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Unit C2: Scheme of Work
... (c) Tension: Tie a string to the book: pull it and the book moves. Explain the change in motion via tension in the string. Strings can never push, and must be taut to pull. N3L: “if A exerts a force on B, B exerts an equal force in the opposite direction on A”. For the book on the table, consider th ...
... (c) Tension: Tie a string to the book: pull it and the book moves. Explain the change in motion via tension in the string. Strings can never push, and must be taut to pull. N3L: “if A exerts a force on B, B exerts an equal force in the opposite direction on A”. For the book on the table, consider th ...
Chapter_7
... - Can be thought of as stored energy that can either do work or be converted to kinetic energy. - When work gets done on an object, its potential and/or kinetic energy increases. ...
... - Can be thought of as stored energy that can either do work or be converted to kinetic energy. - When work gets done on an object, its potential and/or kinetic energy increases. ...
356 Angular Kinetics
... However -- since the body is piked Ilower body is very large compared to upper body so the corresponding rotation is ...
... However -- since the body is piked Ilower body is very large compared to upper body so the corresponding rotation is ...
Chapter 15– Oscillations
... • (a) The motion repeats every 0.500 s so the period must be T = 0.500 s. • (b) The frequency is the reciprocal of the period: • f = 1/T = 1/(0.500 s) = 2.00 Hz. • (c) The angular frequency ω is ω = 2πf = 2π(2.00 Hz) = 12.6 rad/s. • (d) The angular frequency is related to the spring constant k and t ...
... • (a) The motion repeats every 0.500 s so the period must be T = 0.500 s. • (b) The frequency is the reciprocal of the period: • f = 1/T = 1/(0.500 s) = 2.00 Hz. • (c) The angular frequency ω is ω = 2πf = 2π(2.00 Hz) = 12.6 rad/s. • (d) The angular frequency is related to the spring constant k and t ...
Relativistic angular momentum
""Angular momentum tensor"" redirects to here.In physics, relativistic angular momentum refers to the mathematical formalisms and physical concepts that define angular momentum in special relativity (SR) and general relativity (GR). The relativistic quantity is subtly different from the three-dimensional quantity in classical mechanics.Angular momentum is a dynamical quantity derived from position and momentum, and is important; angular momentum is a measure of an object's ""amount of rotational motion"" and resistance to stop rotating. Also, in the same way momentum conservation corresponds to translational symmetry, angular momentum conservation corresponds to rotational symmetry – the connection between symmetries and conservation laws is made by Noether's theorem. While these concepts were originally discovered in classical mechanics – they are also true and significant in special and general relativity. In terms of abstract algebra; the invariance of angular momentum, four-momentum, and other symmetries in spacetime, are described by the Poincaré group and Lorentz group.Physical quantities which remain separate in classical physics are naturally combined in SR and GR by enforcing the postulates of relativity, an appealing characteristic. Most notably; space and time coordinates combine into the four-position, and energy and momentum combine into the four-momentum. These four-vectors depend on the frame of reference used, and change under Lorentz transformations to other inertial frames or accelerated frames.Relativistic angular momentum is less obvious. The classical definition of angular momentum is the cross product of position x with momentum p to obtain a pseudovector x×p, or alternatively as the exterior product to obtain a second order antisymmetric tensor x∧p. What does this combine with, if anything? There is another vector quantity not often discussed – it is the time-varying moment of mass (not the moment of inertia) related to the boost of the centre of mass of the system, and this combines with the classical angular momentum to form an antisymmetric tensor of second order. For rotating mass–energy distributions (such as gyroscopes, planets, stars, and black holes) instead of point-like particles, the angular momentum tensor is expressed in terms of the stress–energy tensor of the rotating object.In special relativity alone, in the rest frame of a spinning object; there is an intrinsic angular momentum analogous to the ""spin"" in quantum mechanics and relativistic quantum mechanics, although for an extended body rather than a point particle. In relativistic quantum mechanics, elementary particles have spin and this is an additional contribution to the orbital angular momentum operator, yielding the total angular momentum tensor operator. In any case, the intrinsic ""spin"" addition to the orbital angular momentum of an object can be expressed in terms of the Pauli–Lubanski pseudovector.