E.coli
... Can we use this signal to deduce some more biological information ? We determined the most important metabolic networks in a (translationally biased) organism Can we determine genes belonging to minimal gene sets ? ...
... Can we use this signal to deduce some more biological information ? We determined the most important metabolic networks in a (translationally biased) organism Can we determine genes belonging to minimal gene sets ? ...
Systems Biology of Biological Nitrogen Fixation
... role in oxidative stress, however in symbiosis the mutant produced effective nodules and usual nitrogen fixation [18]. In this way, our results suggest the presence of two alternative defense mechanism against oxidative species. One of them prevailing in freeliving conditions, with catalase-peroxida ...
... role in oxidative stress, however in symbiosis the mutant produced effective nodules and usual nitrogen fixation [18]. In this way, our results suggest the presence of two alternative defense mechanism against oxidative species. One of them prevailing in freeliving conditions, with catalase-peroxida ...
genetic analyses of noninvasively collected feathers can provide
... estimation across a geographic range is vital for assessing the status of threatened and endangered species. Traditional estimates of size and abundance can be difficult to obtain for many species of birds, particularly birds of prey, because most species are highly mobile and individuals can be dif ...
... estimation across a geographic range is vital for assessing the status of threatened and endangered species. Traditional estimates of size and abundance can be difficult to obtain for many species of birds, particularly birds of prey, because most species are highly mobile and individuals can be dif ...
Nitrogen Balance With Sheep on Rations Containing Urea
... urea-N and ammonia-N of systemic blood following urea adm1n1atratlon (Dinnlng et al., MS.). It is evident, therefore, that ammonia formation sa one ot the predominating reactions taking place in the rumen of an1maJ8 fed urea. Consideration of the possibility that ammonia formed in the rumen contribu ...
... urea-N and ammonia-N of systemic blood following urea adm1n1atratlon (Dinnlng et al., MS.). It is evident, therefore, that ammonia formation sa one ot the predominating reactions taking place in the rumen of an1maJ8 fed urea. Consideration of the possibility that ammonia formed in the rumen contribu ...
Abiogenesis
... • Literally, the emergence of life from non-living origins • This is organic chemistry, not biological evolution • There are several competing ideas • Bottom line: we really don’t know how this happened yet • Yes, science has the guts to say “we don’t know”! © Colin Frayn, 2008 www.frayn.net ...
... • Literally, the emergence of life from non-living origins • This is organic chemistry, not biological evolution • There are several competing ideas • Bottom line: we really don’t know how this happened yet • Yes, science has the guts to say “we don’t know”! © Colin Frayn, 2008 www.frayn.net ...
The molecular epidemiology of iridovirus in Murray cod
... Iridoviruses have emerged over 20 years to cause epizootics in finfish and amphibians in many countries. They may have originated in tropical Asia and spread through trade in farmed food fish or ornamental fish, but this has been difficult to prove. Consequently, MCP, ATPase and other viral genes we ...
... Iridoviruses have emerged over 20 years to cause epizootics in finfish and amphibians in many countries. They may have originated in tropical Asia and spread through trade in farmed food fish or ornamental fish, but this has been difficult to prove. Consequently, MCP, ATPase and other viral genes we ...
The Amino Acid Sequence Contains Leucine-Rich
... many dialysis steps using various buffers before each chromatography. W e used only one buffer system through all chromatographies, and all the procedures can be easily done within 4 days. As to the yield, we can easily purify 200 pg of GPV from 10l2platelets. This high yield also seems to have an a ...
... many dialysis steps using various buffers before each chromatography. W e used only one buffer system through all chromatographies, and all the procedures can be easily done within 4 days. As to the yield, we can easily purify 200 pg of GPV from 10l2platelets. This high yield also seems to have an a ...
Using Computer Simulation to Understand Mutation
... the population size before selection. As an example, 1.6 GB of memory available for storing mutation identifiers translates into a maximum of 40,000 mutations in each of 10,000 individuals. Thus, Mendel is effectively an infinite sites model, in contrast with k-allele and stepwise models that both i ...
... the population size before selection. As an example, 1.6 GB of memory available for storing mutation identifiers translates into a maximum of 40,000 mutations in each of 10,000 individuals. Thus, Mendel is effectively an infinite sites model, in contrast with k-allele and stepwise models that both i ...
Applied Microbiolgy and Biotechnology
... The nucleotide sequence of the WT gene (GenBank accession number GU390533), encoding for an ORF of 482 residues, was compared with that of the mutant using the CLUSTAL W2 program (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ Tools/clustalw2/index.html). The alignment showed that the 186th nucleotide, downstream the start ...
... The nucleotide sequence of the WT gene (GenBank accession number GU390533), encoding for an ORF of 482 residues, was compared with that of the mutant using the CLUSTAL W2 program (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ Tools/clustalw2/index.html). The alignment showed that the 186th nucleotide, downstream the start ...
Amino Acids in Animal Nutrition
... to produce the quantity of meat, milk, fish and eggs demanded by European consumers. The availability of amino acids has allowed feeds to be produced using smaller quantities of protein rich raw materials allowing these limited scarce resources to be used more sparingly. Starting in the 1950’s with ...
... to produce the quantity of meat, milk, fish and eggs demanded by European consumers. The availability of amino acids has allowed feeds to be produced using smaller quantities of protein rich raw materials allowing these limited scarce resources to be used more sparingly. Starting in the 1950’s with ...
MORE ABOUT SOLUTIONS - Bio-Link
... Linear sequence of amino acids Peptide bonds hold amino acids together Beads on a string Peptide bonds are covalent ...
... Linear sequence of amino acids Peptide bonds hold amino acids together Beads on a string Peptide bonds are covalent ...
File
... • The metabolic changes on the first day of starvation are like those after an overnight fast. The low blood-sugar level leads to decreased secretion of insulin and increased secretion of glucagon. The dominant metabolic processes are the mobilization of triacylglycerols in adipose tissue and gluco ...
... • The metabolic changes on the first day of starvation are like those after an overnight fast. The low blood-sugar level leads to decreased secretion of insulin and increased secretion of glucagon. The dominant metabolic processes are the mobilization of triacylglycerols in adipose tissue and gluco ...
L-Serine, D- and L-proline and alanine as respiratory substrates of
... H. pylori has the genes dadA, ald and sdaB (Tomb et al., 1997), encoding enzymes that produce pyruvate and ammonia from D- and L-alanine and from L-serine, respectively. Thus, respiratory activities with these amino acids as substrates presumably occurred via pyruvate. We assayed pyruvateand ammonia ...
... H. pylori has the genes dadA, ald and sdaB (Tomb et al., 1997), encoding enzymes that produce pyruvate and ammonia from D- and L-alanine and from L-serine, respectively. Thus, respiratory activities with these amino acids as substrates presumably occurred via pyruvate. We assayed pyruvateand ammonia ...
Classification of pseudo pairs between nucleotide bases and amino
... Both uracil and thymine pair with Asn and Gln in two different geometries at their Watson–Crick edges. In both pseudo-pair geometries, the O atom of CONH2 makes a hydrogen bond with N3–H. On the other hand, the amino group NH2 can interact either with O2 or O4. However, no U-Gln pseudo pair with O2( ...
... Both uracil and thymine pair with Asn and Gln in two different geometries at their Watson–Crick edges. In both pseudo-pair geometries, the O atom of CONH2 makes a hydrogen bond with N3–H. On the other hand, the amino group NH2 can interact either with O2 or O4. However, no U-Gln pseudo pair with O2( ...
... The helix-sheet interaction is stabilized by the hydrophobic effect and van der Waals (2 pts) β-barrel: β-strands arranged in a barrel (3 pts), stabilized by mainchain hydrogen bonds (2pts) and to some extent van der Waals interactions between the sidechains (1 pt). 9. (12 pts) There are two entropy ...
transition metal complexes of amino acid and peptide derivatives
... systems, respectively. The outstanding stability of the latter binding mode and the high negative charge of the corresponding species suppress the metal ion coordination of the third amide function of Asp4. These findings are true for both copper(II) and nickel(II) ions. 1.3. γ-carboxylate group of ...
... systems, respectively. The outstanding stability of the latter binding mode and the high negative charge of the corresponding species suppress the metal ion coordination of the third amide function of Asp4. These findings are true for both copper(II) and nickel(II) ions. 1.3. γ-carboxylate group of ...
molecular dynamics studies on mammalian apometallothioneins
... isofoms, 9 are strongly similar, 4 are weakly similar and 5 are variable suggesting high homology between them. The sequence identity is above 80%, for the apo-MTs under the study. MD simulations MD simulations were performed individually on � and � domain as well as on complete protein (i.e. connec ...
... isofoms, 9 are strongly similar, 4 are weakly similar and 5 are variable suggesting high homology between them. The sequence identity is above 80%, for the apo-MTs under the study. MD simulations MD simulations were performed individually on � and � domain as well as on complete protein (i.e. connec ...
The molecular mechanisms of general anaesthesia: dissecting the
... mice were found to be insensitive to some of the effects of etomidate and propofol, that is, the hind limb withdrawal reflex (immobilization) was completely absent and the duration of the loss of righting reflex (hypnosis) was greatly reduced. In contrast, actions of the volatile anaesthetics enflur ...
... mice were found to be insensitive to some of the effects of etomidate and propofol, that is, the hind limb withdrawal reflex (immobilization) was completely absent and the duration of the loss of righting reflex (hypnosis) was greatly reduced. In contrast, actions of the volatile anaesthetics enflur ...
Zygorrhynchus moelleri
... The ability of intact unstarved cells to oxidize tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, acetate and glucose was examined. At high pH values (6.8) only glucose and acetate stimulated the rate of oxygen uptake (Table 1). When the p H value was lowered to about 3.4 all the intermediates tested were ox ...
... The ability of intact unstarved cells to oxidize tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, acetate and glucose was examined. At high pH values (6.8) only glucose and acetate stimulated the rate of oxygen uptake (Table 1). When the p H value was lowered to about 3.4 all the intermediates tested were ox ...
(pdf)
... to thousands of years, then depending upon the temperature, individual cells should persist long enough for the ...
... to thousands of years, then depending upon the temperature, individual cells should persist long enough for the ...
Canola Meal for Pig Feeding
... project work undertaken jointly by the Pork CRC and Australian Oilseeds Federation. This work was able to demonstrate that under typical processing conditions as used by GrainCorp Oilseeds, the effects of processing have a minimal impact upon meal quality. It is during more extreme or less controlle ...
... project work undertaken jointly by the Pork CRC and Australian Oilseeds Federation. This work was able to demonstrate that under typical processing conditions as used by GrainCorp Oilseeds, the effects of processing have a minimal impact upon meal quality. It is during more extreme or less controlle ...
Estimates of DNA and Protein Sequence Divergence: An
... it is well known that mutational “hot spots” exist in many genes. These create a large amount of variability in the mutation rate among sites. The possibility that such variation may affect estimates of divergence has been recognized since the initial study of restriction patterns by Upholt (1977; s ...
... it is well known that mutational “hot spots” exist in many genes. These create a large amount of variability in the mutation rate among sites. The possibility that such variation may affect estimates of divergence has been recognized since the initial study of restriction patterns by Upholt (1977; s ...
Survey of Conserved Alternative Splicing Events
... motif (RRM) and at least one intron in the RRM-encoded region. We found that the conserved AS events occurred in these introns and, in each case, the conserved AS events resulted in mature mRNAs encoding proteins with incomplete RRMs. To search for the evolutionary origin of these AS events, we anal ...
... motif (RRM) and at least one intron in the RRM-encoded region. We found that the conserved AS events occurred in these introns and, in each case, the conserved AS events resulted in mature mRNAs encoding proteins with incomplete RRMs. To search for the evolutionary origin of these AS events, we anal ...
History and Function
... structure of a protein containing an isoaspartyl residue, derived from deamidation of an asparagine residue (Asn 67) 3) NMR spectroscopy in elaborating both protein structure and protein folding pathways. ...
... structure of a protein containing an isoaspartyl residue, derived from deamidation of an asparagine residue (Asn 67) 3) NMR spectroscopy in elaborating both protein structure and protein folding pathways. ...
Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells. Biological decoding is accomplished by the ribosome, which links amino acids in an order specified by mRNA, using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.The code defines how sequences of these nucleotide triplets, called codons, specify which amino acid will be added next during protein synthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid. Because the vast majority of genes are encoded with exactly the same code (see the RNA codon table), this particular code is often referred to as the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code, though in fact some variant codes have evolved. For example, protein synthesis in human mitochondria relies on a genetic code that differs from the standard genetic code.While the genetic code determines the protein sequence for a given coding region, other genomic regions can influence when and where these proteins are produced.