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biodiversity hotspot
biodiversity hotspot

... • Must have 30% or less of its original natural vegetation. The species must be threatened (this means it has to have lost bigger or equal to 70% of its original habitat) ...
Ecosystems
Ecosystems

... Organisms within an ecosystem constantly interact in order to obtain resources for life, such as water, sunlight or even habitat (a place to live). Because of these constant interactions, organisms develop certain roles or niches in their ecosystems. A niche is the way in which a particular organism ...
Crash Course Community Ecology and the Niche
Crash Course Community Ecology and the Niche

... They do this by finding an ecological niche, the sum of all resources, both biotic and abiotic, that a species uses in its environment. You can think of an organism's niche as its job in the community that provides it with a certain lifestyle. We tend to keep jobs that we can do better than anyone e ...
Copy the following - Environmental Science 4502
Copy the following - Environmental Science 4502

... A. Shows energy use in an Carnivore ecosystem Trophic Level B. Produces Carbohydrates Energy Pyramid C. Feeds on meat Food chain D. Each step in the transfer of energy through a food chain E. Shows linear movement of energy ...
Sustaining Biodiversity - species Mass extinction events Levels of
Sustaining Biodiversity - species Mass extinction events Levels of

5.4 WS
5.4 WS

... eaten by a certain bird, goes extinct. There is now a vacant ____________________ in the ecological community. Chemosynthesis and photosynthesis use different energy sources, but each uses water and ____________________ to produce sugars. ____________________ is a close, long-term association betwee ...
1 A View of Life - juan-roldan
1 A View of Life - juan-roldan

... I. Symbiosis involves close associations between species. 1. Symbiosis is any intimate relationship or association between members of 2 or more species. 2. In mutualism, benefits are shared. a) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and legumes are mutualists. b) Zooxanthellae and reef-building coral are mutualis ...
AP Biology Name Evolution Review Questions Date 1. Which of the
AP Biology Name Evolution Review Questions Date 1. Which of the

... Use the following key for the next five questions. Each answer in the key may be used once, more than once, or not at all. a) Bottleneck d) Sexual reproduction b) Adaptive radiation e) Sympatric speciation c) Directional selection 10. Because of human predation, the sizes and genetic variation in po ...
Species Concept
Species Concept

Eco-Relationships
Eco-Relationships

... Every plant & critter needs energy to survive & thrive. Because of this, many inter-species relationships have been forged for the survival and purpose of accumulating this energy. ...
Chp 5: Biodiversity, Species Interactions, and Population Control
Chp 5: Biodiversity, Species Interactions, and Population Control

... • Groups have a better chance of finding ____________________________________________ • Protects some animals from _____________________________________________________ • Packs allow some to get ________________________________________________________ • Temporary groups for ______________________ an ...
1. Define Species and Population and list 2 characteristics of each
1. Define Species and Population and list 2 characteristics of each

... patterns within their environment. The animals will form a pattern in a particular environment in order to meet their needs and to survive successfully. The season, access to a food supply and shelter to feed and raise their young are factors that determine the patterns that animals form within an e ...
What is biodiversity? Why is it important? What threatens biodiversity
What is biodiversity? Why is it important? What threatens biodiversity

... Phenotype - the physical constitution of an organism that results from its genetic constitution (genotype) and the action of the environment on the expression of the genes. ...
week-2-notes-niche-and-communities
week-2-notes-niche-and-communities

... homeostasis, and so has less energy left for growth and reproduction. ...
Ecological Relationships All organisms interact with others (and with
Ecological Relationships All organisms interact with others (and with

... host. For example, a flea is a parasite of dogs. Parasites do not usually kill their hosts, because without a host, the parasite would die. ...
Name: ____________ Pd.: ______ Date: Ecologists Study
Name: ____________ Pd.: ______ Date: Ecologists Study

... 11. __________________ nonliving things such as moisture, temperature, wind, sunlight, and soil 12. Ecosystems are always undergoing changes. As these changes occur, an ecosystem falls into a balance, which is known as approximate _________________________. 13. The assortment, or variety of living t ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions

... 4. Why does a population’s age structure help predict the population’s future? A population’s age structure indicates the upcoming reproductive potential and, therefore, helps indicate future birth and death rates. 5. Give three examples of how a habitat’s carrying capacity might change over time. A ...
Lotka-Volterra Predator
Lotka-Volterra Predator

...  Y’= -cy+dxy-eyz (predator-- snake)  Z’= -fz+gxz (super-predator-- owl)  a: natural growth rate of prey in the absence of predation  b: death rate due to predation  c: natural death rate of predator  d: growth rate due to predation  e: death rate due to predation (by super-predator)  f: natu ...
Niche and Communities
Niche and Communities

... homeostasis, and so has less energy left for growth and reproduction. ...
AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

... c. less prone to extension. d. considered an invasive species. e. almost always protected under the Endangered Species Act. ...
week-2-notes-niche-and-communities
week-2-notes-niche-and-communities

... homeostasis, and so has less energy left for growth and reproduction. ...
File - Campbell Corner
File - Campbell Corner

ecological succession
ecological succession

... Mutualism: ‫ همزیستی‬is an interaction that benefits both species by providing each one limited resources Commensalism: ‫ همسفرگی‬is an interaction that benefits one species but has little, if any, effect on the other Conclusion: these interaction have significant effects on the resources use and po ...
Topic 2: Ecosystems and ecology
Topic 2: Ecosystems and ecology

... an ecosystem Biotic Factors: The living components of an ecosystem. NOT just a list of all the living things in an ecosystem, but the roles played by each of those organisms. Abiotic Factors: The physical and chemical components of an ecosystem. In your books: ...
How Do Populations Change in Size?
How Do Populations Change in Size?

... 1) Where in the world can you find populations of this organism? 2) What kinds of resources are limiting to its growth? 3) How are the individuals dispersed within their ...
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Theoretical ecology



Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.
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