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Chapter 14 Monopoly
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... • How much X-elasticity is the threshold to be “in the market”? • To answer, think of the goal of market definition: to identify & assess magnitude of MP – So, for Product B to be in the same market as Product A means that Product B serves as a check on the ability of a monopolist in Product A to ex ...
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... average total cost, firms continue to produce in the short run and cease production in the long run. If price falls below average variable costs, firms cease production in the short run. Therefore, with a small decrease in price, i.e., less than the difference between the price and average variable ...
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Chapter 21

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... 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 until no more assignments can be made. (If 0’s remain, this means that there are at least two 0’s in each remaining row and column. Make an arbitrary assignment to one of these 0’s and repeat steps 1 and 2.) ...
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... product of labour schedule for Wanda’s fish shop is shown in table 1 and the marginal product of labour curve (MP) derived from this schedule is shown in figure 3. ...
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... in Pakistan.”5 In post-invasion Iraq, Saddam Hussein lost or monopoly control over the information market, where loyalty and identity were exchanged. The consequence was the plummeting of loyalty that former régime could command in exchange for its marketed form of identity. Into this vacuum stepped ...
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... Example, then take up the answers together in class.) Student handout is attached. What causes demand for an item to change? - Shifting consumer tastes, weather, seasonality, price change, etc. What are some implications of our firm being stuck with product we can’t sell? - Obsolete stock, cost of h ...
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... Goods that cannot be differentiated are referred to as cooperative goods. For cooperative goods, generic advertising may potentially enhance total demand but should not change the underlying market shares among producers and/or suppliers. For some goods, consumers may be willing to search out the at ...
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...  There’s not much people can do in the short run, other than ride the bus or carpool.  In the long run, people can buy smaller cars or live closer to where they work.  Lesson: Price elasticity is higher in the long run than the short run. © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be c ...
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... supply and demand curves show the optimal level of output. To the left, demand is greater than supply, so the value of output is greater than its opportunity cost, so we would want to produce more. To the right, supply is greater than demand, so it costs more to produce output than it is worth to co ...
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... The deadweight loss is the reduction in total surplus due to the tax. Tax revenue is the amount of the tax times the amount of the good sold. In panel (a), a small tax has a small deadweight loss and raises a small amount of revenue. In panel (b), a somewhat larger tax has a larger deadweight loss a ...
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Supply and demand



In microeconomics, supply and demand is an economic model of price determination in a market. It concludes that in a competitive market, the unit price for a particular good, or other traded item such as labor or liquid financial assets, will vary until it settles at a point where the quantity demanded (at the current price) will equal the quantity supplied (at the current price), resulting in an economic equilibrium for price and quantity transacted.The four basic laws of supply and demand are: If demand increases (demand curve shifts to the right) and supply remains unchanged, a shortage occurs, leading to a higher equilibrium price. If demand decreases (demand curve shifts to the left) and supply remains unchanged, a surplus occurs, leading to a lower equilibrium price. If demand remains unchanged and supply increases (supply curve shifts to the right), a surplus occurs, leading to a lower equilibrium price. If demand remains unchanged and supply decreases (supply curve shifts to the left), a shortage occurs, leading to a higher equilibrium price.↑
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