Studies on the Bacterial Component of Soybean Root
... envelope (Pl. I), whose double-layered structure is seen in P1.4, fig. 8. In most preparations there was a certain amount of shrinkage of the bacteroids resulting in empty spaces between them and their cell walls; it is probable that in life these were closely applied to the surface of the bacteroid ...
... envelope (Pl. I), whose double-layered structure is seen in P1.4, fig. 8. In most preparations there was a certain amount of shrinkage of the bacteroids resulting in empty spaces between them and their cell walls; it is probable that in life these were closely applied to the surface of the bacteroid ...
ER Membrane Protein Complex Required for Nuclear
... opposite mating type. After fusion of the two plasma membranes of the mating cells, a dinucleated cell forms initially in which the two haploid nuclei then rapidly fuse to form a single diploid nucleus. This latter event, called karyogamy, can be divided into two distinct steps: the microtubule-base ...
... opposite mating type. After fusion of the two plasma membranes of the mating cells, a dinucleated cell forms initially in which the two haploid nuclei then rapidly fuse to form a single diploid nucleus. This latter event, called karyogamy, can be divided into two distinct steps: the microtubule-base ...
The Euglena - Hamilton Local Schools
... Euglena are unicellular organisms classified into the Kingdom Protista, and the Phylum Euglenophyta. All euglena have chloroplasts and can make their own food by photosynthesis. They are not completely autotrophic though, euglena can also absorb food from their environment. Euglena usually live in q ...
... Euglena are unicellular organisms classified into the Kingdom Protista, and the Phylum Euglenophyta. All euglena have chloroplasts and can make their own food by photosynthesis. They are not completely autotrophic though, euglena can also absorb food from their environment. Euglena usually live in q ...
Phosphorylation Controls CLIMP-63–mediated Anchoring of the
... (CLIMP-63) is a nonglycosylated type II ER membrane protein that is excluded from the nuclear envelope (Schweizer et al., 1993a). Restricted localization of CLIMP-63 to the reticular part of the ER is mediated by self-association that retains the protein in the ER (Schweizer et al., 1994) and limits ...
... (CLIMP-63) is a nonglycosylated type II ER membrane protein that is excluded from the nuclear envelope (Schweizer et al., 1993a). Restricted localization of CLIMP-63 to the reticular part of the ER is mediated by self-association that retains the protein in the ER (Schweizer et al., 1994) and limits ...
The plasma membrane recycling pathway and cell polarity in plants
... al., 2004a). They possibly function in the regulation of trafficking events between the Golgi stacks and lytic vacuoles (Bolte et al., 2004a; Kotzer et al., 2004). PVCs are essentially defined by the presence of specific vacuolar sorting receptors (VSRs) involved in protein sorting to vacuoles and m ...
... al., 2004a). They possibly function in the regulation of trafficking events between the Golgi stacks and lytic vacuoles (Bolte et al., 2004a; Kotzer et al., 2004). PVCs are essentially defined by the presence of specific vacuolar sorting receptors (VSRs) involved in protein sorting to vacuoles and m ...
Chapter 7: Cellular Structure and Function - Bellbrook
... ago. According to the endosymbiont theory, a symbiotic mutual relationship involved one prokaryotic cell living inside of another. The endosymbiont theory is discussed in greater detail in Chapter 14. Imagine how organisms would be different if the eukaryotic form had not evolved. Because eukaryotic ...
... ago. According to the endosymbiont theory, a symbiotic mutual relationship involved one prokaryotic cell living inside of another. The endosymbiont theory is discussed in greater detail in Chapter 14. Imagine how organisms would be different if the eukaryotic form had not evolved. Because eukaryotic ...
Organization of the Sea Urchin Egg Endoplasmic Reticulum and Its
... of the egg volume), the dye spread throughout the egg (110 Am diameter) over a period of ti 30 min (Fig . 1, A and B) . Although little detail could be discerned by conventional fluorescence microscopy, observations with the confocal microscope allowed visualization of a system of cisternae (lamella ...
... of the egg volume), the dye spread throughout the egg (110 Am diameter) over a period of ti 30 min (Fig . 1, A and B) . Although little detail could be discerned by conventional fluorescence microscopy, observations with the confocal microscope allowed visualization of a system of cisternae (lamella ...
Chapter 1 - Utrecht University Repository
... An eukaryotic cell is separated from its extracellular environment by its plasma membrane and is compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles. The integrity of these membranes is essential for cell life and differentiation. At the same time transport of solutes and macromolecules across and betw ...
... An eukaryotic cell is separated from its extracellular environment by its plasma membrane and is compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles. The integrity of these membranes is essential for cell life and differentiation. At the same time transport of solutes and macromolecules across and betw ...
A role of SAND-family proteins in endocytosis
... is essential for the uptake of extracellular nutrients and the regulation of membrane dynamics. Furthermore, endocytosis participates in the cell’s reaction to extracellular stimuli by desensitizing, down-regulating or recycling receptors and membrane proteins [1]. Genetic screens for effectors of e ...
... is essential for the uptake of extracellular nutrients and the regulation of membrane dynamics. Furthermore, endocytosis participates in the cell’s reaction to extracellular stimuli by desensitizing, down-regulating or recycling receptors and membrane proteins [1]. Genetic screens for effectors of e ...
Plant cell expansion: scaling the wall Fr´ed´eric Nicol and Herman H
... figure. The increase in wall surface then leads to the uptake of water and solutes, which results in an increase in volume. Cell growth arrests as soon as the wall pH increases, for instance through inhibition of the proton ATPase, which would inhibit cell wall loosening proteins, and activate a set ...
... figure. The increase in wall surface then leads to the uptake of water and solutes, which results in an increase in volume. Cell growth arrests as soon as the wall pH increases, for instance through inhibition of the proton ATPase, which would inhibit cell wall loosening proteins, and activate a set ...
The World of Cells Kinds of Cells Tour of a Eukaryotic Cell Transport
... use of stains that bind to specific molecular targets. This approach has been used in the analysis of tissue samples, or histology, for many years and has been improved dramatically with the use of antibiotics that bind to very specific molecular structures. This process, called immunocytochemistry, u ...
... use of stains that bind to specific molecular targets. This approach has been used in the analysis of tissue samples, or histology, for many years and has been improved dramatically with the use of antibiotics that bind to very specific molecular structures. This process, called immunocytochemistry, u ...
Genetically controlled fusion
... (1) Noireaux et al. A vesicle bioreactor as a step toward an artificial cell assembly. 2004. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(51): p. 17669-17674; (2) Caschera et al. Programmed Vesicle Fusion Triggers Gene Expression. 2011. Langmuir. In print; (3) Nomura et al. Microscopic observations reveal that fuso ...
... (1) Noireaux et al. A vesicle bioreactor as a step toward an artificial cell assembly. 2004. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(51): p. 17669-17674; (2) Caschera et al. Programmed Vesicle Fusion Triggers Gene Expression. 2011. Langmuir. In print; (3) Nomura et al. Microscopic observations reveal that fuso ...
Direct Visualization by Cryo-EM of the Mycobacterial Capsular
... Cell envelope organization of mycobacterial cells The ultra-structure of the mycobacterial cell envelope was investigated using 30 nm vitreous sections, as previously described [15]. As a control for structural preservation of the envelope morphology, we also examine vitreous sections of the Gramneg ...
... Cell envelope organization of mycobacterial cells The ultra-structure of the mycobacterial cell envelope was investigated using 30 nm vitreous sections, as previously described [15]. As a control for structural preservation of the envelope morphology, we also examine vitreous sections of the Gramneg ...
Specification sheet
... This antibody is intended for use to qualitatively identify Glycophorin A antigen by light microscopy in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections using immunohistochemical detection methodology. Interpretation of any positive or negative staining must be complemented with the evaluation of ...
... This antibody is intended for use to qualitatively identify Glycophorin A antigen by light microscopy in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections using immunohistochemical detection methodology. Interpretation of any positive or negative staining must be complemented with the evaluation of ...
WJEC GCSE Biology - Hodder Education
... Diffusion is a natural process that results from the fact that all molecules are constantly in motion. It is called a passive process, because it does not require an input of energy. The movement is random – there is nothing pushing them and the molecules cannot possibly ‘know’ in which direction th ...
... Diffusion is a natural process that results from the fact that all molecules are constantly in motion. It is called a passive process, because it does not require an input of energy. The movement is random – there is nothing pushing them and the molecules cannot possibly ‘know’ in which direction th ...
Chapter 2: Basic Biological Principles Lesson 2: Structural and
... processes, a cell must be able to quickly pass substances into and out of the cell. For example, it must be able to pass nutrients and oxygen into the cell and waste products out of the cell. Anything that enters or leaves a cell must cross its outer surface. It is this need to pass substances acros ...
... processes, a cell must be able to quickly pass substances into and out of the cell. For example, it must be able to pass nutrients and oxygen into the cell and waste products out of the cell. Anything that enters or leaves a cell must cross its outer surface. It is this need to pass substances acros ...
Sickle Cell Anemia
... 2. Why has natural selection NOT acted against the sickle cell allele in Africa by reduced its frequency in the African population? (In other words, why is this fatal allele so common in Africa?) The defective allele is common in central Africa because people who are heterozygous (Aa) for the sickle ...
... 2. Why has natural selection NOT acted against the sickle cell allele in Africa by reduced its frequency in the African population? (In other words, why is this fatal allele so common in Africa?) The defective allele is common in central Africa because people who are heterozygous (Aa) for the sickle ...
1- - Shajarastore
... -Salt bridge, connecting the two half-cells. a- Explain why the lamp lights when the external circuit is complete. b- How does the quantity of Mg2+ ions vary in beaker (A)? Justify. c- The blue color of the solution in beaker (B) gradually fades. Explain d- Deduce what originates electric energy. e- ...
... -Salt bridge, connecting the two half-cells. a- Explain why the lamp lights when the external circuit is complete. b- How does the quantity of Mg2+ ions vary in beaker (A)? Justify. c- The blue color of the solution in beaker (B) gradually fades. Explain d- Deduce what originates electric energy. e- ...
Connection of the Mitochondrial Outer and Inner Membranes by
... branes. In this case, the COOH terminus would be located in the matrix space, as was first suggested by Hales and Fuller (1997). (b) Alternatively, the hydrophobic region could span the mitochondrial outer membrane twice, and the COOH-terminal domain would thus face the cytosol. (c) If there is only ...
... branes. In this case, the COOH terminus would be located in the matrix space, as was first suggested by Hales and Fuller (1997). (b) Alternatively, the hydrophobic region could span the mitochondrial outer membrane twice, and the COOH-terminal domain would thus face the cytosol. (c) If there is only ...
colloid-osmotic pressure or oncotic pressure of plasma π plasma
... increases. When it becomes clinically detectable, it is called edema Venous obstruction, erect posture and plasma protein deficiency can lead to edema In conditions where plasma proteins are reduced, e.g. from being lost in the urine (proteinuria) or from malnutrition, there will be a reduction in o ...
... increases. When it becomes clinically detectable, it is called edema Venous obstruction, erect posture and plasma protein deficiency can lead to edema In conditions where plasma proteins are reduced, e.g. from being lost in the urine (proteinuria) or from malnutrition, there will be a reduction in o ...
How viruses damage cells: alterations in plasma
... action of calmodulin inhibitors is not as specific as previously thought (Landry et al., 1981; Corps et al., 1982; Gomperts, 1984). Hence it is premature to draw any conclusions other than that Ca2+ protects cells against virally-induced permeability changes, and that detergents and drugs that happe ...
... action of calmodulin inhibitors is not as specific as previously thought (Landry et al., 1981; Corps et al., 1982; Gomperts, 1984). Hence it is premature to draw any conclusions other than that Ca2+ protects cells against virally-induced permeability changes, and that detergents and drugs that happe ...
Cell Division
... Chromosomes The genetic information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next is carried by chromosomes. Every cell must copy its genetic information before cell division begins. Each daughter cell gets its own copy of that genetic information. Cells of every organism have a specifi ...
... Chromosomes The genetic information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next is carried by chromosomes. Every cell must copy its genetic information before cell division begins. Each daughter cell gets its own copy of that genetic information. Cells of every organism have a specifi ...
Mutational analysis of the early f orespore/mother
... transduce it to the catalytic domain inside the cell. The N-terminal end of SpoIIGA, predicted to contain only 6 or 7 aa, stands out by the conservation of some of these residues (Y4, D6, V7) in the SpoIIGA homologue found in the sporulating bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum (Wong et al., 1995). ...
... transduce it to the catalytic domain inside the cell. The N-terminal end of SpoIIGA, predicted to contain only 6 or 7 aa, stands out by the conservation of some of these residues (Y4, D6, V7) in the SpoIIGA homologue found in the sporulating bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum (Wong et al., 1995). ...
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Cell membranes are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, ion conductivity and cell signalling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall, glycocalyx, and intracellular cytoskeleton. Cell membranes can be artificially reassembled.