Major Histocompatibility Complex I Mediates Immunological
... paternal antigens and express no BoLA at all (Figure 2) [10, 36]. Giant cells help to stabilize pregnancy by secreting bovine placenta lactogen, which influences ovarian and placental steroidogenesis and alters maternal metabolism to support fetal growth and development [39]. In cows, nonclassical B ...
... paternal antigens and express no BoLA at all (Figure 2) [10, 36]. Giant cells help to stabilize pregnancy by secreting bovine placenta lactogen, which influences ovarian and placental steroidogenesis and alters maternal metabolism to support fetal growth and development [39]. In cows, nonclassical B ...
Commentary Fas and the Art of Lymphocyte Maintenance By
... The molecular nature of the Fas defects found in the hypereosinophihc patients in the Simon et al. study was unclear but apparently differed from that observed in ALPS (6, 25, 26). The authors found no germline Fas gene alterations and concluded that somatic mutations could account for the abnormal ...
... The molecular nature of the Fas defects found in the hypereosinophihc patients in the Simon et al. study was unclear but apparently differed from that observed in ALPS (6, 25, 26). The authors found no germline Fas gene alterations and concluded that somatic mutations could account for the abnormal ...
Characterization of novel natural killer (NK)–cell and γδT
... in obtaining the 2 cell lines and in maintaining 2 other cells for over 1 month. Therefore, we believe that the technique described here will be generally useful for establishing cell lines from more cases of nasal T/NK-cell lymphomas. The establishment of tumor cell lines appears to have advantages ...
... in obtaining the 2 cell lines and in maintaining 2 other cells for over 1 month. Therefore, we believe that the technique described here will be generally useful for establishing cell lines from more cases of nasal T/NK-cell lymphomas. The establishment of tumor cell lines appears to have advantages ...
The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy
... antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that regulate the T cell response to antigen (which is mediated by peptide– major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule complexes that are recognized by the T cell receptor (TCR)). These responses can occur at the initiation of T cell responses in lymph nodes (whe ...
... antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that regulate the T cell response to antigen (which is mediated by peptide– major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule complexes that are recognized by the T cell receptor (TCR)). These responses can occur at the initiation of T cell responses in lymph nodes (whe ...
T cell receptor-transgenic mouse models for studying cellular
... To avoid the toxic e¡ects of full-length ovalbumin on Salmonella, only a 25mer peptide was expressed that contains the class II-restricted epitope recognized by the Do11.10 TCR [18]. To obtain an antigen that can be quanti¢ed in situ, this epitope was fused to the GFP detectable by confocal microsco ...
... To avoid the toxic e¡ects of full-length ovalbumin on Salmonella, only a 25mer peptide was expressed that contains the class II-restricted epitope recognized by the Do11.10 TCR [18]. To obtain an antigen that can be quanti¢ed in situ, this epitope was fused to the GFP detectable by confocal microsco ...
Biol 520_NS_Presenation_March 9 - Cal State LA
... Allergies: are caused by an immune response to a normally harmless substance – Immune response is damaging rather than helpful to the host – Immediate responses ...
... Allergies: are caused by an immune response to a normally harmless substance – Immune response is damaging rather than helpful to the host – Immediate responses ...
hybridoma technology for production of monoclonal antibodies
... Such monoclonal antibodies, as they are known, have opened remarkable new approaches to preventing, diagnosing, and treating disease. Monoclonal antibodies are used, for instance, to distinguish subsets of B cells and T cells. This knowledge is helpful not only for basic research but also for identi ...
... Such monoclonal antibodies, as they are known, have opened remarkable new approaches to preventing, diagnosing, and treating disease. Monoclonal antibodies are used, for instance, to distinguish subsets of B cells and T cells. This knowledge is helpful not only for basic research but also for identi ...
Trogocytic intercellular membrane exchanges among hematological
... cell responses, T cell and NK cell ongoing proliferation [20-22], and dendritic cell maturation [23,24]. Recent studies have also shown that HLA-G is capable of inducing the differentiation of regulatory T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which can then inhibit immune responses themselves ...
... cell responses, T cell and NK cell ongoing proliferation [20-22], and dendritic cell maturation [23,24]. Recent studies have also shown that HLA-G is capable of inducing the differentiation of regulatory T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which can then inhibit immune responses themselves ...
A functional DC cross talk promotes human ILC homeostasis in
... effectors, including innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), natural killer (NK) T cells, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, and/or gdT cells, in HIS mice remains suboptimal. ILCs comprise a recently identified family of immune effector cells that share many functional characteristics with CD41 T helper ce ...
... effectors, including innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), natural killer (NK) T cells, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, and/or gdT cells, in HIS mice remains suboptimal. ILCs comprise a recently identified family of immune effector cells that share many functional characteristics with CD41 T helper ce ...
Training Handout - Science Olympiad
... • Calcium, mainly released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), functions as the excitationcontraction coupler in cardiac muscle, as in skeletal muscle, by combining with troponin. o The major signal for calcium release from the SR is calcium entering through voltage-gated calcium channels in the p ...
... • Calcium, mainly released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), functions as the excitationcontraction coupler in cardiac muscle, as in skeletal muscle, by combining with troponin. o The major signal for calcium release from the SR is calcium entering through voltage-gated calcium channels in the p ...
Natural killer cell receptors: new biology and
... ligands, MHC class I molecules (HLA), on the surface of the target tumor cell, thereby initiating an inhibitory signal. Activating receptors (eg, activating KIR, CD94/NKG2C, NKG2D) bind ligands on the target cell surface and trigger NK cell activation and target cell lysis. (A) When inhibitory recep ...
... ligands, MHC class I molecules (HLA), on the surface of the target tumor cell, thereby initiating an inhibitory signal. Activating receptors (eg, activating KIR, CD94/NKG2C, NKG2D) bind ligands on the target cell surface and trigger NK cell activation and target cell lysis. (A) When inhibitory recep ...
Facts and Concepts
... Functions of the major parts of the eye: Sclera or Scleroid Layer – (white of eye) a tough protective layer of connective tissue that helps maintain the shape of the eye and provides an attachment for the muscles that move the eye Cornea - the clear, dome-shaped part of the sclera covering the front ...
... Functions of the major parts of the eye: Sclera or Scleroid Layer – (white of eye) a tough protective layer of connective tissue that helps maintain the shape of the eye and provides an attachment for the muscles that move the eye Cornea - the clear, dome-shaped part of the sclera covering the front ...
Autoimmune Disorders: an Overview of Molecular and Cellular
... Autoimmune diseases are pathophysiological states that result from a loss of self-tolerance and the consequent immune destruction of host tissues. Autoimmunity is mediated by a variety of molecular and cellular events, and responses. The development of an autoimmune disease is a very complex process ...
... Autoimmune diseases are pathophysiological states that result from a loss of self-tolerance and the consequent immune destruction of host tissues. Autoimmunity is mediated by a variety of molecular and cellular events, and responses. The development of an autoimmune disease is a very complex process ...
R Cryptococcus potent negative immunomodulator, inspiring new approaches in anti-inflammatory immunotherapy
... apoptosis [33,34] was mainly mediated via recognition of GalXM by CD7 and CD43 in human T cells [32,33] , while in the Jurkat and T‑cell lymphoma (BW5147) cell lines it was primarily mediated by its interaction with CD45 [33,34] . The molecular events ensuing after GalXM/ CD45 association include t ...
... apoptosis [33,34] was mainly mediated via recognition of GalXM by CD7 and CD43 in human T cells [32,33] , while in the Jurkat and T‑cell lymphoma (BW5147) cell lines it was primarily mediated by its interaction with CD45 [33,34] . The molecular events ensuing after GalXM/ CD45 association include t ...
Waldenstrom`s Macroglobulinemia Basic Immunology
... another important group of phagocytes. They are short-lived, however, and constitute the majority of the leukocytes found in the blood. They are very reactive, multiply very quickly (hence the high ...
... another important group of phagocytes. They are short-lived, however, and constitute the majority of the leukocytes found in the blood. They are very reactive, multiply very quickly (hence the high ...
Analysis of tumour infiltrating leukocytes in colon cancer
... non-specific reaction to a foreign object and is caused by activation of defence mechanisms (non-specific). When the body detects aberrant cells it responds with an immune reaction activating immune cells to destroy or diminish the foreign object. In colon cancer this defence mechanism can be displa ...
... non-specific reaction to a foreign object and is caused by activation of defence mechanisms (non-specific). When the body detects aberrant cells it responds with an immune reaction activating immune cells to destroy or diminish the foreign object. In colon cancer this defence mechanism can be displa ...
Sample Syllabus - Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
... the Course Content folder). The online reviews are intended to test your breadth and depth of understanding of the various topics covered in the course. However, they are not intended to represent a thorough coverage of the material, but only as examples of what you might find on examinations and ...
... the Course Content folder). The online reviews are intended to test your breadth and depth of understanding of the various topics covered in the course. However, they are not intended to represent a thorough coverage of the material, but only as examples of what you might find on examinations and ...
dynamics of cell populations in lymph node during primary immune
... memory. The role of paracortical areas in the initiation of "true" primary response was discussed in the light of current theories on the cell-to-cell interaction as well as the relationship between humoral and cell-mediated immune response. This led to postulation that the par acortical hyperplasia ...
... memory. The role of paracortical areas in the initiation of "true" primary response was discussed in the light of current theories on the cell-to-cell interaction as well as the relationship between humoral and cell-mediated immune response. This led to postulation that the par acortical hyperplasia ...
Arachidonic-acid-derived eicosanoids: roles in biology and
... (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs), are signalling molecules that are generated primarily through an oxidative pathway from arachidonic acid (AA) (Figure 1) but also from pathways originating from eicosapentaenoic and dihomo-g-linolenic acids [1–3]. AA-derived eicosanoids exert complex control over a wide ran ...
... (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs), are signalling molecules that are generated primarily through an oxidative pathway from arachidonic acid (AA) (Figure 1) but also from pathways originating from eicosapentaenoic and dihomo-g-linolenic acids [1–3]. AA-derived eicosanoids exert complex control over a wide ran ...
Heba Rasmy Mohamed Abdel-Baset_chapter 3 HLA 28-09
... Figure (10): Schematic representation of MHC class I (Donadi et al., 2000). Class I molecules are expressed on almost all nucleated cells. Their most important function is to present peptide fragments predominantly derived from endogenous, cytosolic proteins to CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (Undlien ...
... Figure (10): Schematic representation of MHC class I (Donadi et al., 2000). Class I molecules are expressed on almost all nucleated cells. Their most important function is to present peptide fragments predominantly derived from endogenous, cytosolic proteins to CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (Undlien ...
Development of CD8+ T cells expressing two distinct receptors
... depletion of activated CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) effector cells and impaired maturation and activity of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte cells (CTLs) associated with significant reductions in interferon-gamma (IFN-c) and tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) production [3–5]. These impairments to CTL activity rep ...
... depletion of activated CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) effector cells and impaired maturation and activity of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte cells (CTLs) associated with significant reductions in interferon-gamma (IFN-c) and tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) production [3–5]. These impairments to CTL activity rep ...
ch_12_lecture_presentation
... 2 Immunocompetent but still naive lymphocytes leave the thymus and bone marrow. They “seed” the lymph nodes, spleen, and other lymphoid tissues, where they encounter their antigen and become activated. ...
... 2 Immunocompetent but still naive lymphocytes leave the thymus and bone marrow. They “seed” the lymph nodes, spleen, and other lymphoid tissues, where they encounter their antigen and become activated. ...
Bordetella pertussis
... Tracheal cytotoxin (TCT) and lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS) synergistically evoke ciliary damage by initiating the release of destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as nitric oxide (NO) via interleukin 1 (IL-1) induced type II nitric oxide synthases (inducible NOS, or iNOS) activation in mucus- ...
... Tracheal cytotoxin (TCT) and lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS) synergistically evoke ciliary damage by initiating the release of destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as nitric oxide (NO) via interleukin 1 (IL-1) induced type II nitric oxide synthases (inducible NOS, or iNOS) activation in mucus- ...
T cell
T cells or T lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte (in turn, a type of white blood cell) that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They can be distinguished from other lymphocytes, such as B cells and natural killer cells (NK cells), by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on the cell surface. They are called T cells because they mature in the thymus (although some also mature in the tonsils). The several subsets of T cells each have a distinct function. The majority of human T cells rearrange their alpha/beta T cell receptors and are termed alpha beta T cells and are part of adaptive immune system. Specialized gamma delta T cells, which comprise a minority of T cells in the human body (more frequent in ruminants), have invariant TCR (with limited diversity), can effectively present antigens to other T cells and are considered to be part of the innate immune system.