![The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on the Least Developed](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/012805153_1-75f3e25ad464044b07c0f6b9eab5d80c-300x300.png)
The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on the Least Developed
... • The trade channel.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 • Decline in capital inflows.. .. . ...
... • The trade channel.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 • Decline in capital inflows.. .. . ...
the attractiveness of 66 countries
... inflation and unemployment show significant relations with composite property returns. Chen and Hobbs (2003) find that the size of a country’s economy positively affects investment activity, as larger economies are usually more capable of withstanding external economic turmoil and are therefore more ...
... inflation and unemployment show significant relations with composite property returns. Chen and Hobbs (2003) find that the size of a country’s economy positively affects investment activity, as larger economies are usually more capable of withstanding external economic turmoil and are therefore more ...
Document
... – Equilibrium GDP is output level at which aggregate expenditure line intersects 45° line • If firms produce this output level, their inventories will not change, and they will be content to continue producing same level of output in the future ...
... – Equilibrium GDP is output level at which aggregate expenditure line intersects 45° line • If firms produce this output level, their inventories will not change, and they will be content to continue producing same level of output in the future ...
Inflation and deflation
... However, as noted in Chapter 16, monetary policy is carried out by central banks, and in most industrialised countries the central bank is an independent body whose main goal is the maintenance of a low and stable rate of inflation. In some countries, including Poland, South Korea, Canada, England, ...
... However, as noted in Chapter 16, monetary policy is carried out by central banks, and in most industrialised countries the central bank is an independent body whose main goal is the maintenance of a low and stable rate of inflation. In some countries, including Poland, South Korea, Canada, England, ...
The Emergence of Informal Sector and the
... U turn – first plummet, then gradually rise – from the time of the founding of New China to the present. The same is true with the changes in the proportion of urban non-Formal economy in the non-agricultural GDP. In the process of such U-curve since the 1990s, the movement of rural labor encour ...
... U turn – first plummet, then gradually rise – from the time of the founding of New China to the present. The same is true with the changes in the proportion of urban non-Formal economy in the non-agricultural GDP. In the process of such U-curve since the 1990s, the movement of rural labor encour ...
Chapter 4 - Dr. George Fahmy
... aggregate spending. A country's imports and exports are also affected by a changing price level, i.e., by an international purchasing power effect. When the price level increases in the home country and is unchanged in foreign countries, foreign-made commodities become relatively less expensive, the ...
... aggregate spending. A country's imports and exports are also affected by a changing price level, i.e., by an international purchasing power effect. When the price level increases in the home country and is unchanged in foreign countries, foreign-made commodities become relatively less expensive, the ...
Chapter 11: The Money Market and the LM Curve Copyright MHHE
... How are we going to capture these complexities, and yet still manage to draw simple diagrams? Consider placing the nominal interest rate i on the vertical axis and total income Y on the horizontal axis. For each possible value of Y on the horizontal axis, plot the point whose vertical axis value is ...
... How are we going to capture these complexities, and yet still manage to draw simple diagrams? Consider placing the nominal interest rate i on the vertical axis and total income Y on the horizontal axis. For each possible value of Y on the horizontal axis, plot the point whose vertical axis value is ...
Chapter IV: Regional developments and outlook
... consumption is projected to grow by 2.7 and 3.0 per cent in 2015 and 2016. While personal income increased by about 4.0 per cent in 2014, the household saving rate also increased slightly, to 5.1 per cent from 4.9 per cent in 2013, reflecting a certain degree of precaution taken by middle-income hou ...
... consumption is projected to grow by 2.7 and 3.0 per cent in 2015 and 2016. While personal income increased by about 4.0 per cent in 2014, the household saving rate also increased slightly, to 5.1 per cent from 4.9 per cent in 2013, reflecting a certain degree of precaution taken by middle-income hou ...
Measurement of Real Income in the System of National Accounts
... accumulation, and the balance of payments. The Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi report (2009) can make it seem that entire new measurement systems are necessary, while the reality is that many of the recommendations about economic data contained in the Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi report can be met, or the first step ...
... accumulation, and the balance of payments. The Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi report (2009) can make it seem that entire new measurement systems are necessary, while the reality is that many of the recommendations about economic data contained in the Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi report can be met, or the first step ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES RECIPROCATED UNILATERALISM IN TRADE POLICY: AN INTEREST-GROUP APPROACH
... model studies. An alternate interpretation is to think of the model as studying the effects on partner countries of tariff reductions that may occur in certain countries due to regime shifts involving ideological changes (the ascension of committed free-traders into political power, for instance). A ...
... model studies. An alternate interpretation is to think of the model as studying the effects on partner countries of tariff reductions that may occur in certain countries due to regime shifts involving ideological changes (the ascension of committed free-traders into political power, for instance). A ...
Bubbly Collateral and Economic Activity
... Individuals interact within markets. In the labor market, old entrepreneurs hire young savers. Since the supply for labor is one and the demand is given by Equation (7), market clearing implies the ...
... Individuals interact within markets. In the labor market, old entrepreneurs hire young savers. Since the supply for labor is one and the demand is given by Equation (7), market clearing implies the ...
D F A H
... Marta Reynal-Querol Recently, Sachs et al. (2004) have argued in favor of a massive increase in foreign aid to Africa in order to escape from a supposed poverty trap. They propose to increase the capital stock in one step, through a large, well-targeted infusion of foreign assistance.1 In their prop ...
... Marta Reynal-Querol Recently, Sachs et al. (2004) have argued in favor of a massive increase in foreign aid to Africa in order to escape from a supposed poverty trap. They propose to increase the capital stock in one step, through a large, well-targeted infusion of foreign assistance.1 In their prop ...
Economic Survey of Singapore
... ULC came on the back of robust productivity growth in the sector. By contrast, services ULC increased by 4.5 per cent in the second quarter, with all services sectors registering positive ULC growth. In particular, the ULC for the accommodation & food services and business services sectors rose by 6 ...
... ULC came on the back of robust productivity growth in the sector. By contrast, services ULC increased by 4.5 per cent in the second quarter, with all services sectors registering positive ULC growth. In particular, the ULC for the accommodation & food services and business services sectors rose by 6 ...
ch_10
... Marginal propensity to expend on domestically supplied goods (mpe) – the ratio of the change in aggregate expenditures to a change in income. It is composed of the various relationships between the component of aggregate ...
... Marginal propensity to expend on domestically supplied goods (mpe) – the ratio of the change in aggregate expenditures to a change in income. It is composed of the various relationships between the component of aggregate ...
Income Dispersion and Counter-Cyclical Markups
... earnings are more dispersed, buyers’ willingness to pay is also more dispersed. If sellers were to reduce prices in recessions, they would attract few additional buyers (the small shaded area in the left panel of figure 1). This low elasticity makes the marginal benefit of lowering prices smaller an ...
... earnings are more dispersed, buyers’ willingness to pay is also more dispersed. If sellers were to reduce prices in recessions, they would attract few additional buyers (the small shaded area in the left panel of figure 1). This low elasticity makes the marginal benefit of lowering prices smaller an ...
Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards and the
... The U.S. Congress first enacted Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards in 1975, following the 1973–1974 oil crisis. During this time, many leaders viewed the passenger vehicle sector as key to reducing the country’s dependence on oil imports. The CAFE standards were created to achieve this ...
... The U.S. Congress first enacted Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards in 1975, following the 1973–1974 oil crisis. During this time, many leaders viewed the passenger vehicle sector as key to reducing the country’s dependence on oil imports. The CAFE standards were created to achieve this ...
Franco Modigliani
... (2) Early Keynesian theories of the determinants of saving It is interesting and somewhat paradoxical that the present day interest and extensive research activity about saving behavior owes its beginnings to the central role assigned by Keynesian economics to the consumption function as a determina ...
... (2) Early Keynesian theories of the determinants of saving It is interesting and somewhat paradoxical that the present day interest and extensive research activity about saving behavior owes its beginnings to the central role assigned by Keynesian economics to the consumption function as a determina ...
fep working papers fep working papers
... the increase in exports leads local firms to improve their productivity by better use of their capacity and access to economies of scale. The further integration into the global economy provided by FDI can, however, have negative effects on the host country. Mecinger (2003) suggests that FDI has a f ...
... the increase in exports leads local firms to improve their productivity by better use of their capacity and access to economies of scale. The further integration into the global economy provided by FDI can, however, have negative effects on the host country. Mecinger (2003) suggests that FDI has a f ...
have economic growth and institutional quality contributed to poverty
... South Asia, comprising Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, has been growing rapidly in recent years. According to the World Bank, the GDP per capita growth rate for South Asia in 2007 before the global financial crisis was around 7.5 per cent. Growth in ...
... South Asia, comprising Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, has been growing rapidly in recent years. According to the World Bank, the GDP per capita growth rate for South Asia in 2007 before the global financial crisis was around 7.5 per cent. Growth in ...
Narodna banka na Republika Makedonija
... the domestic economy. The presence of new companies - foreign investments, which continuously increase the capacity utilization, as well as the fiscal stimulus on investments in infrastructure, are the main factors stimulating the growth of the domestic economy. Their positive second-round effects a ...
... the domestic economy. The presence of new companies - foreign investments, which continuously increase the capacity utilization, as well as the fiscal stimulus on investments in infrastructure, are the main factors stimulating the growth of the domestic economy. Their positive second-round effects a ...
The Theory of Relative-Price Changes, Money, and Demand Factors
... in money and rejects the Ball and Mankiw (1995) hypothesis, based on Japanese wholesale price data for 1976–1994. Presumably because Ball and Mankiw (1995) themselves present it as chiefly a supply-side theory, many people associate the success of this theory with that of the supply-side theory of ...
... in money and rejects the Ball and Mankiw (1995) hypothesis, based on Japanese wholesale price data for 1976–1994. Presumably because Ball and Mankiw (1995) themselves present it as chiefly a supply-side theory, many people associate the success of this theory with that of the supply-side theory of ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
... In the remainder of this section, we derive equilibrium conditions to organize the empirical analyses, but we do not solve for the full general equilibrium of the model. In particular, the equilibrium price index will not be derived, because it is a complex function of a country’s geography. As such ...
... In the remainder of this section, we derive equilibrium conditions to organize the empirical analyses, but we do not solve for the full general equilibrium of the model. In particular, the equilibrium price index will not be derived, because it is a complex function of a country’s geography. As such ...
Ragnar Nurkse's balanced growth theory
The balanced growth theory is an economic theory pioneered by the economist Ragnar Nurkse (1907–1959). The theory hypothesises that the government of any underdeveloped country needs to make large investments in a number of industries simultaneously. This will enlarge the market size, increase productivity, and provide an incentive for the private sector to invest.Nurkse was in favour of attaining balanced growth in both the industrial and agricultural sectors of the economy. He recognised that the expansion and inter-sectoral balance between agriculture and manufacturing is necessary so that each of these sectors provides a market for the products of the other and in turn, supplies the necessary raw materials for the development and growth of the other.Nurkse and Paul Rosenstein-Rodan were the pioneers of balanced growth theory and much of how it is understood today dates back to their work.Nurkse's theory discusses how the poor size of the market in underdeveloped countries perpetuates its underdeveloped state. Nurkse has also clarified the various determinants of the market size and puts primary focus on productivity. According to him, if the productivity levels rise in a less developed country, its market size will expand and thus it can eventually become a developed economy. Apart from this, Nurkse has been nicknamed an export pessimist, as he feels that the finances to make investments in underdeveloped countries must arise from their own domestic territory. No importance should be given to promoting exports.