Bahrain Economic Quarterly - Economic Development Board
... recently suggested that the “neutral” rate required to keep the economy growing at its trend rate and near full employment could remain historically low for a long time. Expectations of significant monetary tightening by the Fed have been scaled back with lose monetary conditions likely to prevail f ...
... recently suggested that the “neutral” rate required to keep the economy growing at its trend rate and near full employment could remain historically low for a long time. Expectations of significant monetary tightening by the Fed have been scaled back with lose monetary conditions likely to prevail f ...
Chapter 3 Trends in National Income
... sector included agriculture, forests, finishing and hunting. 2. Corporate sector included industries, construction, business, transport and public services. Dr. Rao used mixed method for the estimation of national income. He used a) product method for estimating income in the agricultural sector and ...
... sector included agriculture, forests, finishing and hunting. 2. Corporate sector included industries, construction, business, transport and public services. Dr. Rao used mixed method for the estimation of national income. He used a) product method for estimating income in the agricultural sector and ...
an analytical advertising model approach to the
... price, the candidates for a sale of each firm require adjustment for a price weight. The lower the price, the higher the weight. Assuming price will never be lower than $10, the maximum sales (customers) will be 40. At each price the corresponding units can be stated as a percentage of maximum aggre ...
... price, the candidates for a sale of each firm require adjustment for a price weight. The lower the price, the higher the weight. Assuming price will never be lower than $10, the maximum sales (customers) will be 40. At each price the corresponding units can be stated as a percentage of maximum aggre ...
ECONOMICS
... skipping over the short-run changes. The vertical, longrun AS curve shows that in the long run, demand shocks can affect the price level but not output. ...
... skipping over the short-run changes. The vertical, longrun AS curve shows that in the long run, demand shocks can affect the price level but not output. ...
ge11 Keuschnigg 15050841 en
... Rajan and Zingales (1998). This paper sheds light on the mechanisms determining (endogenous) nance constraints in the presence of rms’ discrete R&D decisions and their consequences for tangible investment, comparative advantage, and trade. We assume that nance constraints root in a moral hazard p ...
... Rajan and Zingales (1998). This paper sheds light on the mechanisms determining (endogenous) nance constraints in the presence of rms’ discrete R&D decisions and their consequences for tangible investment, comparative advantage, and trade. We assume that nance constraints root in a moral hazard p ...
Income Inequality, Over-indebtedness and Financial Instability
... fall of relative purchasing power of the later. It’s well known that such a purchasing power fall, of economic agents with higher marginal propensity to consume, has dramatic consequence on aggregate demand and thus on economic dynamism. But confronted with a fall of purchasing power, low and middle ...
... fall of relative purchasing power of the later. It’s well known that such a purchasing power fall, of economic agents with higher marginal propensity to consume, has dramatic consequence on aggregate demand and thus on economic dynamism. But confronted with a fall of purchasing power, low and middle ...
Increasing Returns, Decreasing Returns and Regional Economic
... presence of increasing returns. The understanding of the extent to which the regional development is driven by either decreasing or increasing returns thus appears as a key issue, especially in Europe. In Europe regional convergence is expected to take place as a result of not only the integration p ...
... presence of increasing returns. The understanding of the extent to which the regional development is driven by either decreasing or increasing returns thus appears as a key issue, especially in Europe. In Europe regional convergence is expected to take place as a result of not only the integration p ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INEQUALITY AND TRADE Devashish Mitra Vitor Trindade
... food and manufactures. But given their different inequality levels, they consume the two goods in different proportions. Therefore, the gains from trade are due to specialization in consumption, not in production. In this paper, by considering the impact of demand on trade, we also revisit some earlie ...
... food and manufactures. But given their different inequality levels, they consume the two goods in different proportions. Therefore, the gains from trade are due to specialization in consumption, not in production. In this paper, by considering the impact of demand on trade, we also revisit some earlie ...
Informality: Concepts, Facts and Models
... component is enforcement. The investigation of enforcement of regulations in developing countries is still in its infancy, but one hypothesis is that the persistence of informality is explained by relatively lax enforcement in an era of economic liberalization. Increased product competition as a res ...
... component is enforcement. The investigation of enforcement of regulations in developing countries is still in its infancy, but one hypothesis is that the persistence of informality is explained by relatively lax enforcement in an era of economic liberalization. Increased product competition as a res ...
achievements and challenges of the bangladesh economy
... the average. Even in the 1980s, the contribution of foreign aid to gross investment was still as high as 40 per cent; by the 2000s, however, it has came down to just over 10 per cent.7 It is thus evident that the country has managed to accelerate its rate of capital accumulation while at the same ti ...
... the average. Even in the 1980s, the contribution of foreign aid to gross investment was still as high as 40 per cent; by the 2000s, however, it has came down to just over 10 per cent.7 It is thus evident that the country has managed to accelerate its rate of capital accumulation while at the same ti ...
Long-run welfare under externalities in consumption, leisure, and
... and production externalities, showing that the type of distortion depends on both the type and relative strength of externalities. Our paper follows the spirit of this stream of literature, in particular of Cooper et al. (2001) and Liu and Turnovsky (2005). We are somewhat less general on the specifi ...
... and production externalities, showing that the type of distortion depends on both the type and relative strength of externalities. Our paper follows the spirit of this stream of literature, in particular of Cooper et al. (2001) and Liu and Turnovsky (2005). We are somewhat less general on the specifi ...
Chapter 8 homework and notes
... saving “after the fact.” It is also an opportunity to review past material. If someone suggests that they can also pay taxes, you can remind them that disposable income is after-tax income. 3. The discussion of the income and consumption relationship is a good opportunity to remind students about th ...
... saving “after the fact.” It is also an opportunity to review past material. If someone suggests that they can also pay taxes, you can remind them that disposable income is after-tax income. 3. The discussion of the income and consumption relationship is a good opportunity to remind students about th ...
MEASURING PRODUCTION AND INCOME, Chapter 2
... 9.3. The Phillips-curve is the SRAS-curve in percentage terms. Main lesson: A given level of expected inflation, fiscal and monetary policy may lower unemployment in the short run at the expense of a higher rate of inflation. Higher rate of inflation decreases real wages and thereby Increases employ ...
... 9.3. The Phillips-curve is the SRAS-curve in percentage terms. Main lesson: A given level of expected inflation, fiscal and monetary policy may lower unemployment in the short run at the expense of a higher rate of inflation. Higher rate of inflation decreases real wages and thereby Increases employ ...
1) In the Keynesian model of aggregate expenditure, real GDP is
... 4) If firms set prices and then keep them fixed for a period of time, their fixed prices imply that A)the aggregate price level is fixed and that aggregate demand determines the quantity of goods and services sold. B)prices are set by aggregate demand and supply. C)the aggregate price level adjusts ...
... 4) If firms set prices and then keep them fixed for a period of time, their fixed prices imply that A)the aggregate price level is fixed and that aggregate demand determines the quantity of goods and services sold. B)prices are set by aggregate demand and supply. C)the aggregate price level adjusts ...
Gagner Casino En Ligne - Better Advances Press
... modernization of their economies. An empirical neoclassical growth model reveals that foreign investment incrementally contributed to the economic transition of 27 countries in Central and Eastern Europe during the transition period 1989 to 2003 (Hartarska & Thompson, 2008). Benefits of FDI to the r ...
... modernization of their economies. An empirical neoclassical growth model reveals that foreign investment incrementally contributed to the economic transition of 27 countries in Central and Eastern Europe during the transition period 1989 to 2003 (Hartarska & Thompson, 2008). Benefits of FDI to the r ...
Social Factors and Productivity Growth in Canada and the United... Abstract Carolyn Mac Leod and Jianmin Tang
... (1995) also claimed similar historical influences on trust levels by looking at where European immigrants settled in the U.S. For example, it turns out that residents of the state of Minnesota, who have high trust levels, also have ancestry that can be traced to Norway, for the most part, where trus ...
... (1995) also claimed similar historical influences on trust levels by looking at where European immigrants settled in the U.S. For example, it turns out that residents of the state of Minnesota, who have high trust levels, also have ancestry that can be traced to Norway, for the most part, where trus ...
Aggregate expenditures
... Learning Objectives 1. Explain and illustrate the aggregate expenditures model and the concept of equilibrium real GDP. 2. Distinguish between autonomous and induced aggregate expenditures and explain why a change in autonomous expenditures leads to a multiplied change in equilibrium real GDP. 3. Di ...
... Learning Objectives 1. Explain and illustrate the aggregate expenditures model and the concept of equilibrium real GDP. 2. Distinguish between autonomous and induced aggregate expenditures and explain why a change in autonomous expenditures leads to a multiplied change in equilibrium real GDP. 3. Di ...
Moderating Growth and Structural Change in the People`s Republic
... • A gradual moderation in growth is currently underway in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). This is the result of a combination of factors, including a shrinking working-age population, the natural process of convergence and rising labor costs, and a structural shift toward consumption-led grow ...
... • A gradual moderation in growth is currently underway in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). This is the result of a combination of factors, including a shrinking working-age population, the natural process of convergence and rising labor costs, and a structural shift toward consumption-led grow ...
Leading Sectors in Economic Development: The Looney, R.E.
... expansion•. For the advanced market economies a consensus has emerged that measured technological change explains a significant share of total economic growth as well as growth in labour productivity. Unfortunately, the precise determinants of technological change are poorly understood. Some economi ...
... expansion•. For the advanced market economies a consensus has emerged that measured technological change explains a significant share of total economic growth as well as growth in labour productivity. Unfortunately, the precise determinants of technological change are poorly understood. Some economi ...
economic disruption, malthusian fertility, and economic growth
... sufficiently relative to subsistence levels of consumption, the willingness to have children falls. This occurs because the utility function is such that the income effect on fertility dominates the substitution effect when incomes fall below a certain threshold.3 If this hypothesis is verified, one ...
... sufficiently relative to subsistence levels of consumption, the willingness to have children falls. This occurs because the utility function is such that the income effect on fertility dominates the substitution effect when incomes fall below a certain threshold.3 If this hypothesis is verified, one ...
Ragnar Nurkse's balanced growth theory
The balanced growth theory is an economic theory pioneered by the economist Ragnar Nurkse (1907–1959). The theory hypothesises that the government of any underdeveloped country needs to make large investments in a number of industries simultaneously. This will enlarge the market size, increase productivity, and provide an incentive for the private sector to invest.Nurkse was in favour of attaining balanced growth in both the industrial and agricultural sectors of the economy. He recognised that the expansion and inter-sectoral balance between agriculture and manufacturing is necessary so that each of these sectors provides a market for the products of the other and in turn, supplies the necessary raw materials for the development and growth of the other.Nurkse and Paul Rosenstein-Rodan were the pioneers of balanced growth theory and much of how it is understood today dates back to their work.Nurkse's theory discusses how the poor size of the market in underdeveloped countries perpetuates its underdeveloped state. Nurkse has also clarified the various determinants of the market size and puts primary focus on productivity. According to him, if the productivity levels rise in a less developed country, its market size will expand and thus it can eventually become a developed economy. Apart from this, Nurkse has been nicknamed an export pessimist, as he feels that the finances to make investments in underdeveloped countries must arise from their own domestic territory. No importance should be given to promoting exports.