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Variability of species` roles in marine communities
Variability of species` roles in marine communities

... All explored indices provided useful but complementary information about species’ impacts on their communities, and the authors highlighted conditions under which each index can be most usefully applied. The CI and PCIS indices, for instance, perform best in experiments with community at or near equ ...
Mixed effects of habitat fragmentation on species richness and
Mixed effects of habitat fragmentation on species richness and

... 4. The shapes of rank–abundance curves were similar among the levels of fragmentation of a fixed area of island habitat, implying that fragmentation had little impact on community structure. Conversely, the species composition of non-predatory mites varied weakly, but significantly, by fragmentation ...
Black Rhino Dihybrid Cross
Black Rhino Dihybrid Cross

... medicinal value in traditional Asian cultures, and are sold illegally throughout the world. Among the fragmented populations of black rhinoceros, there have appeared two traits that enhance the survivability of individuals of the species. (That doesn’t improve the survivability of the species, unles ...
Bioinformatics Molecular Genetics
Bioinformatics Molecular Genetics

... locus (position) on a chromosome. In an organism which has two copies of each of its chromosomes (diploid organism), 2 alleles make up the individual's genotype. Very unlikely that variations within a single gene—or single genetic locus—fully determine one's genetic predisposition for obesity. Inter ...
The Hormonal and Genetic Basis for Caste Differentiation in Termites
The Hormonal and Genetic Basis for Caste Differentiation in Termites

... varied to the different JHs and juvenoids. This was true both within and between species. The different responses to the JHs were interesting because the two species are from the same genus, though distantly related, thus suggesting that response to a specific JH is not well conserved evolutionarily ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... From the case studies, we assessed the potential prospects for translocations and the most significant challenges facing the translocation success of each taxon. We distilled these potentials and pitfalls into a conservation translocation matrix (Table 2). Specifically, we examined three criteria: r ...
Estimating Site Occupancy for Four Threatened Mammals in
Estimating Site Occupancy for Four Threatened Mammals in

... 2011). Combined, habitat loss and poaching have forced mammals in the region to persist in small, isolated, and increasingly fragmented populations (Duckworth & Hedges 1998). To protect remaining large mammal populations in Indochina it is essential to establish baseline data that can be used to as ...
Counting the books while the library burns: why conservation
Counting the books while the library burns: why conservation

... in the park from 2008 to 2013, despite it being the most readily detected species of arboreal marsupial elsewhere in its range (Lindenmayer 2002). The reasons for the population collapse of the greater glider remain unclear. It may be a side-effect of widespread feral predator control leading to eit ...
Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and
Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and

... Biological control potential was estimated experimentally during the emergence of the first inflorescence of winter wheat (Östman, 2004). The experiment lasted 2 days and was repeated once within 8 days. In the morning of the first day, live pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) of the third or fourth inst ...
Molecular Ecosystems - University of Denver
Molecular Ecosystems - University of Denver

... inhabits only a portion of the territory.7 How can one individuate these subecosystems embedded within larger units? Note that the physiognomic approach might not be applicable. If the altitude of a mountain or the depth of a lake increase gradually, there will be no cut-off point to mark transition ...
Darwin`s Gala´ pagos finches in modern biology
Darwin`s Gala´ pagos finches in modern biology

... similar beak sizes showed less genetic differentiation than populations with different beak sizes. Moreover, G. fortis with the greatest divergence in beak size also showed the greatest divergence at neutral markers. This pattern is also similar for the interspecific comparisons among the ground fin ...
Predator Management- Here We Go Again?
Predator Management- Here We Go Again?

Darwin`s Gala´ pagos finches in modern biology
Darwin`s Gala´ pagos finches in modern biology

Research advances in theories and methods of community
Research advances in theories and methods of community

... Community assembly rule was firstly proposed by Diamond in 1975. He held that community assembly is the process that species in the regional species bank join the local community through the multiple-layer filtering of the environment and biological interactions (Diamond, 1975; Wang et al., 2014; Zh ...
Natural and Sexual Selection Giveth and Taketh Away Reproductive
Natural and Sexual Selection Giveth and Taketh Away Reproductive

... males from low-predation sites dispersing into highpredation sites may have increased mating success owing to their high color, provided females at these sites prefer colorful males. If these opposing effects are present, divergent selection on guppies might increase some reproductive barriers (e.g. ...
How many bird extinctions have we prevented?
How many bird extinctions have we prevented?

... To identify those species for which conservation may have prevented extinction during 1994–2004 we drew up a list of candidates by examining information on all 168 species classified as Critically Endangered in 1994, plus 73 species that would have qualified had current information been available th ...
Climate Change and Invasive Species
Climate Change and Invasive Species

... resource availability, predicted under climate change scenarios. Climate change will in many cases lead to a future of warmer temperatures, increased CO2 availability, and increased Nitrogen deposition from cars and agriculture (Bradley 2009a). This increase in resource availability allows species t ...
What is natural immunity?
What is natural immunity?

... • A major problem in MSA is the selection of an appropriate matrix for alignments consisting of divergent and closely related sequences • CLUSTAL W (weighted) assigns weights to a sequence dependent on how divergent it is from the two most closely related sequences • Adapts gap penalties and scoring ...
Meta-ecosystems: a theoretical framework for a spatial ecosystem
Meta-ecosystems: a theoretical framework for a spatial ecosystem

... landscape ecology, as it is usually defined. Last but not least, being a specific spatial level of hierarchical organization, a landscape can be studied from a number of different perspectives, including purely descriptive pattern-centred approaches that ignore spatial flows among component ecosyste ...
Predator Prey Agenda
Predator Prey Agenda

... Predator-prey systems have been linked to influencing community dynamics but these generalizations have been discovered using a wide range of species from arthropods to mammals. Although these generalizations are useful, there are some limitations. In this study, I hope to broaden our understanding ...
Ecosystems
Ecosystems

... directly than dissimilar organisms. Example: Populations of two species of squirrels compete more directly than a population of squirrels and a population of rabbits. 4. Symbiosis describes types of relationships or interactions between different species. One symbiotic relationship can be explained ...
studystuffs
studystuffs

... Many parasite caused diseases can result in the death of the host. How does this affect the parasitic organism, and why haven’t host and parasite co-evolved to prevent this? Often people speak of ‘vacant niches’ Discuss this idea. Is it appropriate use of the term? Discuss hypotheses that have been ...
8 Habitat matrix effects on the structure and dynamic
8 Habitat matrix effects on the structure and dynamic

... The number of individuals of each species was counted and the tadpoles were then returned to the pond. Predacious invertebrates, demonstrated in previous studies to prey on tadpoles, were identified (e.g. as in Woodward 1983; Travis et al. 1985; Cronin & Travis 1986), counted, and photographed with ...
Unit Checklist
Unit Checklist

Define the term trophic level. - science-b
Define the term trophic level. - science-b

... • People have introduced countless species to new areas. Some of these no-native species may become invasive if they do not encounter limiting factors on their population growth. • Invasive species such as the zebra mussel have altered the composition, structure, and function of communities. • We ca ...
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Molecular ecology

Molecular ecology is a field of evolutionary biology that is concerned with applying molecular population genetics, molecular phylogenetics, and more recently genomics to traditional ecological questions (e.g., species diagnosis, conservation and assessment of biodiversity, species-area relationships, and many questions in behavioral ecology). It is virtually synonymous with the field of ""Ecological Genetics"" as pioneered by Theodosius Dobzhansky, E. B. Ford, Godfrey M. Hewitt and others. These fields are united in their attempt to study genetic-based questions ""out in the field"" as opposed to the laboratory. Molecular ecology is related to the field of Conservation genetics.Methods frequently include using microsatellites to determine gene flow and hybridization between populations. The development of molecular ecology is also closely related to the use of DNA microarrays, which allows for the simultaneous analysis of the expression of thousands of different genes. Quantitative PCR may also be used to analyze gene expression as a result of changes in environmental conditions or different response by differently adapted individuals.
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