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The Linkage between Conservation Strategies for Large Carnivores
The Linkage between Conservation Strategies for Large Carnivores

... aesthetics as well as biodiversity, is apparent in the European Landscape Convention (2000). In the preamble to the Convention it is noted that “landscape has an important public interest role in the cultural, ecological, environmental and social fields” and that “landscape contributes to the format ...
Natural Selection Activity
Natural Selection Activity

... uniformly as possible so that no squares are sticking together or covering other squares. 6. Begin a round of Predation Game Warden: Direct the predators to face the habitat and begin picking up squares (prey); say “Stop” after 15 seconds. Predators: Pick up as many paper squares (prey) as possible ...
Using Biodiversity and Evenness Comparisons Among Plant
Using Biodiversity and Evenness Comparisons Among Plant

... identification of research natural areas (Pryors Coalition 2007). Since 1978, nearly 1,000 plant species have been recorded in the Pryor Mountains. Dorn initially observed in 1978 that desert plant species characteristic of the Great Basin reach their northern range limits in the Pryor Mountain Dese ...
Integrating Biosystematic Data into Conservation Planning
Integrating Biosystematic Data into Conservation Planning

... also provide an example of how the spatial components of evolutionary processes can be identiŽed and targeted for conservation action. Key to this understanding are the recognition and description of taxonomic units at all spatial scales. Without the recognition of subspeciŽc variation, it is difŽcu ...
Molecular evolutionary analysis of the American pika
Molecular evolutionary analysis of the American pika

... order Euarchontoglires, using the CODEML program in the PAML package. These analyses indicated positive selection at four loci. I then investigated rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions within the conserved domain of each of the four genes, which indicated an increased rate of nonsynon ...
Conservation issues for Darwin`s finches in the Galápagos
Conservation issues for Darwin`s finches in the Galápagos

... Size assortative pairing.......................................................................................... 137! DNA extraction and PCR amplification .................................................................. 138! Microsatellite analysis ............................................... ...
Guns, Germs and Steel
Guns, Germs and Steel

Organism classification and the scientific method 9/1
Organism classification and the scientific method 9/1

... 1. Presented evidence to support the idea of evolution 2. Proposed a mechanism for evolution called natural selection ...
A2314 - ICES
A2314 - ICES

... Thau lagoon offers a suitable large scale laboratory to study the dynamics of A. aurita population. Our study reveals that the benthic population might have been enhanced by habitat modification, benefiting from the availability of suitable artificial settling surfaces (Duarte et al., 2012). Both be ...
Predicting changes in the distribution and abundance of species
Predicting changes in the distribution and abundance of species

... annual vital rates given the changing drivers and intraspecific density, use the vital rates to update population sizes at each location, add stochastic dispersal and repeat until we reach the desired future time horizon, and then use the predicted abundance to identify the distribution (Fig. 1, arr ...
The evolution of pollen production in Campanula persicifolia David
The evolution of pollen production in Campanula persicifolia David

... (between lat. 56° N and 63° N, see Fig. 3 and Table 1). In general, I selected populations that consisted of more than 40 individuals. However, populations 6, 8, 11 and 12 were smaller because there were only small populations in the local area. Populations close to large or busy roads were avoided ...
Byrd (PowerPoint without audio)
Byrd (PowerPoint without audio)

... Hypothesis: cut stump treatment would provide most effective resprout control method However, the cut stump treatment was less effective than the fracture method (46%, 63% mortality respectively). Why? ...
Sympatric, parapatric or allopatric: the most important way to classify
Sympatric, parapatric or allopatric: the most important way to classify

... Europe, northeast England, northwest Spain and southwest Sweden, pairs of divergent morphs have been studied in detail (summarized in table 2; figure 2). In northeast England, a thin-shelled morph with wide aperture (H morph) is found on the high shore, typically in crevices on vertical surfaces nea ...
Sympatric, parapatric or allopatric: the most important way to classify
Sympatric, parapatric or allopatric: the most important way to classify

Evolution in Response to Direct and Indirect Ecological Effects in
Evolution in Response to Direct and Indirect Ecological Effects in

... effects (Abrams 1992; Menge 1995). Indeed, in some cases, multiple indirect effects can swamp the influence of direct ecological effects (e.g., Stone and Roberts 1991; Abrams 1992; Miller 1994). The effect of indirect interactions on ecological patterns has been well studied and can result in change ...
The global diversity of protozoa and other small species
The global diversity of protozoa and other small species

... Within many nominal species, discrete populations probably exist, between which gene flow is restricted or non-existent. These populations, known as syngens, sibling species or biological species (the terms are largely interchangeable), are often difficult, even impossible to separate on morphologic ...
Honduras Schools Booklet 2016
Honduras Schools Booklet 2016

... jungle skills training and two and half days of forest measurements and biodiversity monitoring. Students will arrive in the forest on Wednesday by mid morning and will attend introductory lectures on health and safety, camp orientation and the schedule for the week for each group. Each of the stude ...
Species loss and secondary extinctions in simple and complex
Species loss and secondary extinctions in simple and complex

... growth rate of species i, and αij is the per capita effect of species j on the per capita growth rate of species i. αij < 0 when species j consumes species i and αij > 0 when species j is a prey of species i. Basal species grow in the absence of consumers (bi > 0) and consumers die in the absence of ...
Instructor: Dr. Rudy Boonstra Office:
Instructor: Dr. Rudy Boonstra Office:

... Email Policy: Do not send emails. Contact should be during office hours or in the lecture/lab Marking Scheme: Exams: Midterm - 25%; Final - 30%; Essay - 10% & Essay Seminar - 5%; Laboratory Assignments - 25%; Participation- 5% Course Text: C.J. Krebs 2009 Ecology: The Experimental Analysis of Distri ...
Graph Theory Patterns in the Genetic Codes
Graph Theory Patterns in the Genetic Codes

... DIGBY , 1999). That study found that mRNA sequences are thermodynamically more stable than expected for secondary structure folding. Calculated folding free energies are 80% more likely to be more negative than expected compared to mononucleotide shuffled sequences. Randomization while preserving di ...
Behavioural influences on disease risk: implications for conservation
Behavioural influences on disease risk: implications for conservation

... 2007a). Such infection heterogeneity is driven by many factors, including variation in host traits such as behaviour (Wilson et al., 2001). For instance, experimental manipulations of behaviour, size and immunity in tadpoles demonstrated that individual-level variation in behaviour (i.e. lower activ ...
Dominant Species and Diversity: Linking Relative Abundance to
Dominant Species and Diversity: Linking Relative Abundance to

... establishment of new species. A number of studies have shown that facilitation may increase the realized niches of newly establishing species, and thus their probability of establishment increases if the extant community is present (Bruno et al. 2003; Callaway 2007). These studies have produced thre ...
Conservation of Native Biodiversity in the City
Conservation of Native Biodiversity in the City

... quite urban tolerant, while others are entirely adverse to urban habitat. For example, ringtails (Bassariscus astutus) are found rarely in the Santa Monica Mountains, and never in suburban or urban settings, while opossum are quite comfortable in suburban backyards and alleys. Conservation of mid-si ...
The evolution of plumage polymorphism in birds of prey and owls
The evolution of plumage polymorphism in birds of prey and owls

... as habitat productivity. This first analysis supported the second prediction of the avoidance-image hypothesis that migratory species should be more polymorphic. Across genera, the correlation pattern changes considerably. Seven of the 25 explanatory variables were significantly correlated with the ...
Unit 2 final
Unit 2 final

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Molecular ecology

Molecular ecology is a field of evolutionary biology that is concerned with applying molecular population genetics, molecular phylogenetics, and more recently genomics to traditional ecological questions (e.g., species diagnosis, conservation and assessment of biodiversity, species-area relationships, and many questions in behavioral ecology). It is virtually synonymous with the field of ""Ecological Genetics"" as pioneered by Theodosius Dobzhansky, E. B. Ford, Godfrey M. Hewitt and others. These fields are united in their attempt to study genetic-based questions ""out in the field"" as opposed to the laboratory. Molecular ecology is related to the field of Conservation genetics.Methods frequently include using microsatellites to determine gene flow and hybridization between populations. The development of molecular ecology is also closely related to the use of DNA microarrays, which allows for the simultaneous analysis of the expression of thousands of different genes. Quantitative PCR may also be used to analyze gene expression as a result of changes in environmental conditions or different response by differently adapted individuals.
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