AQA AS Level Biology Unit 1 Why do we calculate ratios or
... What are the building blocks for proteins? amino acids Structure of amino acid? central carbon, carboxyl group to the right (COOH), amine group to the left (NH2), hydrogen above and R group below How do amino acids differ? have different R groups e.g. glycine has a hydrogen in its R group – simples ...
... What are the building blocks for proteins? amino acids Structure of amino acid? central carbon, carboxyl group to the right (COOH), amine group to the left (NH2), hydrogen above and R group below How do amino acids differ? have different R groups e.g. glycine has a hydrogen in its R group – simples ...
Microbial nutrition
... carbon , oxygen , hydrogen, nitrogen , sulfur , phosphorus , potassium , calcium, magnesium and iron are called macro elements because they are required in large amounts as components of carbohydrate , lipid , protein , nucleic acids synthesis. 2- Microorganisms require several micronutrients like m ...
... carbon , oxygen , hydrogen, nitrogen , sulfur , phosphorus , potassium , calcium, magnesium and iron are called macro elements because they are required in large amounts as components of carbohydrate , lipid , protein , nucleic acids synthesis. 2- Microorganisms require several micronutrients like m ...
Microbial nutrition
... carbon , oxygen , hydrogen, nitrogen , sulfur , phosphorus , potassium , calcium, magnesium and iron are called macro elements because they are required in large amounts as components of carbohydrate , lipid , protein , nucleic acids synthesis. 2- Microorganisms require several micronutrients like m ...
... carbon , oxygen , hydrogen, nitrogen , sulfur , phosphorus , potassium , calcium, magnesium and iron are called macro elements because they are required in large amounts as components of carbohydrate , lipid , protein , nucleic acids synthesis. 2- Microorganisms require several micronutrients like m ...
(iPS) Cells - (iCeMS), Kyoto University
... an embryo and grown in culture. In contrast, iPS cells are generated from somatic cells. They can be made by introducing a set of factors, such as the genes (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) used in the first generation of iPS cells, into somatic cells, such as skin cells. After a few weeks of culture, so ...
... an embryo and grown in culture. In contrast, iPS cells are generated from somatic cells. They can be made by introducing a set of factors, such as the genes (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) used in the first generation of iPS cells, into somatic cells, such as skin cells. After a few weeks of culture, so ...
Atomistic modeling of the structural components of the
... Actuality Blood-brain barrier, which is a barrage system between the brain and blood vessels, plays a key role in the "isolation" of the brain of unnecessary information, and reduce the "noise" in the interneuron communication. It is known that the barrier function of the BBB strictly depends on th ...
... Actuality Blood-brain barrier, which is a barrage system between the brain and blood vessels, plays a key role in the "isolation" of the brain of unnecessary information, and reduce the "noise" in the interneuron communication. It is known that the barrier function of the BBB strictly depends on th ...
DESKTOP YARN MITOSIS/MEIOSIS SET UP AHEAD OF TIME: Cut
... Walk students through the phases of mitosis and have them move the yarn pieces on their desks as each step is discussed. After they have practiced all the phases, quiz them by naming different phases and have them create them on their desks. Activity can be repeated when learning about meiosis so st ...
... Walk students through the phases of mitosis and have them move the yarn pieces on their desks as each step is discussed. After they have practiced all the phases, quiz them by naming different phases and have them create them on their desks. Activity can be repeated when learning about meiosis so st ...
Table of Contents - Milan Area Schools
... Lipids: Water-Insoluble Molecules • Phospholipids have two hydrophobic fatty acid tails and one hydrophilic phosphate group attached to the glycerol. • As a result, phospholipids orient themselves so that the phosphate group faces water and the tail faces away. • In aqueous environments, these lipid ...
... Lipids: Water-Insoluble Molecules • Phospholipids have two hydrophobic fatty acid tails and one hydrophilic phosphate group attached to the glycerol. • As a result, phospholipids orient themselves so that the phosphate group faces water and the tail faces away. • In aqueous environments, these lipid ...
Document
... Structural changes between inward- and outward-facing conformations Abramson et al. (2003) Science 301, 610-615 ...
... Structural changes between inward- and outward-facing conformations Abramson et al. (2003) Science 301, 610-615 ...
BIO 101: Transcription and Translation
... Intron (non-coding sequences) are cut out by spliceosomes. Leaving only Exons (Coding sequences) making up the mRNA that leaves the nucleus. Alternative splicing patterns means one gene can make more than one protein ...
... Intron (non-coding sequences) are cut out by spliceosomes. Leaving only Exons (Coding sequences) making up the mRNA that leaves the nucleus. Alternative splicing patterns means one gene can make more than one protein ...
Supplementary Data 1 (doc 752K)
... provided by Dr. Christopher G. Proud (University of Manchester). For MNK1 over-expression studies, BT474 cells were seeded on day 0, transfected with empty vector (EV) or MNK1 on day 1, re-seeded in replicates on day 2, treated with drug (trastuzumab, BI-D1870, or both) on day 3, and end point measu ...
... provided by Dr. Christopher G. Proud (University of Manchester). For MNK1 over-expression studies, BT474 cells were seeded on day 0, transfected with empty vector (EV) or MNK1 on day 1, re-seeded in replicates on day 2, treated with drug (trastuzumab, BI-D1870, or both) on day 3, and end point measu ...
7-2 Science Support Document
... Previous/Future knowledge: In 5th grade (5-2.1), students recalled that the smallest unit of life was the cell and identified its major structures (including cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and vacuole). In 6th grade (6-2.1), students summarized the characteristics that all organisms share (inclu ...
... Previous/Future knowledge: In 5th grade (5-2.1), students recalled that the smallest unit of life was the cell and identified its major structures (including cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and vacuole). In 6th grade (6-2.1), students summarized the characteristics that all organisms share (inclu ...
Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction
... One parent No sex cells Offspring produced by cell division Offspring identical to parent (same DNA) ...
... One parent No sex cells Offspring produced by cell division Offspring identical to parent (same DNA) ...
A new timepiece: an epigenetic mitotic clock | Genome Biology | Full
... First, the stem cell division rates applied in this work are derived from those presented in Tomasetti and Vogelstein [6]. While this is reasonable, as Tomasetti and Vogelstein indicate in their work [6] there is room for improvement in the estimates they present. In addition, the current model is t ...
... First, the stem cell division rates applied in this work are derived from those presented in Tomasetti and Vogelstein [6]. While this is reasonable, as Tomasetti and Vogelstein indicate in their work [6] there is room for improvement in the estimates they present. In addition, the current model is t ...
Omnipresent and multifunctional – amino acids in
... mainly collagen and today mostly of vegetable or silk proteins. Interesting substances too are their condensates with longer chained fatty acids (proteinhydrolysate condensates). They have excellent skin caring effects. ...
... mainly collagen and today mostly of vegetable or silk proteins. Interesting substances too are their condensates with longer chained fatty acids (proteinhydrolysate condensates). They have excellent skin caring effects. ...
The Cell The cells of eukaryotes (left) and prokaryotes (right) The
... The cytoskeleton acts to organize and maintain the cell's shape; anchors organelles in place; helps during endocytosis, the uptake of external materials by a cell, and cytokinesis, the separation of daughter cells after cell division; and moves parts of the cell in processes of growth and mobility. ...
... The cytoskeleton acts to organize and maintain the cell's shape; anchors organelles in place; helps during endocytosis, the uptake of external materials by a cell, and cytokinesis, the separation of daughter cells after cell division; and moves parts of the cell in processes of growth and mobility. ...
WIMM PI Curriculum Vitae Personal Data Name Tudor Alexandru
... clinical trials for a variety of human diseases. For example, the antiviral drug miRavirsen, designed to recognize and sequester the liver-expressed miR-122, showed unprecedented efficacy in Phase 2a clinical trials against Hepatitis C infection. Similarly, MRX34 (a mimic of the tumor suppressor miR ...
... clinical trials for a variety of human diseases. For example, the antiviral drug miRavirsen, designed to recognize and sequester the liver-expressed miR-122, showed unprecedented efficacy in Phase 2a clinical trials against Hepatitis C infection. Similarly, MRX34 (a mimic of the tumor suppressor miR ...
Semliki Forest virus-based DNA expression vector
... recombinant DNA molecules reaching the nucleus. Consequently, only a limited number of transcripts can be generated. To increase expression levels, several selfamplifying systems of gene transfer have been developed. Some of these self-amplifying systems use RNA genomes of alphaviruses, such as Sind ...
... recombinant DNA molecules reaching the nucleus. Consequently, only a limited number of transcripts can be generated. To increase expression levels, several selfamplifying systems of gene transfer have been developed. Some of these self-amplifying systems use RNA genomes of alphaviruses, such as Sind ...
and Trp cage
... 1. How do single-site mutations affect polypeptide structure? If we change specific amino acids, then detectable Structural and Functional alterations will occur. 2. Can we predict general ligand-receptor interactions from structural comparisons, models, and MSA’s? If residues are conserved in the r ...
... 1. How do single-site mutations affect polypeptide structure? If we change specific amino acids, then detectable Structural and Functional alterations will occur. 2. Can we predict general ligand-receptor interactions from structural comparisons, models, and MSA’s? If residues are conserved in the r ...
Document
... The functions necessary for life are undertaken by proteins. Protein function is mediated by protein three-dimensional structure. A vast number of computational methodologies have been developed for the analysis and modelling of the sequences and structures of naturally occurring proteins. We can ha ...
... The functions necessary for life are undertaken by proteins. Protein function is mediated by protein three-dimensional structure. A vast number of computational methodologies have been developed for the analysis and modelling of the sequences and structures of naturally occurring proteins. We can ha ...
The HLA System - UCLA Department of Pathology
... — which ensure that the polypeptides do not fold prematurely, that they are properly glycosylated, that the a chain meets beta2-microglobulin at the appropriate time, and that when this moment comes, the union proceeds without a hitch. A class I molecule is then pinioned by the TAP-binding protein t ...
... — which ensure that the polypeptides do not fold prematurely, that they are properly glycosylated, that the a chain meets beta2-microglobulin at the appropriate time, and that when this moment comes, the union proceeds without a hitch. A class I molecule is then pinioned by the TAP-binding protein t ...
The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
... cycle at which they bind Cdks and function. Three of these classes are required in all eucaryotic cells: 1. G1/S-cyclins bind Cdks at the end of G1 and commit the cell to DNA replication. 2. S-cyclins bind Cdks during S phase and are required for the initiation of DNA replication. 3. M-cyclins promo ...
... cycle at which they bind Cdks and function. Three of these classes are required in all eucaryotic cells: 1. G1/S-cyclins bind Cdks at the end of G1 and commit the cell to DNA replication. 2. S-cyclins bind Cdks during S phase and are required for the initiation of DNA replication. 3. M-cyclins promo ...
Trends in Biotechnology
... create double-stranded DNA from RNA template, so that the DNA can integrate into the host cell’s genome. It needs to infect actively dividing cells. Adenovirus — a double-stranded DNA virus that can infect many types of host cells with high efficiency, with a low chance for causing disease. It does ...
... create double-stranded DNA from RNA template, so that the DNA can integrate into the host cell’s genome. It needs to infect actively dividing cells. Adenovirus — a double-stranded DNA virus that can infect many types of host cells with high efficiency, with a low chance for causing disease. It does ...
Sturgeon-AP Biology 2016-17
... A. Distinguish between atoms and elements and list the six elements that compose over 90% of living matter. B. Name the subatomic particles and relate the atom’s structure to its chemical properties. C. Describe electron orbital configuration and how it affects an element’s reactivity. D. Name the t ...
... A. Distinguish between atoms and elements and list the six elements that compose over 90% of living matter. B. Name the subatomic particles and relate the atom’s structure to its chemical properties. C. Describe electron orbital configuration and how it affects an element’s reactivity. D. Name the t ...
Cell-penetrating peptide
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that facilitate cellular uptake of various molecular cargo (from nanosize particles to small chemical molecules and large fragments of DNA). The ""cargo"" is associated with the peptides either through chemical linkage via covalent bonds or through non-covalent interactions. The function of the CPPs are to deliver the cargo into cells, a process that commonly occurs through endocytosis with the cargo delivered to the endosomes of living mammalian cells.CPPs hold great potential as in vitro and in vivo delivery vectors for use in research and medicine. Current use is limited by a lack of cell specificity in CPP-mediated cargo delivery and insufficient understanding of the modes of their uptake.CPPs typically have an amino acid composition that either contains a high relative abundance of positively charged amino acids such as lysine or arginine or has sequences that contain an alternating pattern of polar/charged amino acids and non-polar, hydrophobic amino acids. These two types of structures are referred to as polycationic or amphipathic, respectively. A third class of CPPs are the hydrophobic peptides, containing only apolar residues, with low net chargeor have hydrophobic amino acid groups that are crucial for cellular uptake.The first CPP was discovered independently by two laboratories in 1988, when it was found that the trans-activating transcriptional activator (TAT) from human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) could be efficiently taken up from the surrounding media by numerous cell types in culture. Since then, the number of known CPPs has expanded considerably and small molecule synthetic analogues with more effective protein transduction properties have been generated.