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Including species interactions in risk assessments for global change
Including species interactions in risk assessments for global change

... 2004). Biological components of habitats include diverse relationships with other species (Damman, 1993) in the same, higher or lower trophic levels. The nature of their effects on the target species vary from beneficial (Bruno et al., 2003) to inhibitory and asymmetrical (Lawton & Hassell, 1981). T ...
User`s guide to GO
User`s guide to GO

... assign functions to gene products at different levels, depending on how much is known about a gene product  is used for a diverse range of species  structured to be queried at different levels, eg:  find all the chicken gene products in the genome that are involved in signal transduction  zoom i ...
Distributional Ecology of New Guinea Birds
Distributional Ecology of New Guinea Birds

... mainlands, and the immigration rate sociated with islands on which natural mainland and must have supported should increase with island area and processes (such as volcanic explosions virtually the full New Guinea lowland proximity to the colonization source. or changing sea level) have displaced av ...
Diversity effects on production in different light and fertility
Diversity effects on production in different light and fertility

Demography and social organization of free
Demography and social organization of free

... ing age classes: infant, 1year old, 2 year old, November, 1988, dispersing males had setyoung adult ( 3 4 years old), young prime, tled into new groups (although not necessarprime adult, late prime, and old. Most L. ily the group they had originally attempted catta are born within a 5 week period ea ...
The myriad consequences of hunting for vertebrates and plants in
The myriad consequences of hunting for vertebrates and plants in

... ping diets, and agonistic interspecific interactions are commonplace. The largest cebids include woolly, spider and howler monkeys (Lagothrix, Ateles and Alouatta, respectively). These large, conspicuous, diurnal monkeys comprise a single subfamily and share low population growth rates, extended lon ...
How humans drive speciation as well as extinction
How humans drive speciation as well as extinction

... Mammals are perhaps the most well-researched group of living organisms. Incorporating recently extinct species, there are currently 5488 known species of mammal [27]. From the Late Pleistocene (approx. 130 000 years ago) to approximately AD 1000, 177 species of large mammal (more than 10 kg) are kno ...
The diversity–stability debate
The diversity–stability debate

... fairly regular waxing and waning of a population’s density). Such background population variability, whether driven by biotic or abiotic processes, can provide species with the opportunity to respond differentially to their environment. In turn, these differential species responses weaken the destru ...
Parasite host-switching from the invasive American red
Parasite host-switching from the invasive American red

Population Management Plan Submission
Population Management Plan Submission

... management whereby the full range of threats can be recognised and responded to in a management plan that has statutory standing. This species continues to show long term significant decline despite the setting of an annual limit on fishing related mortality (MALFiRM). The focus on the setting of a ...
The role of abiotic and biotic factors in determining coexistence of
The role of abiotic and biotic factors in determining coexistence of

... pollinator species that deposit eggs next to plant ovules, would not only compete for access to oviposition sites, but also have to contend with increased egg/larval mortality as a consequence of the plant’s response to damage. Competition between pollinator species that lay eggs next to plant ovule ...
SM-Day 1
SM-Day 1

... Some matrices are updates of the original Dayhoff method with more data or some technical refinements Ex: Jones, Taylor, Thornton 1992 (JTT) Gonnet, Benner and Cohen Some matrices are for specialized kinds or parts of proteins. Ex: JTT transmembrane protein matrix Goldstein secondary structure matri ...
Conservation status of Powerful Owl in New South Wales
Conservation status of Powerful Owl in New South Wales

... protocols protect nest trees and prey habitat trees; some of its key prey species (e.g. Common Ringtail Possum Pseudocheirus peregrinus) are abundant in regrowth forests (Cann et al. 2002; Kavanagh 2002b). Other threats, or potential threats, include competition for hollows (owl nests and prey nest ...
Reprint
Reprint

... (Hendry et al. 2010). Molecular analyses identifying lineages that are morphologically and taxonomically indistinguishable and hence are called “cryptic,” have become frequent in some taxonomic groups such as animals or fungi, but have been stated to be surprisingly rare in higher plants (Bickford e ...
Evenness drives consistent diversity effects in intensive grassland
Evenness drives consistent diversity effects in intensive grassland

... Fig. 2 Graphical representation of (a) the four-species simplex design and (b) the relationship between sown evenness (E ) and richness in the simplex. (a) Each point in the tetrahedron represents a community with its position determined by its sown relative abundance pattern (P1, P2, P3, P4). Commu ...
BIOLOGICAL WEED CONTROL VIA NUTRIENT COMPETITION: POTASSIUM LIMITATION OF DANDELIONS E A. T
BIOLOGICAL WEED CONTROL VIA NUTRIENT COMPETITION: POTASSIUM LIMITATION OF DANDELIONS E A. T

... on plant-species abundances in the 140-yr-old Park Grass Experiment at Rothamsted, England, show that Taraxacum abundances were highly dependent on potassium fertilization and on liming, but not on addition of other nutrients. Potassium fertilization led to a 17to 20-fold increase in Taraxacum abund ...
Enhancing management effectiveness of invasive
Enhancing management effectiveness of invasive

... 2. The use of detection probability and population density estimates from distance sampling as a method to: (a) estimate spatial and depth variations in detectability of lionfish to prioritize removal efforts; (b) reduce costs related to removal in the Caribbean; and (c) provide quantifiable baseline ...
Unit 7: Ecology
Unit 7: Ecology

... This graph shows the decline in the population of one of Darwin's finches on Daphne Major, a tiny (100acre) member of the Galapagos Islands. The decline (from 1400 to 200 ...
Molecular genetics of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in plants
Molecular genetics of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in plants

... from pepper (ref. 5 ) and violaxanthin deepoxidase (VDE) from lettuce (ref. 6 ) . Alternative ways for gene isolation take advantage of various genetic methods that do not rely on protein purification. In the carotenoid biosynthesis field these methods have been utilized first in prokaryotic systems ...
G. Evelyn Hutchinson
G. Evelyn Hutchinson

... Major source of terrestrial diversity introduced by evolution of ~ 200.000 species or flowering plants ~ 750.000 species of insects ...
Evaluating the role of ecological isolation in maintaining the species
Evaluating the role of ecological isolation in maintaining the species

... open sites, most founder populations fared better, at least in the short term, with considerable recruitment (Fig. 1). It must be noted that these measures of population size include all species present (and hybrids). Repeated measures analysis of variance on population size according to starting sp ...
Multiple Sequence Alignment
Multiple Sequence Alignment

... you compare, even if there is no significant similarity between them. You must evaluate the results critically to decide if the segment shown is not just a random region of relative similarity ...
Vegetation dynamics and community assembly in post
Vegetation dynamics and community assembly in post

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

... Intensively farmed fish can lead to the excretion of high concentrations of nutrients in the water, a process known as eutrophication. Increased nitrate and phosphate levels (from faeces or uneaten food) can cause algal blooms (including some toxic species) and mass fish mortality events. In Lago Pa ...
Habitat: Shallow Rocky Reef Species (0
Habitat: Shallow Rocky Reef Species (0

... In order to transition towards of an ecosystem-based approach to marine conservation while working within ADFG’s prearranged planning process, we identified 5 marine ecosystems of concern and several featured species assemblages within those systems to drive the conservation of marine invertebrates ...
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Molecular ecology

Molecular ecology is a field of evolutionary biology that is concerned with applying molecular population genetics, molecular phylogenetics, and more recently genomics to traditional ecological questions (e.g., species diagnosis, conservation and assessment of biodiversity, species-area relationships, and many questions in behavioral ecology). It is virtually synonymous with the field of ""Ecological Genetics"" as pioneered by Theodosius Dobzhansky, E. B. Ford, Godfrey M. Hewitt and others. These fields are united in their attempt to study genetic-based questions ""out in the field"" as opposed to the laboratory. Molecular ecology is related to the field of Conservation genetics.Methods frequently include using microsatellites to determine gene flow and hybridization between populations. The development of molecular ecology is also closely related to the use of DNA microarrays, which allows for the simultaneous analysis of the expression of thousands of different genes. Quantitative PCR may also be used to analyze gene expression as a result of changes in environmental conditions or different response by differently adapted individuals.
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