Entry 18: Food Chains and Food Webs
... *As you move up the levels of the energy pyramid, the amount of energy left over to pass to the next level consumer DECREASES. 90% gets used by the organisms at each level for daily living activities. The left over 10% gets passed to the next consumer when an organism is eaten. Energy is measured i ...
... *As you move up the levels of the energy pyramid, the amount of energy left over to pass to the next level consumer DECREASES. 90% gets used by the organisms at each level for daily living activities. The left over 10% gets passed to the next consumer when an organism is eaten. Energy is measured i ...
Chapter 11 Molles Notes – Population Growth
... generations. The exponential model of population growth is most appropriate for organisms that have overlapping generations. Exponential growth is possible in situations where resources are abundant. Where resource supplies are in short supply, exponential growth is not possible. 2. The much longer ...
... generations. The exponential model of population growth is most appropriate for organisms that have overlapping generations. Exponential growth is possible in situations where resources are abundant. Where resource supplies are in short supply, exponential growth is not possible. 2. The much longer ...
Biodiversity and changing land use systems
... There were two case studies showed about the dynamics of natural forests, focusing on Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies dominated forests. Pine-dominated forest in Finland consists of different age cohorts and characterized by old trees that survived forest fires while senescence is also a very impor ...
... There were two case studies showed about the dynamics of natural forests, focusing on Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies dominated forests. Pine-dominated forest in Finland consists of different age cohorts and characterized by old trees that survived forest fires while senescence is also a very impor ...
Fundamentals of Ecology - University of West Florida
... potential. Define carrying capacity. Distinguish between density-dependent and density-independent checks on population growth, and list three examples of each. List three types of population curves found in nature, and identify one organism which exemplifies each. Distinguish between r-strategists ...
... potential. Define carrying capacity. Distinguish between density-dependent and density-independent checks on population growth, and list three examples of each. List three types of population curves found in nature, and identify one organism which exemplifies each. Distinguish between r-strategists ...
Successful Invasion of a Food Web in a Chemostat
... increases nor decreases, in the absence of predators and all other competitors. For a predator population it is the concentration of prey at which the predator population neither increases nor decreases in the absence of all other predator populations. Thus these break-even concentrations can be eas ...
... increases nor decreases, in the absence of predators and all other competitors. For a predator population it is the concentration of prey at which the predator population neither increases nor decreases in the absence of all other predator populations. Thus these break-even concentrations can be eas ...
Symbiotic Relationships
... other parasites that live on their skin. The oxpeckers get food and the beasts get pest control. 8. Spider crabs live in shallow areas of the ocean floor, and greenish-brown algae lives on the crabs' backs, making the crabs blend in with their environment, and unnoticeable to predators. The algae ge ...
... other parasites that live on their skin. The oxpeckers get food and the beasts get pest control. 8. Spider crabs live in shallow areas of the ocean floor, and greenish-brown algae lives on the crabs' backs, making the crabs blend in with their environment, and unnoticeable to predators. The algae ge ...
do not write on this test
... 5. The study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment 6. An organisms that eats only plants 7. The role of a species within a community 8. A group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific area Multiple Choice. Identify the choice that best c ...
... 5. The study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment 6. An organisms that eats only plants 7. The role of a species within a community 8. A group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific area Multiple Choice. Identify the choice that best c ...
Lecture 25: Trophic Cascades The world is GREEN (Hairston et al
... d) Reticulate & complex systems, weak & diffuse interactions ...
... d) Reticulate & complex systems, weak & diffuse interactions ...
Why plankton communities have no equilibrium: solutions to the
... Seasons and the weather; the external noise Seasons are an obvious reason why there can never be a real ‘equilibrium of nature’ in most ecosystems. The role of seasonality has been neglected largely by theoretical ecologists working with simple models. However, field biologists have analyzed seasona ...
... Seasons and the weather; the external noise Seasons are an obvious reason why there can never be a real ‘equilibrium of nature’ in most ecosystems. The role of seasonality has been neglected largely by theoretical ecologists working with simple models. However, field biologists have analyzed seasona ...
Chapter 15: Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of
... analyses were based on trapping records maintained by the Hudson’s Bay Company of special interest in these records are the regular and closely linked fluctuations in populations of the lynx and its principal prey, the snowshoe hare What ...
... analyses were based on trapping records maintained by the Hudson’s Bay Company of special interest in these records are the regular and closely linked fluctuations in populations of the lynx and its principal prey, the snowshoe hare What ...
Interspecific interaction: The analysis of complex structures in
... size, sex, health) and quantity which, in the case of some copepods and Pleurobrachia pileus, are inverse trophic relationships with age, can hardly be expressed in the form of a predator-prey system. Therefore, the terms "agent" and "reagent" were introduced, representing the two coordinates in an ...
... size, sex, health) and quantity which, in the case of some copepods and Pleurobrachia pileus, are inverse trophic relationships with age, can hardly be expressed in the form of a predator-prey system. Therefore, the terms "agent" and "reagent" were introduced, representing the two coordinates in an ...
Populations: Variation in space and time
... slower than demographic problems at small population sizes ...
... slower than demographic problems at small population sizes ...
Habitat, a biological definition Needs provided by habitat:
... 1000s to >10,000 geese per event – Usually 1-2 events per year in OR – If rodents are likely to have sub lethal doses of toxicants onboard, think about what other (living) tools you’re trying to employ (Your dog? Owls? Hawks? Foxes? Etc.) ...
... 1000s to >10,000 geese per event – Usually 1-2 events per year in OR – If rodents are likely to have sub lethal doses of toxicants onboard, think about what other (living) tools you’re trying to employ (Your dog? Owls? Hawks? Foxes? Etc.) ...
Chapter 52: An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere
... A population ecologist wished to determine the size of a population of white-footed deer mice, Peromyscus leucopus, in a 1-hectare field. Her first trapping yielded 80 mice, all of which were marked with a dab of purple hair dye on the back of the neck. Two weeks later, the trapping was repeated. Th ...
... A population ecologist wished to determine the size of a population of white-footed deer mice, Peromyscus leucopus, in a 1-hectare field. Her first trapping yielded 80 mice, all of which were marked with a dab of purple hair dye on the back of the neck. Two weeks later, the trapping was repeated. Th ...
population biology
... and technology occurred, the human population began growing very rapidly. Today, the world’s human population is greater than 6.5 billion people, and it continues to grow, but at a slower rate. ...
... and technology occurred, the human population began growing very rapidly. Today, the world’s human population is greater than 6.5 billion people, and it continues to grow, but at a slower rate. ...
A Lotka-Volterra Three
... In the special case ga = f b, the Jacobian matrix evaluated at any of the fixed points (s, a/b, (ds − c)/e), with s ≥ c/d, has three eigenvalues with zero real part. Thus, each such fixed point has a three-dimensional center manifold, which does not help us determine the dynamics near these fixed po ...
... In the special case ga = f b, the Jacobian matrix evaluated at any of the fixed points (s, a/b, (ds − c)/e), with s ≥ c/d, has three eigenvalues with zero real part. Thus, each such fixed point has a three-dimensional center manifold, which does not help us determine the dynamics near these fixed po ...
Bell Work: What is the difference between habitat and niche
... squirrel eats nuts from the top of the tree and the other from the bottom of the tree. 3. Divergent evolution could allow one species to eat larger nuts (larger teeth) and one to eat the smaller nuts (smaller ...
... squirrel eats nuts from the top of the tree and the other from the bottom of the tree. 3. Divergent evolution could allow one species to eat larger nuts (larger teeth) and one to eat the smaller nuts (smaller ...
Ecological Information
... Environmental impacts of the product are predominantly due to its content of surfactants, which are toxic to aquatic organisms. Together with most of the other organic components they are, however, largely degraded during the usual process time of sewage in treatment plants. Remnants eventually rele ...
... Environmental impacts of the product are predominantly due to its content of surfactants, which are toxic to aquatic organisms. Together with most of the other organic components they are, however, largely degraded during the usual process time of sewage in treatment plants. Remnants eventually rele ...
Herbivory and predation
... 1. Low [chemicals] in the field 2. Mediated by 3rd party (e.g. microbes and litter) 3. Trophic interactions similar to apparent competition: shrub harbours seed predator – causes “allelopathic” spatial arrangement. ...
... 1. Low [chemicals] in the field 2. Mediated by 3rd party (e.g. microbes and litter) 3. Trophic interactions similar to apparent competition: shrub harbours seed predator – causes “allelopathic” spatial arrangement. ...
Habitats and Niches
... survive such as food, light, shelter, and water. An organism’s habitat is the area where it can survive because it has these requirements in large enough amounts to support populations of the organism. o A habitat is the environment where an organism lives. ...
... survive such as food, light, shelter, and water. An organism’s habitat is the area where it can survive because it has these requirements in large enough amounts to support populations of the organism. o A habitat is the environment where an organism lives. ...
all poster abstracts
... Crop pollination by wild bees is an important ecosystem service and therefore it is crucial to understand and predict impacts from e.g. land-use decisions, pesticide management and future climate change. Useful models can be spatially explicit quantitative models integrating bee’s foraging behaviour ...
... Crop pollination by wild bees is an important ecosystem service and therefore it is crucial to understand and predict impacts from e.g. land-use decisions, pesticide management and future climate change. Useful models can be spatially explicit quantitative models integrating bee’s foraging behaviour ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.