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SPATIAL SYNCHRONY IN POPULATION DYNAMICS ∗ Andrew
SPATIAL SYNCHRONY IN POPULATION DYNAMICS ∗ Andrew

... processes, three mechanisms may cause synchrony: (a) dispersal among populations; (b) synchronous stochastic effects, often referred to as the “Moran effect”; and (c) trophic interactions with other species that are themselves either synchronized or mobile. As in many other ecological problems, link ...
SPATIAL SYNCHRONY IN POPULATION DYNAMICS∗ Andrew
SPATIAL SYNCHRONY IN POPULATION DYNAMICS∗ Andrew

... processes, three mechanisms may cause synchrony: (a) dispersal among populations; (b) synchronous stochastic effects, often referred to as the “Moran effect”; and (c) trophic interactions with other species that are themselves either synchronized or mobile. As in many other ecological problems, link ...
PDF
PDF

... One factor that may explain reduced sage grouse numbers is loss of suitable habitat (Aldridge and Brigham). Although dependent on the timing and intensity of grazing and other management variables, (inappropriate) livestock grazing has been implicated in much of the sage grouse habitat loss (Beck an ...
PDF
PDF

... “Sensitive” (Nevada Natural Heritage Program). Federal listing would require significant restrictions in land use and development, but BLM land managers in Nevada would prefer to continue with the current state action and avoid the extra costs that would otherwise result (Sonner). Before a judgment ...
The Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) in Norway: Exploring the
The Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) in Norway: Exploring the

... With its boldly patterned plumage, tufted black crown and impressive display flight, the Lapwing is an unmistakable bird in the agricultural landscape. Because of its attractive appearance and behavior the Lapwing is a popular bird among farmers, and across much of its range it’s known as a “harbing ...
Economic Valuation of Ecosystem Services Provided by Oyster Reefs
Economic Valuation of Ecosystem Services Provided by Oyster Reefs

... Lanier 1981, Rothschild et al. 1994). These resident invertebrates are consumed by juvenile fish and mobile crustaceans that use oyster reefs for foraging and refuge from predators, which leads directly and indirectly through the provision of forage species to an enhanced production of economically ...
Conservation of Wildlife Populations
Conservation of Wildlife Populations

... genetics, then move deeper into areas where ecological and genetic concepts and theory are applied. Because this is an applied book on population biology, it will not derive or prove theoretical premises, nor will it dwell on theory not directly applicable to management problems. There are already e ...
FOR THE SOUTHERN DESIGNATABLE UNIT
FOR THE SOUTHERN DESIGNATABLE UNIT

... been caught as deep as 250m in the Fundian Channel. They are more common in areas with complex bottom structure and vegetation. Juvenile cod feed on a wide variety of invertebrates and, as they grow, include fish in their diet. Seasonal movements associated with spawning occur and a number of spawni ...
Managing Rangelands to Benefit California Red
Managing Rangelands to Benefit California Red

... young frogs (“metamorphs,” frogs in the first few months after metamorphosis) soon move to the shallow waters of their birth ponds or other water bodies where they take cover from predators, including adult frogs. Adult frogs often remain year-round at perennial ponds with deep water, but some depar ...
Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia)
Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia)

... In Canada, the current (2004) minimum (known) population size is 795 individuals: 498 in Saskatchewan, 288 in Alberta, and 9 in British Columbia; this may underestimate the actual population by as much as 50%, so the population is likely between 800 and 1600 individuals. Only one pair has been confi ...
Contrast Between Solitary and Clonal Lifestyles in the Sea
Contrast Between Solitary and Clonal Lifestyles in the Sea

... co-occur, they occupy somewhat different microhabitats. The solitary form is more often found in the lower mid-intertidal in protected areas at the bases of boulders or in pockets and crevices, and it may extend into the subtidal. The clonal form, which is apparently more tolerant of wave buffeting, ...
7 The Water Column Plankton
7 The Water Column Plankton

... migrate downward to avoid higher surface temperatures during the day, which saves energy • Consistent with calculations of energy budget of a planktonic copepod, which would benefit from the vertical migration, relative to the cost of swimming and loss of feeding in the surface for part of the day • ...
Evolutionary Conservation Biology
Evolutionary Conservation Biology

... longer afford to ignore them. To tackle this challenge, currently disparate areas of conservation biology ought to be integrated into a unified framework. Bringing together conservation genetics, demography, and ecology, this book introduces evolutionary conservation biology as an integrative approa ...
What causes outbreaks of the gypsy moth in North America?
What causes outbreaks of the gypsy moth in North America?

... series contained a strong negative “spike” at lag(2). They concluded that this type of PACF is indicative of delayed density-dependent mortality, typically caused by a specialist natural enemy (e.g., a parasitoid) whose reproduction is tightly controlled by host abundance. The data shown in Fig. 2 a ...
What causes outbreaks of the gypsy moth in North America?
What causes outbreaks of the gypsy moth in North America?

... series contained a strong negative “spike” at lag(2). They concluded that this type of PACF is indicative of delayed density-dependent mortality, typically caused by a specialist natural enemy (e.g., a parasitoid) whose reproduction is tightly controlled by host abundance. The data shown in Fig. 2 a ...
Monster Listing Petition FINAL
Monster Listing Petition FINAL

... Francisco Hernandez first described the Heloderma genus in 1577. The genus name Heloderma derives from the Greek word helos, meaning “nail stud” and derma, meaning “skin.” Combined, they accurately describe the studded skin of the Gila Monster and Beaded Lizard. The species name suspectum originates ...
Cumbria Species and Habitats Statements
Cumbria Species and Habitats Statements

... consultation with local experts. The project has been led by Judy Palmer at Cumbria County Council. Stephen Hewitt of Tullie House Museum has drawn up the Key Species list for Cumbria. Matthew Grose has produced the distribution maps, spreadsheets and GIS layers for Priority Habitats and Key Species ...
Reversing the habitat fragmentation of British
Reversing the habitat fragmentation of British

... Britain’s native woodland is rightly described as a fragmented habitat. Originally, natural forests covered perhaps 85-90 per cent of the land, but by the 11th century, clearance had reduced them to 15 per cent in England. Today, the remnants – the ancient woods – cover no more than 1.4 per cent of ...
Differences in soft-sediment macrobenthic - Research Online
Differences in soft-sediment macrobenthic - Research Online

... taxifolia co-occurs primarily with the seagrass Halophila ovalis and unvegetated sediment. In ...
Bap Twite - Peak District National Park
Bap Twite - Peak District National Park

... recent severe population decline. Dependent on moorland for nesting and moorland fringe habitats for feeding, the twite is very vulnerable to habitat change. In England, the twite is restricted as a breeding species to the uplands of the South Pennines. Approximately a quarter of the South Pennine p ...
Report to SAZ - Durham University Community
Report to SAZ - Durham University Community

... Overall, densities of ungulates tend to be highest in coastal areas and lowest in the spruce-fir, montane forests. Red deer were the most abundant species (1.5 to 3.0 km-2 throughout SAZ), followed by roe deer (1 to 2.5 km-2). At present, sika deer occur only in the oak-dominated forests on the coas ...
definitions of harmful alteration, disruption or destruction (hadd)
definitions of harmful alteration, disruption or destruction (hadd)

... Size of the eelgrass bed may be important. Infaunal diversity and abundance were greater in a bed of 1,000 m2 area than in 1-200 m2 patches (Mills and Berkenbusch 2009). The impact of eelgrass bed size, or the disappearance of beds, is reduced when the habitat that replaces eelgrass is of equivalent ...
grouse news - Galliformes Specialist Group
grouse news - Galliformes Specialist Group

... the greatest expanse of alpine habitat on Vancouver Island. Model estimates of the area of suitable habitat varied from 370 to 1,039 km2 based on the field survey data and from 404 to 1,354 km2 based on the public data. All models had fair accuracy (kappa > 0.45) when tested on an independent datase ...
Prey and range use of lions on Tswalu Kalahari Reserve
Prey and range use of lions on Tswalu Kalahari Reserve

... were investigated. The study was conducted on a small (> 1000km2), enclosed predator camp of Tswalu Kalahari Reserve, situated in the Northern Cape Province of the Republic of South Africa. ...
The invasive Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in
The invasive Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in

... 2 The active and passive dispersal of Crassostrea gigas..................................................................................... 15 2.1 Distribution of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in Europe ............................................................. 15 2.2 Distribution of Cr ...
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Source–sink dynamics

Source–sink dynamics is a theoretical model used by ecologists to describe how variation in habitat quality may affect the population growth or decline of organisms.Since quality is likely to vary among patches of habitat, it is important to consider how a low quality patch might affect a population. In this model, organisms occupy two patches of habitat. One patch, the source, is a high quality habitat that on average allows the population to increase. The second patch, the sink, is very low quality habitat that, on its own, would not be able to support a population. However, if the excess of individuals produced in the source frequently moves to the sink, the sink population can persist indefinitely. Organisms are generally assumed to be able to distinguish between high and low quality habitat, and to prefer high quality habitat. However, ecological trap theory describes the reasons why organisms may actually prefer sink patches over source patches. Finally, the source-sink model implies that some habitat patches may be more important to the long-term survival of the population, and considering the presence of source-sink dynamics will help inform conservation decisions.
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