the impact of border policy effect on cross-border
... Heuk Van Houtum creates the need of international border research through the integration process of Europe and he defines border research trend for integrating process in geography aspects. Moreover, he concludes three research paths that is flow path, over-nation path and race path, which are cont ...
... Heuk Van Houtum creates the need of international border research through the integration process of Europe and he defines border research trend for integrating process in geography aspects. Moreover, he concludes three research paths that is flow path, over-nation path and race path, which are cont ...
Civilizing markets: Carbon trading between in vitro and in
... those who still chant on every note that more markets will save us from the weaknesses of existing markets is even more evident, for any extension of markets will naturally also entail new weaknesses. Stern’s argument seems reasonable, at least in principle, as it excludes doctrinarian positions. Th ...
... those who still chant on every note that more markets will save us from the weaknesses of existing markets is even more evident, for any extension of markets will naturally also entail new weaknesses. Stern’s argument seems reasonable, at least in principle, as it excludes doctrinarian positions. Th ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES WHY IS CAPiTAL SO IMMOBILE INTERNATIONALLY?: POSSIBLE
... of writers (e.g. Caprio—Howard (1984), Summers (1988), and Bayourni (1990)), report empirical evidence that countries do appear to change their overall budget deficit over time in order to decrease their net current account deficit or surplus, presumably in order to avoid adverse changes in market i ...
... of writers (e.g. Caprio—Howard (1984), Summers (1988), and Bayourni (1990)), report empirical evidence that countries do appear to change their overall budget deficit over time in order to decrease their net current account deficit or surplus, presumably in order to avoid adverse changes in market i ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES SOCIAL SECURITY AND DEMOCRACY Casey B. Mulligan Ricard Gil
... family activities and, unless family activities themselves depend on the process by which public decisions are made, do not offer a prediction as to how Social Security might be different in democracies and nondemocracies. Diamond and Mirrlees (1978) and Merton (1983) describe Social Security as opt ...
... family activities and, unless family activities themselves depend on the process by which public decisions are made, do not offer a prediction as to how Social Security might be different in democracies and nondemocracies. Diamond and Mirrlees (1978) and Merton (1983) describe Social Security as opt ...
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... and the preservation of traditional sectors, such as food production. The economic outputs also may create social benefits. It is also important to consider the interrelationship between various sectors participating in a bioeconomy. However it should be noted that primary assumptions to the sustain ...
... and the preservation of traditional sectors, such as food production. The economic outputs also may create social benefits. It is also important to consider the interrelationship between various sectors participating in a bioeconomy. However it should be noted that primary assumptions to the sustain ...
Peripheral accumulation in the world economy: A cross
... primarily driven by macroeconomic conditions and economic development. According to this view, during periods of economic growth and strong labor market performance, the informal sector contracts as informal producers and workers migrate to the formal sector (Hart, 1973; ILO, 1972). The legalist per ...
... primarily driven by macroeconomic conditions and economic development. According to this view, during periods of economic growth and strong labor market performance, the informal sector contracts as informal producers and workers migrate to the formal sector (Hart, 1973; ILO, 1972). The legalist per ...
The systems model and political science
... a dead one. Take e g the division of a political system: the different roles that were earlier con nected in a hierarchical network are separated from each other to be integrated into two new hierarchical networks (Germany in 1945). Another example of this property is growth. "Growth" re fers to t ...
... a dead one. Take e g the division of a political system: the different roles that were earlier con nected in a hierarchical network are separated from each other to be integrated into two new hierarchical networks (Germany in 1945). Another example of this property is growth. "Growth" re fers to t ...
Globalization
... converging, and national economies are merging into an integrated, interdependent global economic system. As companies from Japan and emerging markets like China play a more vital role in the world economy, the dominance of companies from the United States and Western Europe has diminished. Signific ...
... converging, and national economies are merging into an integrated, interdependent global economic system. As companies from Japan and emerging markets like China play a more vital role in the world economy, the dominance of companies from the United States and Western Europe has diminished. Signific ...
The Heckscher
... of factors across countries instead of differences in technology (as in the Ricardian model). In the Heckscher-Ohlin model countries have the same production technologies. The first innovation implies that the production possibility frontier is going to be concave and hence result in increasing oppo ...
... of factors across countries instead of differences in technology (as in the Ricardian model). In the Heckscher-Ohlin model countries have the same production technologies. The first innovation implies that the production possibility frontier is going to be concave and hence result in increasing oppo ...
OECD report - Ons Onderwijs 2032
... Technology and globalisation have increased demand for highly skilled workers, pushing up wages for these people and reducing demand for the less-skilled. Other factors are driving growing income polarisation as well. One is shifting patterns in family formation: across the OECD, the proportion of s ...
... Technology and globalisation have increased demand for highly skilled workers, pushing up wages for these people and reducing demand for the less-skilled. Other factors are driving growing income polarisation as well. One is shifting patterns in family formation: across the OECD, the proportion of s ...
Relative Factor Abundance and Trade
... overlooked that Trefler’s weights depend on the size of the factor content. Therefore, the improvement is driven by the above-average performance of the six biggest industrial nations. At the same time, the weighting reveals the below-average performance of the countries for which endowment-driven t ...
... overlooked that Trefler’s weights depend on the size of the factor content. Therefore, the improvement is driven by the above-average performance of the six biggest industrial nations. At the same time, the weighting reveals the below-average performance of the countries for which endowment-driven t ...
Trade in Environmental Goods, with Focus on Climate
... in the global commons - and perhaps to achieve other social objectives (Morici, 2002). Moreover, an OECD study by Steenblik et al. (2005) has suggested that developing countries have substantial export potential, particularly when PPMs are included. It should be pointed out, though, that there is no ...
... in the global commons - and perhaps to achieve other social objectives (Morici, 2002). Moreover, an OECD study by Steenblik et al. (2005) has suggested that developing countries have substantial export potential, particularly when PPMs are included. It should be pointed out, though, that there is no ...
The Jurisprudential Niche Occupied by Law and Economics
... the six other schools that contribute to the field, each of which places significant emphasis on the interrelations between law and economy. The aim is to clarify the scope of “Law and Economics” for those in law as well as those involved in fields contiguous to law. Hopefully, this will provide the ...
... the six other schools that contribute to the field, each of which places significant emphasis on the interrelations between law and economy. The aim is to clarify the scope of “Law and Economics” for those in law as well as those involved in fields contiguous to law. Hopefully, this will provide the ...
Fiscal Federalism in Planned Economies
... regional resource transfers which, often are invisible, it is difficult to taken them into account in the explicit transfer systems. In this section, some important characteristics of the planned economies with implications for assignment of taxes and expenditures on the one hand, and creating invi ...
... regional resource transfers which, often are invisible, it is difficult to taken them into account in the explicit transfer systems. In this section, some important characteristics of the planned economies with implications for assignment of taxes and expenditures on the one hand, and creating invi ...
Is the New Wine World more efficient? Factors
... of a given population. While Bos et al. (2010) advocates that human capital may be directly related to efficiency on a macro level, some other studies from the literature of agricultural economics confirm this using micro data. Bos et al. (2010) stipulates that human capital “can affect efficiency t ...
... of a given population. While Bos et al. (2010) advocates that human capital may be directly related to efficiency on a macro level, some other studies from the literature of agricultural economics confirm this using micro data. Bos et al. (2010) stipulates that human capital “can affect efficiency t ...
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... entrepreneurship on both product and labor market. Borensztein, De Gregorio and Lee (1995) emphasizes the interactions between human capital and the efficiency of FDI, and shows empirically that FDI has positive effects on economic growth, but this only happens when the level of education is higher ...
... entrepreneurship on both product and labor market. Borensztein, De Gregorio and Lee (1995) emphasizes the interactions between human capital and the efficiency of FDI, and shows empirically that FDI has positive effects on economic growth, but this only happens when the level of education is higher ...
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... consumption ‘smoothing’ so they save less, bringing forward relatively more of their consumption and enjoying a flatter lifetime consumption profile (lower g ). What value should η take in a climate policy context? This is a particularly difficult question. Stern (2007:31-9) argued that because clim ...
... consumption ‘smoothing’ so they save less, bringing forward relatively more of their consumption and enjoying a flatter lifetime consumption profile (lower g ). What value should η take in a climate policy context? This is a particularly difficult question. Stern (2007:31-9) argued that because clim ...
Ashford_Heitor - DSpace@MIT - Massachusetts Institute of
... those changes. Social innovation can alter both the demand for and the supply of what the industrial state might offer. Obviously social innovation should not be confused with the term ‘social engineering’, since the former rests on information, education, communication, and enlightened self-interes ...
... those changes. Social innovation can alter both the demand for and the supply of what the industrial state might offer. Obviously social innovation should not be confused with the term ‘social engineering’, since the former rests on information, education, communication, and enlightened self-interes ...
Lecture
... Bilateral (from one country to another) or multilateral (from international organizations) Program, project, technical assistance Linked to purchase of goods and services from donor country, or in kind Conditional in nature IMF conditionality, good governance ...
... Bilateral (from one country to another) or multilateral (from international organizations) Program, project, technical assistance Linked to purchase of goods and services from donor country, or in kind Conditional in nature IMF conditionality, good governance ...
Reading 1
... We treat the acquisition of employment skills as a supply-side concern, and thus arguably within the ambit of technological innovation, since physical capital, labour, and knowledge are currently considered the most important factors in production and service. Labour skills and know-how can have a p ...
... We treat the acquisition of employment skills as a supply-side concern, and thus arguably within the ambit of technological innovation, since physical capital, labour, and knowledge are currently considered the most important factors in production and service. Labour skills and know-how can have a p ...
SOCIAL THEORY TODAY
... a theory of society is placed as characterized by a divergence of empirical research and philosophical thinking. For him, the Hegelian philosophy of history represented the last mould of a theoretical tradition in which both branches of knowledge were merged into a single mode of thought in such a w ...
... a theory of society is placed as characterized by a divergence of empirical research and philosophical thinking. For him, the Hegelian philosophy of history represented the last mould of a theoretical tradition in which both branches of knowledge were merged into a single mode of thought in such a w ...
MARXISM AND SOCIALIST THEORY
... automatically utopian. They proclaim the need for sober scientific analysis yet preclude by fiat thought about future aims. They fail to see that a "vision" is prerequisite to effective criticism of the present. They fail to see that knowledge of where you wish to go is as critical as knowledge of w ...
... automatically utopian. They proclaim the need for sober scientific analysis yet preclude by fiat thought about future aims. They fail to see that a "vision" is prerequisite to effective criticism of the present. They fail to see that knowledge of where you wish to go is as critical as knowledge of w ...
Development economics
Development economics is a branch of economics which deals with economic aspects of the development process in low-income countries. Its focus is not only on methods of promoting economic development, economic growth and structural change but also on improving the potential for the mass of the population, for example, through health and education and workplace conditions, whether through public or private channels.Development economics involves the creation of theories and methods that aid in the determination of policies and practices and can be implemented at either the domestic or international level. This may involve restructuring market incentives or using mathematical methods such as inter-temporal optimization for project analysis, or it may involve a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods.Unlike in many other fields of economics, approaches in development economics may incorporate social and political factors to devise particular plans. Also unlike many other fields of economics, there is no consensus on what students should know. Different approaches may consider the factors that contribute to economic convergence or non-convergence across households, regions, and countries.