delivery of proteins using biodegradable polymers
... manufactured by biotechnology methods, with the products having biological sources, usually involving live organisms or their active components • Biopharmaceuticals are protein or nucleic acid based pharmaceuticals (substance used for therapeutic or in vivo diagnostic purpose), which are produced by ...
... manufactured by biotechnology methods, with the products having biological sources, usually involving live organisms or their active components • Biopharmaceuticals are protein or nucleic acid based pharmaceuticals (substance used for therapeutic or in vivo diagnostic purpose), which are produced by ...
A 1-Megadalton Translocation Complex Containing
... intact Toc159, 86- and 52-kD fragments of Toc159, and Tic22. An asterisk denotes a nonspecific cross-reacting band. (C) A gel strip corresponding to lane 1 (without protease) of (A) was subjected to 2D-BN/SDS-PAGE. (D) A gel strip corresponding to lane 3 (with thermolysin) of (A) was analyzed as in ...
... intact Toc159, 86- and 52-kD fragments of Toc159, and Tic22. An asterisk denotes a nonspecific cross-reacting band. (C) A gel strip corresponding to lane 1 (without protease) of (A) was subjected to 2D-BN/SDS-PAGE. (D) A gel strip corresponding to lane 3 (with thermolysin) of (A) was analyzed as in ...
Amino acid composition of kolomikta actinidia
... preformed amino acids required by mammals (Shimomura et al., 2004). In kolomikta actinidia fruits the amount of BCAA varied from 7.82 to 9.13 g kg-1 and composed 15.73–20.87% of TAA. This value makes only half of the recommended rate, but is three times higher than in kiwifruits which accumulate onl ...
... preformed amino acids required by mammals (Shimomura et al., 2004). In kolomikta actinidia fruits the amount of BCAA varied from 7.82 to 9.13 g kg-1 and composed 15.73–20.87% of TAA. This value makes only half of the recommended rate, but is three times higher than in kiwifruits which accumulate onl ...
The HSP90-SGT1 Chaperone Complex for NLR
... the NB-ARC unit (Figure 1). The corresponding unit in vertebrate NLR proteins is called NACHT (domain present in NAIP, CIITA, HET-E, and TP1) (56). The NB-ARC and NACHT domains have ATPase activity and are thought to function as a switch for conformational changes (59, 116). Indeed, the crystal stru ...
... the NB-ARC unit (Figure 1). The corresponding unit in vertebrate NLR proteins is called NACHT (domain present in NAIP, CIITA, HET-E, and TP1) (56). The NB-ARC and NACHT domains have ATPase activity and are thought to function as a switch for conformational changes (59, 116). Indeed, the crystal stru ...
Formation of a highly peptide-receptive state of class II MHC.
... detergent-solubilized class II molecules from B cell lines. These studies found that antigenic peptides bind to purified class II molecules to form stable complexes, but that this binding is very slow (kon ≈ 1–100 M21 s21) (Buus et al., 1986; Roche and Cresswell, 1990; Roof et al., 1990). It was lat ...
... detergent-solubilized class II molecules from B cell lines. These studies found that antigenic peptides bind to purified class II molecules to form stable complexes, but that this binding is very slow (kon ≈ 1–100 M21 s21) (Buus et al., 1986; Roche and Cresswell, 1990; Roof et al., 1990). It was lat ...
Chapter 10 Enzymes - Angelo State University
... • The turnover number is the number of molecules of substrate acted on by one molecule of the enzyme per minute. – Carbonic anhydrase is one of the highest at 36 million molecules per minute. ...
... • The turnover number is the number of molecules of substrate acted on by one molecule of the enzyme per minute. – Carbonic anhydrase is one of the highest at 36 million molecules per minute. ...
Phytochemistry
... enhanced their susceptibility to agglutination by the Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins (glyco- extract (HA titre with neuraminidise treated cells 256), as occurs with many other lectins ( [2, 3], see also [7] ). proteins) of nonimmune origin with no enzymatic activity The Amaranthus extract ...
... enhanced their susceptibility to agglutination by the Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins (glyco- extract (HA titre with neuraminidise treated cells 256), as occurs with many other lectins ( [2, 3], see also [7] ). proteins) of nonimmune origin with no enzymatic activity The Amaranthus extract ...
Bio9A Quiz 1 Study Guide
... 2. Rough ER has ribosomes. Proteins made and translocated into the lumen. 3. Smooth ER has no ribosomes. Used for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and detoxification. 4. Buds vesicles to Golgi. ii. Golgi Complex – “post office” (Fig 4.11) 1. Sorts incoming proteins and lipids 2. Receives at cis and ...
... 2. Rough ER has ribosomes. Proteins made and translocated into the lumen. 3. Smooth ER has no ribosomes. Used for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and detoxification. 4. Buds vesicles to Golgi. ii. Golgi Complex – “post office” (Fig 4.11) 1. Sorts incoming proteins and lipids 2. Receives at cis and ...
N-Glycans
... during protein synthesis as proteins are being translocated into the ER. Following transfer of the 14-sugar Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 glycan to protein, glucosidases in the ER remove the three glucose residues, and ER mannosidase removes a mannose residue. These reactions are intimately associated with the fo ...
... during protein synthesis as proteins are being translocated into the ER. Following transfer of the 14-sugar Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 glycan to protein, glucosidases in the ER remove the three glucose residues, and ER mannosidase removes a mannose residue. These reactions are intimately associated with the fo ...
+ Enzyme Inhibitors
... cytochrome C oxidase, an enzyme in the electron transport chain in the cell. It therefore inhibits ATP production and cellular respiration. ...
... cytochrome C oxidase, an enzyme in the electron transport chain in the cell. It therefore inhibits ATP production and cellular respiration. ...
Current Microbiology
... Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a major plant growth hormone of the auxin class, has been found to be produced by numerous organisms including of plants, bacteria, fungi, and algae. The identification of IAA intermediates demonstrated five different pathways of IAA biosynthesis in bacteria [15]. Many re ...
... Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a major plant growth hormone of the auxin class, has been found to be produced by numerous organisms including of plants, bacteria, fungi, and algae. The identification of IAA intermediates demonstrated five different pathways of IAA biosynthesis in bacteria [15]. Many re ...
The molecular basis of skeletal muscle atrophy
... known about the triggers or the molecular signaling events underlying this process. Decreases in protein synthesis and increases in protein degradation both have been shown to contribute to muscle protein loss due to disuse, and recent work has delineated elements of both synthetic and proteolytic p ...
... known about the triggers or the molecular signaling events underlying this process. Decreases in protein synthesis and increases in protein degradation both have been shown to contribute to muscle protein loss due to disuse, and recent work has delineated elements of both synthetic and proteolytic p ...
Access of the substrate to the active site of squalene and
... lipophilic channel of OSCs to reject the squalene nonepoxide before entrance into the active-site cavity, or does the rejection occur after entrance? Several findings suggest that selection occurs outside the active site. For instance, if an extended conformation is required for the substrate to pas ...
... lipophilic channel of OSCs to reject the squalene nonepoxide before entrance into the active-site cavity, or does the rejection occur after entrance? Several findings suggest that selection occurs outside the active site. For instance, if an extended conformation is required for the substrate to pas ...
UNIT- V - Bhoj University
... material is divided into different, linear molecules called chromosomes inside a discrete nucleus, usually with additional genetic material in some organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts. A human cell has genetic material contained in the cell nucleus (the nuclear genome) and in the mitochond ...
... material is divided into different, linear molecules called chromosomes inside a discrete nucleus, usually with additional genetic material in some organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts. A human cell has genetic material contained in the cell nucleus (the nuclear genome) and in the mitochond ...
Enzyme Optimum pH - Sir Sabir Hussain
... The reason behind this increase in rate of reaction is that heat provides activation energy and also supplies kinetic energy to the reacting molecules, causing them move rapidly due to which chances of their collision with each other increase However, further increase in heat also increases vibr ...
... The reason behind this increase in rate of reaction is that heat provides activation energy and also supplies kinetic energy to the reacting molecules, causing them move rapidly due to which chances of their collision with each other increase However, further increase in heat also increases vibr ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
... Table 1 shows the activities of TCA cycle enzymes (ICDH, α-KDH, SDH and MDH) and respiratory marker enzymes (NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome-c-oxidase) in cerebellar mitochondria of normal and experimental groups of rats. A significant (p<0.05) decline was noticed in activities of TCA cycle enzyme ...
... Table 1 shows the activities of TCA cycle enzymes (ICDH, α-KDH, SDH and MDH) and respiratory marker enzymes (NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome-c-oxidase) in cerebellar mitochondria of normal and experimental groups of rats. A significant (p<0.05) decline was noticed in activities of TCA cycle enzyme ...
Plant lipid transfer proteins - Evolution, expression and function Monika Edstam
... studied algae. This supports a role in defense response, since protection against dehydration, radiation, pathogens and other stresses played a crucial role when plants adapted to a life on land. Characterization of the nsLTPs in early diverging land plant revealed that even though the amino acid si ...
... studied algae. This supports a role in defense response, since protection against dehydration, radiation, pathogens and other stresses played a crucial role when plants adapted to a life on land. Characterization of the nsLTPs in early diverging land plant revealed that even though the amino acid si ...
Chemistry/Biology 302 – Biochemistry: Exam 1 Practice Problems
... • a pH meter • a top-loading balance • water, volumetric glassware, and other common lab resources. Please describe for me a way to make the buffer that you wrote about in parts (a) and (b). You need not provide quantitative measures; simple directions of the steps you'd need to follow will suffice. ...
... • a pH meter • a top-loading balance • water, volumetric glassware, and other common lab resources. Please describe for me a way to make the buffer that you wrote about in parts (a) and (b). You need not provide quantitative measures; simple directions of the steps you'd need to follow will suffice. ...
Classification of Enzymes
... Exercises • 7. Which of the following statements is false? a) A reaction may not occur at a detectable rate even though it has a favorable equilibrium. b) After a reaction, the enzyme involved becomes available to catalyze the reaction again. c) For S P, a catalyst shifts the reaction equilibrium t ...
... Exercises • 7. Which of the following statements is false? a) A reaction may not occur at a detectable rate even though it has a favorable equilibrium. b) After a reaction, the enzyme involved becomes available to catalyze the reaction again. c) For S P, a catalyst shifts the reaction equilibrium t ...
Model Description Sheet
... levels are low, the biosynthetic pathway of leucine is initiated by IPMS when three ligands; alpha-ketoisovaleric acid (alpha-KIV), acetyl-CoA which is not included in our model, and Zn2+ interact at IPMS’s active site. IPMS has two distinct structural domains: an N-terminal alpha/beta catalytic dom ...
... levels are low, the biosynthetic pathway of leucine is initiated by IPMS when three ligands; alpha-ketoisovaleric acid (alpha-KIV), acetyl-CoA which is not included in our model, and Zn2+ interact at IPMS’s active site. IPMS has two distinct structural domains: an N-terminal alpha/beta catalytic dom ...
campbell ch#3 only
... more detail in the Biochemical Connections box on page 80. It is also likely that many illegal psychedelic drugs, such as mescaline and psilocine, mimic and interfere with the effects of neurotransmitters. A recent Oscar-winning film, A Beautiful Mind, focused on the disturbing problems associated w ...
... more detail in the Biochemical Connections box on page 80. It is also likely that many illegal psychedelic drugs, such as mescaline and psilocine, mimic and interfere with the effects of neurotransmitters. A recent Oscar-winning film, A Beautiful Mind, focused on the disturbing problems associated w ...
Understanding Acid Lability of Cysteine Protecting Groups
... Abstract: Cys-disulfide bonds contribute to the stabilization of peptide and protein structures. The synthesis of these molecules requires a proper protection of Cys residues, which is crucial to prevent side-reactions and also to achieve the correct Cys connectivity. Here we undertook a mechanistic ...
... Abstract: Cys-disulfide bonds contribute to the stabilization of peptide and protein structures. The synthesis of these molecules requires a proper protection of Cys residues, which is crucial to prevent side-reactions and also to achieve the correct Cys connectivity. Here we undertook a mechanistic ...
A Personal Account of Chaperonin History
... structure, and we suggested that it might correspond to a molten globule, a term that was then fashionable but which I no longer consider very useful. We were lucky on two counts. First, we arbitrarily chose conditions for refolding that were non-permissive; i.e. no reconstitution of enzymatic activ ...
... structure, and we suggested that it might correspond to a molten globule, a term that was then fashionable but which I no longer consider very useful. We were lucky on two counts. First, we arbitrarily chose conditions for refolding that were non-permissive; i.e. no reconstitution of enzymatic activ ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.