• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
PowerPoint 演示文稿
PowerPoint 演示文稿

... insertion or a deletion changes the entire protein sequence following the site of mutation. But the combination of an insertion and a deletion causes the code to be read in the incorrect frame only between the two sites of mutation; correct reading resumes after the second site. ...
GLUCOGENIC & KETOGENIC AMINO ACIDS
GLUCOGENIC & KETOGENIC AMINO ACIDS

... isoleucine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and tyrosine give rise to both glucose and fatty acid precursors and are thus characterized as being glucogenic and ketogenic. ...
chapter 5 the structure and function of macromolecules
chapter 5 the structure and function of macromolecules

... It is the order of amino acids that determines the three-dimensional structure of the protein under normal cellular conditions. ...
Classical Biotechnology File
Classical Biotechnology File

... lubricant and process to yield products other than ethanol. preservative for rubber, and the organic portion of some widely used explosives and medications ) • Acetone • Butanol ...
When Is a Genome Project Finished?
When Is a Genome Project Finished?

... 8. Which of the following best explains why a genome project is not finished when the sequence has been completed? Genomes change too fast and must constantly be updated. Individuals within a species are so unique that having a single sequence is insufficient to characterize a species’ genome. Witho ...
Basic Concepts of Human Genetics
Basic Concepts of Human Genetics

... (1). The double DNA strands in each of the chromosomes split into two single-strands. A ...
Transcript Template
Transcript Template

... vitamin B6; biotin, which is vitamin B7; folic acid or folate, which is vitamin B9; cyanocobalamin, which is vitamin B12. Some B vitamins are commonly referred to by name, such as thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, and folic acid or folate. Others are commonly referred to by thei ...
Changes in DNA
Changes in DNA

... proteins are often relatively unimportant to function. However, often nonsense mutations result in completely non-functional proteins. 4. Sense mutations are the opposite of nonsense mutations. Here, a stop codon is converted into an amino acid codon. Since DNA outside of protein-coding regions cont ...
Latinos take on bigger role in Obama inauguration
Latinos take on bigger role in Obama inauguration

... lowest-energy shape. Any other shape would be unstable. Because a protein’s lowest20 energy shape is determined by its primary structure, its active shape is determined by its primary structure. Scientist 2 The active shape of a protein is dependent upon its primary structure. However, a protein’s a ...
Scientists Say They`ve Found a Code Beyond Genetics in DNA
Scientists Say They`ve Found a Code Beyond Genetics in DNA

... controlled. The nucleosome is made up of proteins known as histones, which are among the most highly conserved in evolution, meaning that they change very little from one species to another. A histone of peas and cows differs in just 2 of its 102 amino acid units. The conservation is usually attribu ...
7.5 Proteins - HS Biology IB
7.5 Proteins - HS Biology IB

... tertiary structure refers to overall 3-D shape; conformation can determine function; tertiary structure determined by R-group interactions / ionic interactions / hydrophobic interactions / disulfide bridges / H-bonds; quaternary structure is only found in proteins formed from more than one polypepti ...
Basic Biochemistry Powerpoint
Basic Biochemistry Powerpoint

... other lipids and in organic solvents (alcohol, ether) or detergents • Most of the structure of lipids is non-polar • Formed almost exclusively of carbon and hydrogen atoms. • Contain C, H, and O, but the proportion of oxygen in lipids is less than in carbohydrates ...
Notes
Notes

... or egg cell, the altered gene would become part of the genetic makeup of the offspring ● the result could be:  a new trait (beneficial or harmful);  a protein that does not work correctly;  miscarriage ...
Reading - Science with Ms. Wang
Reading - Science with Ms. Wang

... Except for water, protein is the most abundant class of molecules in most living organisms. There are several types of proteins. Some of these include:  Structural – Examples of structural proteins include collagen, keratin, and glycoproteins. (Collagen holds tissues together; keratin gives strengt ...
NOTES: 13.3
NOTES: 13.3

... or egg cell, the altered gene would become part of the genetic makeup of the offspring ● the result could be:  a new trait (beneficial or harmful);  a protein that does not work correctly;  miscarriage ...
3. Related Pathways
3. Related Pathways

... Organisms are able to metabolize nutrients other than carbohydrates during times of starvation Once broken down, these monomers are able to feed into various parts of glycolysis or the Krebs cycle (Fig.1, p.117) ...
Probs 2 KEY 240 spr06
Probs 2 KEY 240 spr06

... Basically, the amino acid sequence of the protein. This phrase includes the covalent bonds in a polypeptide, and so it can be meant to include disulfide bonds. 6. What are the differences between parallel and antiparallel Β-sheets? Parallel beta sheets have strands that run in the same direction (bo ...
Lecture 6: Genome variation File
Lecture 6: Genome variation File

... • Genetic distance = the number of substitutions that have accumulated between two homologous sequences after they diverged from a common ancestor • First approximation: proportion of sites that are different between the two sequences – sometimes it is called the p-distance. ...
File
File

... have to look this on up 26. Compare trans unsaturated fats to unsaturated fats and explain why one is more healthy than the other. Phospholipids 27. Differentiate between a lipid and a phospholipid. 28. Where are phospholipids found in our body? Steroids ...
Non-Essential Amino Acids
Non-Essential Amino Acids

... The mechanism by which amino acids are absorbed is conceptually identical to that of monosaccharides. The lumenal plasma membrane of the absorptive cell bears at least four sodium-dependent amino acid transporters one each for acidic, basic, neutral and amino acids. These transporters bind amino aci ...
Learning Grid Cellular control
Learning Grid Cellular control

... amino acids? How many tRNA can bind to the ribosome at one time? What are UAA, UAC and UGA? What is ...
Title Page, Table of Contents and Background
Title Page, Table of Contents and Background

... anticodon on one end (complimentary to the codon on the mRNA molecule) and the attached amino acid specific for that codon. The ribosomal RNA catalyzes the formation of a peptide bond between the last amino acid added to the protein and the one newly arriving on the tRNA (Figure 9). A segment of DNA ...
Polypeptide Synthesis - Fairfax Senior High School
Polypeptide Synthesis - Fairfax Senior High School

...  Introns are cut out and exons are spliced together  Events occur in the cell  Introns: intervening sets of nucleotides (junk)  Exons: code for aa, because they are expressed  Once mRNA is processed, where do it go?  What happens to the mRNA molecule after processing ...
CHAPTER 20 - AMINO ACID METABOLISM Introduction Amino acid
CHAPTER 20 - AMINO ACID METABOLISM Introduction Amino acid

... Amino acid degradation also occurs as a result of normal protein turnover (see Table 201 for half-lives of some enzymes). Proteins, for example, can be damaged and must be replace. Also, controlling the levels (as well as the activities) of enzymes constitutes an important regulatory mechanism. Acco ...
Unit 5: Gene Expression and Mutation Genetics 2013
Unit 5: Gene Expression and Mutation Genetics 2013

... - _______________________ part secretes polypeptide hormones directly into the bloodstream  ___________________________________________________________________________ produces either endocrine or exocrine cells  If transcription factor pdx-1 is activated, some ____________________________________ ...
< 1 ... 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 ... 821 >

Genetic code



The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells. Biological decoding is accomplished by the ribosome, which links amino acids in an order specified by mRNA, using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.The code defines how sequences of these nucleotide triplets, called codons, specify which amino acid will be added next during protein synthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid. Because the vast majority of genes are encoded with exactly the same code (see the RNA codon table), this particular code is often referred to as the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code, though in fact some variant codes have evolved. For example, protein synthesis in human mitochondria relies on a genetic code that differs from the standard genetic code.While the genetic code determines the protein sequence for a given coding region, other genomic regions can influence when and where these proteins are produced.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report