...
... Q5. Thinking about the causes of climate change, which, if any, of the following best describes your opinion? Climate change is entirely caused by natural processes Climate change is mainly caused by natural processes Climate change is partly caused by natural processes and partly caused by human ac ...
Observed Climate Variability and Trends
... (ENSO) (Cobb et al., 2003; Gergis and Fowler, 2009). However, in the past climate shifts were driven by natural mechanisms; it is now likely that they are also being driven by human influences (Trenberth et al., 2007). The current way of life in the PCCSP region is based on the patterns of climate e ...
... (ENSO) (Cobb et al., 2003; Gergis and Fowler, 2009). However, in the past climate shifts were driven by natural mechanisms; it is now likely that they are also being driven by human influences (Trenberth et al., 2007). The current way of life in the PCCSP region is based on the patterns of climate e ...
The gains from trade
... are probably the biggest source of uncertainty. A simple format would index a country’s aggregate emissions to future income alone. Other possible proposals include in the formula other variables like population. More specifically, for every percentage point in GDP growth that is higher or lower tha ...
... are probably the biggest source of uncertainty. A simple format would index a country’s aggregate emissions to future income alone. Other possible proposals include in the formula other variables like population. More specifically, for every percentage point in GDP growth that is higher or lower tha ...
Present weather and Climate: evolving Conditions
... The linear warming trend continued in the first decade of the twenty-first century, the warmest over the region during the 110-year period of record (see Table 5.1). Increases have been more than 1.8°F (1°C) in many parts of the Southwest over the last 110 years, with isolated 3.6°F (2°C) increases ...
... The linear warming trend continued in the first decade of the twenty-first century, the warmest over the region during the 110-year period of record (see Table 5.1). Increases have been more than 1.8°F (1°C) in many parts of the Southwest over the last 110 years, with isolated 3.6°F (2°C) increases ...
ETADATA OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE KNOWLEDGE PORTAL
... exhibit slightly different absolute temperatures and precipitation. These offsets compared to observational data are generally small, yet in some regions they can be significant. In fact, because of these offsets in the depiction of climate in absolute values, the climatologi ...
... exhibit slightly different absolute temperatures and precipitation. These offsets compared to observational data are generally small, yet in some regions they can be significant. In fact, because of these offsets in the depiction of climate in absolute values, the climatologi ...
Asian Development Outlook 2016 Update: Highlights
... 2 Asian Development Outlook 2016 Update Highlights ...
... 2 Asian Development Outlook 2016 Update Highlights ...
Outstanding Environmental Issues for Human Development
... the MDGs. At the same time a further deterioration of environmental conditions can be expected. Environmental degradation will increasingly have a negative impact on the realization of development goals. Major problems that need to be dealt with are the conflict between land for agricultural product ...
... the MDGs. At the same time a further deterioration of environmental conditions can be expected. Environmental degradation will increasingly have a negative impact on the realization of development goals. Major problems that need to be dealt with are the conflict between land for agricultural product ...
Climate Smart Agriculture
... Higher cocoa yields have changed the life of her family. “My husband and I have five children, but in addition to our own kids we take care of my sister's four children after she died some years ago,” Elizabeth tells us. “We also house some of my husband’s relatives, and that is another five people. ...
... Higher cocoa yields have changed the life of her family. “My husband and I have five children, but in addition to our own kids we take care of my sister's four children after she died some years ago,” Elizabeth tells us. “We also house some of my husband’s relatives, and that is another five people. ...
powerpoint presentation
... How might the ocean feed back on climate modes and create decadal to centennial to millenial time scales? Note that advection time scales are similar to these climate modes: ocean gyres - decades ocean basins - centuries global ocean - ~1000 years (1) Advection of heat and salinity anomalies: from ...
... How might the ocean feed back on climate modes and create decadal to centennial to millenial time scales? Note that advection time scales are similar to these climate modes: ocean gyres - decades ocean basins - centuries global ocean - ~1000 years (1) Advection of heat and salinity anomalies: from ...
India`s INDCs - Just Climate Action
... Developing countries like India are resource-constrained and are already spending enormous amounts on climate change. Implementing climate change actions would require developed countries to fulfill their pledges and obligations in view of existing resource gaps. The international comm ...
... Developing countries like India are resource-constrained and are already spending enormous amounts on climate change. Implementing climate change actions would require developed countries to fulfill their pledges and obligations in view of existing resource gaps. The international comm ...
Polar Bear Propaganda - Frontier Centre For Public Policy
... If a picture is worth a thousand words, then it can also be used to tell a bigger lie. In this case, of the 29 words used to describe the scene depicted in the photograph, eight of them are emotional: “very sad”, “hapless”, “clinging”, “whatever is left” and “home”. This should alert readers to the ...
... If a picture is worth a thousand words, then it can also be used to tell a bigger lie. In this case, of the 29 words used to describe the scene depicted in the photograph, eight of them are emotional: “very sad”, “hapless”, “clinging”, “whatever is left” and “home”. This should alert readers to the ...
Adopted - The James Bay Advisory Committee on the Environment
... Municipality does not respect the requirement to consult Aboriginal communities, which falls to the Québec government. Consequently, the JBM is trying more and more to usurp jurisdiction over Category II and III lands. This has led to, among other things, a zoni ...
... Municipality does not respect the requirement to consult Aboriginal communities, which falls to the Québec government. Consequently, the JBM is trying more and more to usurp jurisdiction over Category II and III lands. This has led to, among other things, a zoni ...
Introduction - Department of Meteorology and Climate Science
... Clouds and day to day temperatures Imagine that you are going camping in the Sierras with your friends. On the first day (and evening) it is clear, while on the second day (and evening) it is cloud. Based on this information alone: ...
... Clouds and day to day temperatures Imagine that you are going camping in the Sierras with your friends. On the first day (and evening) it is clear, while on the second day (and evening) it is cloud. Based on this information alone: ...
Robin Nicholson The Edge 160720_C4C
... Paul Morrell wondered whether we are at a special moment? • Globalisation of trade (and membership of institutions) • The growth of the investor-owned, multi-national, multidisciplinary practice (eg Aecom) • Ageing professions – some are estimated to lose 25% UK members by 2020 (and Generation Y is ...
... Paul Morrell wondered whether we are at a special moment? • Globalisation of trade (and membership of institutions) • The growth of the investor-owned, multi-national, multidisciplinary practice (eg Aecom) • Ageing professions – some are estimated to lose 25% UK members by 2020 (and Generation Y is ...
The Carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Effect
... scattered observational data, he argued that there were parts of the spectrum where the CO2 bands did not overlap others. Some scientists found this convincing, or at least kept an open mind on the question. But it remained the standard view that, as an official U.S. Weather Bureau publication put i ...
... scattered observational data, he argued that there were parts of the spectrum where the CO2 bands did not overlap others. Some scientists found this convincing, or at least kept an open mind on the question. But it remained the standard view that, as an official U.S. Weather Bureau publication put i ...
The Carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Effect
... scattered observational data, he argued that there were parts of the spectrum where the CO2 bands did not overlap others. Some scientists found this convincing, or at least kept an open mind on the question. But it remained the standard view that, as an official U.S. Weather Bureau publication put i ...
... scattered observational data, he argued that there were parts of the spectrum where the CO2 bands did not overlap others. Some scientists found this convincing, or at least kept an open mind on the question. But it remained the standard view that, as an official U.S. Weather Bureau publication put i ...
Global Environmental Policy and Global Trade Policy
... per capita, growth leads to greater environmental damage, until it levels off at an intermediate level of income, after which further growth leads to improvements in the environment. This empirical relationship is known as the Environmental Kuznets Curve. The World Bank (1992) and Grossman and Krueg ...
... per capita, growth leads to greater environmental damage, until it levels off at an intermediate level of income, after which further growth leads to improvements in the environment. This empirical relationship is known as the Environmental Kuznets Curve. The World Bank (1992) and Grossman and Krueg ...
Years of Living Dangerously
Years of Living Dangerously is a documentary television series focusing on global warming. The first season premiered on April 13, 2014, consisted of 9 episodes, and ran on Showtime. It won an Emmy Award as Outstanding Documentary or Nonfiction Series. The second season, consisting of 8 episodes, is expected to air on the National Geographic Channel in late 2016, with broader distribution than the first season. James Cameron, Arnold Schwarzenegger, and clean energy investor and environmental activist Daniel Abbasi are executive producers of the series, as was the late Jerry Weintraub for the first season. Joel Bach and David Gelber, former 60 Minutes producers, are co-creators of the series as well as executive producers. Joseph Romm and Heidi Cullen are the chief science advisors.The weekly episodes feature celebrity investigators, who each have a history of environmental activism, and well-known journalists, each of whom have a background in environmental reportage. These ""correspondents"" travel to areas around the world and throughout the U.S. affected by global warming to interview experts and ordinary people affected by, and seeking solutions to, the effects of global warming. They act as proxies for the audience, asking questions to find out people's opinions and to discover the scientific evidence. The celebrities in season 1 included Harrison Ford, Matt Damon, Ian Somerhalder, Jessica Alba, Don Cheadle, America Ferrera, Michael C. Hall, Olivia Munn and Schwarzenegger. The journalists include Lesley Stahl, Thomas Friedman, Chris Hayes and Mark Bittman. The final episode of season 1 featured an interview by Friedman of President Barack Obama. In season 2, David Letterman has agreed to travel to India to interview the prime minister and examine how the country plans to distribute solar power to its entire population over the next decade. The show will send Schwarzenegger as a correspondent to China. Other hosts for season 2 include Cameron, Somerhalder, Munn, Friedman, Cheadle, and newcomers Jack Black, Joshua Jackson, Aasif Mandvi, Cecily Strong and Ty Burrell in an episode about electric cars. Season 2 is expected to cover more impacts of climate change, like hurricanes, historic droughts and the rapidly increasing extinction rate of species, but Bach noted that the season will ""focus much more ... on solutions that individuals, communities, companies and even governments can use to address worldwide climate change.""Schwarzenegger reflected on how the series tries to make the issue of climate change resonate with the public: ""I think the environmental movement only can be successful if we are simple and clear and make it a human story. We will tell human stories in this project. The scientists would never get the kind of attention that someone in show business gets."" Cameron elaborated: ""We didn’t use our celebrities as talking head experts, because they’re not climate experts. They were concerned, intelligent, curious citizens who were out to find answers. They were functioning as journalists."" Newsweek said that the celebrity reporters ""lend sparks to an issue that sends most viewers for the exits"".