Epigenetics and Inheritance
... base pairing across from each other in the double-stranded DNA). Methylation of the DNA causes the DNA to condense and genes within the condensed DNA cannot be expressed since they have no access to the various enzymes involved in transcription of DNA. The methyl groups can be removed from the DNA w ...
... base pairing across from each other in the double-stranded DNA). Methylation of the DNA causes the DNA to condense and genes within the condensed DNA cannot be expressed since they have no access to the various enzymes involved in transcription of DNA. The methyl groups can be removed from the DNA w ...
Introduction to DNA Microarrays
... – Requires a new set of masks for each new array type Intro to gene chips - 4 ...
... – Requires a new set of masks for each new array type Intro to gene chips - 4 ...
Molecular Systematics
... • What happens when an antibody specific for a protein from one organism is mixed with the same protein from a different organism? ...
... • What happens when an antibody specific for a protein from one organism is mixed with the same protein from a different organism? ...
Electrically Mediated Plasmid DNA Delivery to Hepatocellular
... Figure 1 Enhancement of plasmid DNA delivery to rat hepatocellular carcinomas as determined by luciferase expression. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were placed in an induction chamber charged with 5% isoflurane in O2. After anesthetization, rats were fitted with a standard rodent mask and kept under gene ...
... Figure 1 Enhancement of plasmid DNA delivery to rat hepatocellular carcinomas as determined by luciferase expression. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were placed in an induction chamber charged with 5% isoflurane in O2. After anesthetization, rats were fitted with a standard rodent mask and kept under gene ...
Expression Profiling of Fixed and Unfixed Tissue - Sigma
... OmniPlex library synthesis followed by library amplification. To make the library, isolated RNA from fixed or unfixed tissue is first annealed to a nonself complementary primer comprised of a quasi random 3' end and a universal 5' end. The primer is extended by polymerase, displacing a single strand ...
... OmniPlex library synthesis followed by library amplification. To make the library, isolated RNA from fixed or unfixed tissue is first annealed to a nonself complementary primer comprised of a quasi random 3' end and a universal 5' end. The primer is extended by polymerase, displacing a single strand ...
3. Metabolism - Professor Monzir Abdel
... site on the enzyme as the substrate, but binds so tightly that it is effectively not released. Thus, the binding site is permanently blocked. May also occur when an inhibitor binds tightly (sometimes covalently) to a different site on the enzyme than the active site. This can result in conformationa ...
... site on the enzyme as the substrate, but binds so tightly that it is effectively not released. Thus, the binding site is permanently blocked. May also occur when an inhibitor binds tightly (sometimes covalently) to a different site on the enzyme than the active site. This can result in conformationa ...
BIOLOGY (Theory) 57/2 SECTION – A 1. Name the two gases
... Passive Immunity- When ready made antibodies are directly given to protect the body against foreign agent /antigen protein ...
... Passive Immunity- When ready made antibodies are directly given to protect the body against foreign agent /antigen protein ...
58 - Lab Times
... 1998 on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions), which has been implemented into Dutch patent law, states that, “the protection conferred by a patent on a product containing or consisting of genetic information shall extend to all material ... in which the product is incorporated and in ...
... 1998 on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions), which has been implemented into Dutch patent law, states that, “the protection conferred by a patent on a product containing or consisting of genetic information shall extend to all material ... in which the product is incorporated and in ...
Question Paper Code 57/3
... The replication begins in definite regions which are called the origin of replication , Replication occurs within a small opening of the DNA referred to as Y shaped replication fork (uncoiling of DNA is by some enzymes eg Helicase and topoisomerase), Polymerisation of the nucleotides are catalysed b ...
... The replication begins in definite regions which are called the origin of replication , Replication occurs within a small opening of the DNA referred to as Y shaped replication fork (uncoiling of DNA is by some enzymes eg Helicase and topoisomerase), Polymerisation of the nucleotides are catalysed b ...
Gene7-10
... activating transcription. 4. The ability of the repressor protein to bind to its operator is regulated by a small molecule. ...
... activating transcription. 4. The ability of the repressor protein to bind to its operator is regulated by a small molecule. ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿 - Xiamen University
... polymerize the nucleotides, which reach the polymerase active site before the antibiotic. Once the first phosphodiester bond forms, the polymerase is resistant to rifampicin inhibition until it reinitiates. Thus, transcription occurs under these conditions, demonstrating that CAP and cAMP facilitate ...
... polymerize the nucleotides, which reach the polymerase active site before the antibiotic. Once the first phosphodiester bond forms, the polymerase is resistant to rifampicin inhibition until it reinitiates. Thus, transcription occurs under these conditions, demonstrating that CAP and cAMP facilitate ...
AP & Regents Biology
... PCR to amplify the amount of genomic DNA before testing once you have a PCR-amplified DNA fragment of a gene, a restriction enzyme may be able to distinguish between alleles ...
... PCR to amplify the amount of genomic DNA before testing once you have a PCR-amplified DNA fragment of a gene, a restriction enzyme may be able to distinguish between alleles ...
Problem Set 2 (multiple choice) Biochemistry 3300 1. What classes
... b) This reaction is sometimes referred to as an anaplerotic reaction in that it “refills” the citric acid cycle when intermediates have been removed for biosynthesis. c) The enzyme that catalyzes this metabolic conversion is activated by high concentrations of ATP. d) This reaction is an oxidative d ...
... b) This reaction is sometimes referred to as an anaplerotic reaction in that it “refills” the citric acid cycle when intermediates have been removed for biosynthesis. c) The enzyme that catalyzes this metabolic conversion is activated by high concentrations of ATP. d) This reaction is an oxidative d ...
11.2 Meiosis
... 2. Skipping Replication a. Only one replication of DNA but two divisions II. Meiosis I A. Prophase I 1. Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope disappears, & crossing over occurs B. Metaphase I 1. Chromosomes moved to equator by spindle fibers. 2. Two chromatids remain together 3. Independent assortm ...
... 2. Skipping Replication a. Only one replication of DNA but two divisions II. Meiosis I A. Prophase I 1. Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope disappears, & crossing over occurs B. Metaphase I 1. Chromosomes moved to equator by spindle fibers. 2. Two chromatids remain together 3. Independent assortm ...
Lesson Overview
... sugar in RNA is ribose instead of deoxyribose, (2) RNA is generally singlestranded and not double-stranded, and (3) RNA contains uracil in place of thymine. ...
... sugar in RNA is ribose instead of deoxyribose, (2) RNA is generally singlestranded and not double-stranded, and (3) RNA contains uracil in place of thymine. ...
factors_effecting_en..
... fastest. For most enzymes this is about pH 7-8 (physiological pH of most cells), but a few enzymes can work at extreme pH, such as protease enzymes in animal stomachs, which have an optimum of pH 1 The pH affects the charge of the amino acids at the active site, so the properties of the active site ...
... fastest. For most enzymes this is about pH 7-8 (physiological pH of most cells), but a few enzymes can work at extreme pH, such as protease enzymes in animal stomachs, which have an optimum of pH 1 The pH affects the charge of the amino acids at the active site, so the properties of the active site ...
lecture - Haloarchaea
... Gene Direction ori A preference for genes to be on ONE strand of the replichore, so that the direction of transcription and replication are the same. This bias may have other implications. Dr M. D-S, 2007 ...
... Gene Direction ori A preference for genes to be on ONE strand of the replichore, so that the direction of transcription and replication are the same. This bias may have other implications. Dr M. D-S, 2007 ...
Chapter 3 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College
... • DNA polymerase synthesizes both new strands at one time (one leading and one lagging strand) ...
... • DNA polymerase synthesizes both new strands at one time (one leading and one lagging strand) ...
Gel Electrophoresis - Integrated DNA Technologies
... Polyacrylamide gel is the result of polymerizing acrylamide monomers into long chains and then cross-linking the chains with a bifunctional compound. A number of these bifunctional cross-linkering compounds are known including ethylene diacrylate, N,N’bisacrylycystamine (BAC), and N,N’-diallyltartar ...
... Polyacrylamide gel is the result of polymerizing acrylamide monomers into long chains and then cross-linking the chains with a bifunctional compound. A number of these bifunctional cross-linkering compounds are known including ethylene diacrylate, N,N’bisacrylycystamine (BAC), and N,N’-diallyltartar ...
The relative rates of synthesis of DNA, sRNA and rRNA in the
... F. Determination of relative rates of synthesis Determination of absolute rates of synthesis using incorporation of labelled precursor demands a knowledge of the specific activity of the immediate precursor pool. We have not been able to estimate this in parts of embryos because it would be hard to ...
... F. Determination of relative rates of synthesis Determination of absolute rates of synthesis using incorporation of labelled precursor demands a knowledge of the specific activity of the immediate precursor pool. We have not been able to estimate this in parts of embryos because it would be hard to ...
Unusual C-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA
... polymerases II analysed so far (Table 1, Figure 5). We noticed that the crithidial C-terminal domain is 79 amino acids shorter than the Cterminal domain of T.brucei (Table 1 and Figure 5). This suggests that part of this domain is not essential for in vivo RNA polymerase II transcription. This was c ...
... polymerases II analysed so far (Table 1, Figure 5). We noticed that the crithidial C-terminal domain is 79 amino acids shorter than the Cterminal domain of T.brucei (Table 1 and Figure 5). This suggests that part of this domain is not essential for in vivo RNA polymerase II transcription. This was c ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.