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PowerPoint
PowerPoint

... Basin) Mile-high cliffs (Discovery Scarp) Early shrinkage of crust  no geological activity at present Interior is solid to a significant depth Density comparable to Earth’s, but weak magnetic field - Iron core, few silicates in crust - Cataclysmic impact early in history? ...
a survey for outer satellites of mars: limits to
a survey for outer satellites of mars: limits to

... a dynamical perspective, appear to have originated not far from their current positions, because it is hard to produce orbits like those of the known Martian satellites by capture. On the other hand, the physical properties of Phobos and Deimos resemble those of C-type asteroids, most of which are f ...
Week 2
Week 2

... has life of some kind, (c) a planet that may or may not have life, but has environmental conditions under which is seems that life could arise or survive. 17. If we sent one of our current spacecraft to a nearby star (besides the Sun), the trip would take about (a) a decade, (b) 100 years, (c) 100,0 ...
Search for Life in the Universe
Search for Life in the Universe

... • Life just under the surface: e.g., Mars with possible life a few hundred meters under the surface • Life deep underground: e.g., Europa, Ganymede, Callisto • Liquid other than water: e.g., Titan • Tidal heating: Energy source is a planet, not the star  any distance from star • Brown dwarfs – Mass ...
1 Excerpts from James Lovelock`s Gaia: A New Look at Life on Earth
1 Excerpts from James Lovelock`s Gaia: A New Look at Life on Earth

... Union had launched the first artificial satellite, Sputnik. To receive an official invitation to join in the first exploration of the Moon was a legitimization and recognition of my private world of fantasy. My childhood reading had moved on that well known path from Grimm's Fairy Tales through Alic ...
problems  - Villanova University
problems - Villanova University

... 100. Methane can be found in notable traces in the Martian atmosphere. What are the two possibilities for the origin of this methane and why is this relevant to the question of life on Mars? 101. Why do we believe that the meteorite ALH84001 found in Antarctica originated from Mars and how can we te ...
Editorial Introduction: Planetary geosciences, the Dutch contribution
Editorial Introduction: Planetary geosciences, the Dutch contribution

... geosciences, in conjunction with remote sensing analyses, therefore relies on the use of landscapes on Earth that resemble those on Mars. This analogy is frequently based on either comparable formative conditions (tectonic, geologic or geomorphic) or comparable environmental conditions affecting the ...
The JJMO Mars Parallax Project
The JJMO Mars Parallax Project

... readings, and are good to within about 1-2 sec. we believe. We will now make these measurements while recording the Canadian standard time station CSU (or the US station WWV) and should obtain ¼ sec. precision in this way. Experimentation is also being done to determine if our calibration techniques ...
1 Marsbugs: The Electronic Astrobiology Newsletter, Volume 12
1 Marsbugs: The Electronic Astrobiology Newsletter, Volume 12

... confirm that hot Jupiters are indeed hot. Upcoming Spitzer observations using a range of infrared wavelengths are expected to provide more information about the planets' winds and atmospheric compositions. The findings also reawaken a mystery that some astronomers had laid to rest. Planet HD 209458b ...
Planet motion, geocentric, heliocentric pictures
Planet motion, geocentric, heliocentric pictures

... motion changed! This westward motion is referred to as retrograde motion (``normal'' eastward motion is termed prograde motion). In order to account for these oddities, astronomers had to modify their early Earth-centered model. 1. Table 1 gives the celestial positions of Mars at two different times ...
ASTR 150 Challenge #3
ASTR 150 Challenge #3

... motion changed! This westward motion is referred to as retrograde motion (“normal” eastward motion is termed prograde motion). In order to account for these oddities, astronomers had to modify their early Earth-centered model. 1. Table 1 gives the celestial positions of Mars at two different times d ...
Document
Document

... What is special about Earth? • Earth’s oceans and moderate temperatures provided the ideal conditions for life to emerge and flourish. • Organisms that produced food and oxygen by photosynthesis appeared about 3.5 billion years ago, followed by more complex life forms. • It is thought that between 5 ...
Chapter 20
Chapter 20

... Still, many astronomers think that since it is not difficult to form complex molecules, primitive life may well have arisen not only on the Earth but also in other locations. The appearance of very simple organisms in Earth rocks that are 3.5 billion years old, and indirect evidence for life as far ...
Chapter 27 Lab Activity Retrograde Motion of Mars
Chapter 27 Lab Activity Retrograde Motion of Mars

... ascension is celestial longitude. It is marked off in units called hours and minutes. The starting point for right ascension is the point at which the sun crosses the celestial equator on the spring equinox; right ascension is measured eastward from this point. The right ascension and declination of ...
Sep 2012 - Bays Mountain Park
Sep 2012 - Bays Mountain Park

... A few years ago, I handed out flyers in the neighborhood for an observing session in my yard. It was a night that featured a first quarter Moon and a couple of bright planets. For kids to reach the eyepiece of my scope I got out a smallish stepladder. This worked OK but was far from perfect. The kid ...
Comets and the Solar System Practical Astronomy: 16 September
Comets and the Solar System Practical Astronomy: 16 September

... Near maximum evening elongation NOW Max on 22nd September About 15-18 degrees up at 7pm Phases like Venus Very small disk (6 arcsrc) but the phase is visible if the atmosphere is steady enough • Conjunction with Spica 20 & 21 Sept ...
Comets and the Solar System Practical Astronomy: 16 September
Comets and the Solar System Practical Astronomy: 16 September

... Near maximum evening elongation NOW Max on 22nd September About 15-18 degrees up at 7pm Phases like Venus Very small disk (6 arcsrc) but the phase is visible if the atmosphere is steady enough • Conjunction with Spica 20 & 21 Sept ...
Question 1
Question 1

... Question 3 The possibility of life once existing on Mars was supported by the discovery of a) mudflows and bodies of liquid water existing in the past. b) water, rather than dry ice, at the south polar cap. c) the spectral signature of chlorophyll. d) the face on Mars. e) volcanoes that are still a ...
all Solar System objects have the same composition
all Solar System objects have the same composition

... thermal history OR  fragments of planetary bodies ...
JUNE - Carnegie Science Center
JUNE - Carnegie Science Center

... planets will appear extremely close to each other, 30 minutes after sunset, and just 5 degrees above the western horizon. One clenched fist held out toward the horizon equals about 10 degrees. Distinctly brighter Venus will be shining at a dazzling -3.9 magnitude, while Jupiter will be sparkling at ...
Gravity: Motivation • An initial theory describing the nature of the
Gravity: Motivation • An initial theory describing the nature of the

... processed paper describing the session’s video and celestial objects observed with the telescope(s) no later than one week after the particular session you attended. The actual amount of extra credit received will be based upon your grade on the paper. ...
Clear Skies - Cowichan Valley Starfinders Society
Clear Skies - Cowichan Valley Starfinders Society

... and photographed. Instead, astronomers must look for the planet's effect on its star. ...
Earth, Moon and Mars - International Space Science Institute
Earth, Moon and Mars - International Space Science Institute

... Initially, the tidal forces between Earth and Moon were more than a thousand times stronger than they are today, causing significant heating of the Moon and enormous tides on Earth. These tidal forces led to a transfer of angular momentum from the rotation of Earth and Moon to the orbital motion of ...
Lec21_2D
Lec21_2D

... Mercury and Titan are both low-mass bodies. But …  Mercury is close to the Sun, so it is hot. Its gravity is not strong enough to keep its gases from escaping into space.  Titan is in the outer solar system and is cold. The molecules are moving slowly, so the moon can hang onto its atmosphere (exc ...
PowerPoint on Brief History of Astronomy
PowerPoint on Brief History of Astronomy

... • Can you think of any Irish evidence to show that ancient civilizations made observations of the movements of stars and planets? these observations were sometimes used by the ancients for Astrology. ...
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Interplanetary contamination

Interplanetary contamination refers to biological contamination of a planetary body by a space probe or spacecraft, either deliberate or unintentional.There are two types of interplanetary contamination:Forward contamination is the transfer of life and other forms of contamination from Earth to another celestial body. Back contamination is the introduction of extraterrestrial organisms and other forms of contamination into Earth's biosphere, it also covers infection of humans and human habitats in space and on other celestial bodies by extraterrestrial organisms, if such exist.The main focus is on microbial life and on potentially invasive species. Non biological forms of contamination have also been considered including e.g. contamination of sensitive deposits (such as lunar polar ice deposits) of scientific interest by rocket exhausts. In the case of back contamination, multicellular life is thought unlikely but not been ruled out, and in case of forward contamination, then again, forward contamination by multicellular life (e.g. lichens) becomes a consideration in human missions, though unlikely for robotic missions.Current space missions are governed by the Outer Space Treaty and the COSPAR guidelines for planetary protection. Forward contamination is prevented primarily by sterilizing the spacecraft. In the case of backward contamination, however, the aim of the mission is to return biological material to Earth if such exists, and sterilization of the samples would make them of much less interest. So back contamination would be prevented mainly by containment, and breaking the chain of contact between the planet and Earth. It would also require quarantine procedures for the materials and for anyone who comes into contact with them.
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