INDUSTRIALIZATION IN SOUTH AFRICA: A
... Two extensive articles in the South African Journa/ of Economics by SJ. Kleu'8 and G. Marais19 supplement the said works by pointing out the increasing role of industrial production as a percentage of South Africa's GDP (especially the growth thereof until it made a greater contribution to the GDP f ...
... Two extensive articles in the South African Journa/ of Economics by SJ. Kleu'8 and G. Marais19 supplement the said works by pointing out the increasing role of industrial production as a percentage of South Africa's GDP (especially the growth thereof until it made a greater contribution to the GDP f ...
Developing countries call for no patents on climate
... well the various submissions of countries during the technology debate also contains other proposals to address the IPR barrier. Some of proposals envisage bolder actions to overcome the IPR obstacle such as “Limited/reduced time for patents on climate friendly technologies”. Philippines proposed la ...
... well the various submissions of countries during the technology debate also contains other proposals to address the IPR barrier. Some of proposals envisage bolder actions to overcome the IPR obstacle such as “Limited/reduced time for patents on climate friendly technologies”. Philippines proposed la ...
Central and East European Countries After Entering the
... to the right as well as the curve of the expected returns on assets in local currencies. If the second effect is stronger, this will result in the pressures for local appreciation, impacting through the worsening of the current account on the expectations of the exchange rate depreciation and leadin ...
... to the right as well as the curve of the expected returns on assets in local currencies. If the second effect is stronger, this will result in the pressures for local appreciation, impacting through the worsening of the current account on the expectations of the exchange rate depreciation and leadin ...
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... scale. Third, we allow for perfect labor mobility between the two sectors. This means that, given the presence of labor surplus conditions in the agricultural sector, any increase in the labor force is absorbed by manufacturing and not agriculture. Finally, unlike either Lewisian labor surplus model ...
... scale. Third, we allow for perfect labor mobility between the two sectors. This means that, given the presence of labor surplus conditions in the agricultural sector, any increase in the labor force is absorbed by manufacturing and not agriculture. Finally, unlike either Lewisian labor surplus model ...
Why Have Economic Reforms in Mexico Not Generated Growth?
... increases welfare. Examining the mechanisms through which opening to trade increases welfare, we find evidence that welfare increased more in Mexico than the real GDP data indicate and that the growth gap between Mexico and China is not as large. Nonetheless, a large growth gap remains, and, to acco ...
... increases welfare. Examining the mechanisms through which opening to trade increases welfare, we find evidence that welfare increased more in Mexico than the real GDP data indicate and that the growth gap between Mexico and China is not as large. Nonetheless, a large growth gap remains, and, to acco ...
Why Have Economic Reforms in Mexico Not Generated Growth?*
... increases welfare. Examining the mechanisms through which opening to trade increases welfare, we find evidence that welfare increased more in Mexico than the real GDP data indicate and that the growth gap between Mexico and China is not as large. Nonetheless, a large growth gap remains, and, to acco ...
... increases welfare. Examining the mechanisms through which opening to trade increases welfare, we find evidence that welfare increased more in Mexico than the real GDP data indicate and that the growth gap between Mexico and China is not as large. Nonetheless, a large growth gap remains, and, to acco ...
mega and agglomerated regions register high per capita
... thirteen years, up to 2015.1 The need for the creation of territorial scenarios stems from the high economic, institutional and social pressures that the European economy is facing nowadays. From the institutional point of view, the enlargement of the European Union has exacerbated regional disparit ...
... thirteen years, up to 2015.1 The need for the creation of territorial scenarios stems from the high economic, institutional and social pressures that the European economy is facing nowadays. From the institutional point of view, the enlargement of the European Union has exacerbated regional disparit ...
Economic Indicators for Analytical and Policy Use in National
... Policy formulation could be based on the use of indicators measuring past and present trends [a] May also take into account future developments that are based on alternative values of the indicators in the future [b]. The use of indicators in projections is reflected in a direct link with the ...
... Policy formulation could be based on the use of indicators measuring past and present trends [a] May also take into account future developments that are based on alternative values of the indicators in the future [b]. The use of indicators in projections is reflected in a direct link with the ...
Book Review Living an Impossible Living in a Transborder World
... one of the most fundamental concepts in anthropology: exchange. Exchange is a practice that cuts across classes. With accompanying acts of reciprocity, exchange acts like a social glue leading to the creation of networks of support and cooperation. Future works can build on Vélez-Ibáñez’ contributio ...
... one of the most fundamental concepts in anthropology: exchange. Exchange is a practice that cuts across classes. With accompanying acts of reciprocity, exchange acts like a social glue leading to the creation of networks of support and cooperation. Future works can build on Vélez-Ibáñez’ contributio ...
Economic Issues No. 26--Rural Poverty in Developing Countries
... among the poor reflect highly complex interactions of cultures, markets, and public policies. Rural poverty accounts for nearly 63 percent of poverty worldwide, reaching 90 percent in some countries like Bangladesh and between 65 and 90 percent in sub-Saharan Africa. (Exceptions to this pattern are ...
... among the poor reflect highly complex interactions of cultures, markets, and public policies. Rural poverty accounts for nearly 63 percent of poverty worldwide, reaching 90 percent in some countries like Bangladesh and between 65 and 90 percent in sub-Saharan Africa. (Exceptions to this pattern are ...
About the ICP and PPPs
... conversion of national currency denominated values into a common currency. The literature on international economics supported by common sense indicates that cross-country comparisons that rely on market exchange rates are prone to yield misleading results due to frequent movements of exchange rates ...
... conversion of national currency denominated values into a common currency. The literature on international economics supported by common sense indicates that cross-country comparisons that rely on market exchange rates are prone to yield misleading results due to frequent movements of exchange rates ...
Determinants of Software Piracy: Evidence from Far East Countries
... world is ten times that of newly emerging markets, but the total loss caused by software piracy in newly emerging markets is only twice as much as in developed countries. Certainly, the piracy issue in newly emerging markets will become a more serious problem in the future. In our research we collec ...
... world is ten times that of newly emerging markets, but the total loss caused by software piracy in newly emerging markets is only twice as much as in developed countries. Certainly, the piracy issue in newly emerging markets will become a more serious problem in the future. In our research we collec ...
the changing interpretation of the flying geese model of economic
... process of the international division of labor as driven by changes in “comparative cost structures,” which are themselves caused by innovation (1961: 201). Instead of referring to production factors, he points to the importance of knowledge as well as linkage effects and characterizes industrial de ...
... process of the international division of labor as driven by changes in “comparative cost structures,” which are themselves caused by innovation (1961: 201). Instead of referring to production factors, he points to the importance of knowledge as well as linkage effects and characterizes industrial de ...
Great Depressions of the Twentieth Century
... except during the U.S. Great Depression of 1929–39 and the World War II buildup of 1939–46. The United States is large, diverse, and politically stable, and it was the industrial leader throughout the twentieth century. Perhaps in the twenty-first century, the European Union or China will become the ...
... except during the U.S. Great Depression of 1929–39 and the World War II buildup of 1939–46. The United States is large, diverse, and politically stable, and it was the industrial leader throughout the twentieth century. Perhaps in the twenty-first century, the European Union or China will become the ...
Sustainable currency regimes in Central and Eastern Europe
... policy (a la Ireland recently) may be more limited in the CEECs than in Western Europe given this reluctance to cut spending; so too the scope for stimulatory fiscal policy may be limited given the Growth and Stability Pact’s 3% deficit ceiling. ...
... policy (a la Ireland recently) may be more limited in the CEECs than in Western Europe given this reluctance to cut spending; so too the scope for stimulatory fiscal policy may be limited given the Growth and Stability Pact’s 3% deficit ceiling. ...
The Digital Economy
... There is a race within the logistics industry to eliminate inefficiencies.11 Firms continue to build digitally enabled platforms that decentralize monitoring and control. Information and analytical services that rely on the simultaneous application of cloud-based computer analysis, sensors and the ...
... There is a race within the logistics industry to eliminate inefficiencies.11 Firms continue to build digitally enabled platforms that decentralize monitoring and control. Information and analytical services that rely on the simultaneous application of cloud-based computer analysis, sensors and the ...
LATIN AMERICAN ECONOMIC HISTORY
... model, which occurred in the interwar period, had a catalyzing effect on the development of economic history. Two main history writing traditions -often complementary- contributed to our knowledge of the economic past during what we can call the pre-history of economic history: a traditional nation ...
... model, which occurred in the interwar period, had a catalyzing effect on the development of economic history. Two main history writing traditions -often complementary- contributed to our knowledge of the economic past during what we can call the pre-history of economic history: a traditional nation ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Timothy J. Kehoe Kim J. Ruhl
... increases welfare. Examining the mechanisms through which opening to trade increases welfare, we find evidence that welfare increased more in Mexico than the real GDP data indicate and that the growth gap between Mexico and China is not as large. Nonetheless, a large growth gap remains, and, to acco ...
... increases welfare. Examining the mechanisms through which opening to trade increases welfare, we find evidence that welfare increased more in Mexico than the real GDP data indicate and that the growth gap between Mexico and China is not as large. Nonetheless, a large growth gap remains, and, to acco ...
RAI DIEZ a feb 27.indd - Sistema abierto de publicaciones seriadas
... proposals made by scholars on this topic of the formation of a “one world-one single market” system where analysts’ foresight views about this emerging historical event. The rising literature on the globalization issue is particularly large, so we restrict our appreciation to some scholarship works ...
... proposals made by scholars on this topic of the formation of a “one world-one single market” system where analysts’ foresight views about this emerging historical event. The rising literature on the globalization issue is particularly large, so we restrict our appreciation to some scholarship works ...
The History of Trade and Industrial Policy
... than she had been before the war of 1793. Import duties were about 53 per cent in the late 1820s, as compared with 57 per cent in the early 1820s and less than 30 per cent at the end of the 18th century (ibid, p. 204). Some trade policy reform and "liberalization" began in 1833, but it was during th ...
... than she had been before the war of 1793. Import duties were about 53 per cent in the late 1820s, as compared with 57 per cent in the early 1820s and less than 30 per cent at the end of the 18th century (ibid, p. 204). Some trade policy reform and "liberalization" began in 1833, but it was during th ...
The Contribution Of Higher Education To Economic Development
... Education is widely accepted as one of the leading instrument for promoting economic development. But what level of education that contributes most to development: Primary, secondary, or higher education? Knowledge-based competition within a globalizing economy is prompting a fresh consideration of ...
... Education is widely accepted as one of the leading instrument for promoting economic development. But what level of education that contributes most to development: Primary, secondary, or higher education? Knowledge-based competition within a globalizing economy is prompting a fresh consideration of ...
intertemporal analysis of foreign borrowing An for developing economies* –
... present paper develops a dynamic optimizing model of consumption and foreign borrowing for a developing economy that relies on foreign borrowing for its capital formation. The assumption of a constant interest rate restricts the time discount rate to be equal to the interest rate, a rather unrealist ...
... present paper develops a dynamic optimizing model of consumption and foreign borrowing for a developing economy that relies on foreign borrowing for its capital formation. The assumption of a constant interest rate restricts the time discount rate to be equal to the interest rate, a rather unrealist ...
PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT Productivity, social expenditure and income distribution
... significant share of total social expenditure goes to pay pensions, which in Latin America do not have a positive impact on income distribution —due to the fact that a large share of total employment is informal and excluded from this benefit. At the same time, productivity levels are much lower tha ...
... significant share of total social expenditure goes to pay pensions, which in Latin America do not have a positive impact on income distribution —due to the fact that a large share of total employment is informal and excluded from this benefit. At the same time, productivity levels are much lower tha ...
Development economics
Development economics is a branch of economics which deals with economic aspects of the development process in low-income countries. Its focus is not only on methods of promoting economic development, economic growth and structural change but also on improving the potential for the mass of the population, for example, through health and education and workplace conditions, whether through public or private channels.Development economics involves the creation of theories and methods that aid in the determination of policies and practices and can be implemented at either the domestic or international level. This may involve restructuring market incentives or using mathematical methods such as inter-temporal optimization for project analysis, or it may involve a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods.Unlike in many other fields of economics, approaches in development economics may incorporate social and political factors to devise particular plans. Also unlike many other fields of economics, there is no consensus on what students should know. Different approaches may consider the factors that contribute to economic convergence or non-convergence across households, regions, and countries.